Hitachi, Ltd.

Babcock-hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha

Nippon Mining Co., Ltd.

Jinichi Tomuro

Tomohiko Miyamoto

Atsushi Morihara

Nobuyuki Hokari

Yoshiki Noguchi

Yukio Hishinuma

Tooru Inada

Susumu Yoshioka

Yasuo Yoshii

Seiichi Uchida

Yoshihito Satomi

Norihiro Kiuchi

Takeo Yamagata

Katsuya Oki

Syuntaro Koyama

Hiroshi Matsumoto

Akio Yamamoto

Hisao Yamashita

Naoyuki Nagafuchi

Yoichi Nakamura

Shunsuke Nogita

Hiroshi Miyadera

Shigehito Takamoto

Shuntaro Koyama

Masahide Nomura

Sadao Takahashi

Katsunori Ouchi

Toshio Kuge

Eiji Kida

Goro Kurita

Mitsuhiro Matsuo

Akio Ueda

The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for predicting and calculating an amount of harmful oxide such as NOx contained in an exhaust gas from a reference concentration of harmful oxide, which is previously determined by a type of fuel supplied to a fluidized bed combustor, an amount of change of an air ratio and an amount of change of a gas residence time to the conditions of a specific air ratio and gas residence time in the combustor, and injecting a treatment agent such as NH.sub.3 in an amount optimum to the predicted amount into an exhaust gas. With this arrangement, an amount of harmful oxide in the exhaust gas can be securely lowered to a target value.

Method of predicting and controlling harmful oxide and apparatus therefor

A method of and apparatus for detecting an abnormality of a fluidized bed boiler is characterized in that an abnormality of the fluidized bed boiler is detected on the basis of a physical quantity related to a condition change of a gas existing in a space defined by a pressure vessel and the fluidized bed boiler accommodated within the pressure vessel.

Method of and apparatus for abnormality detection of a fluidized bed

A bed height of a fluidized bed is detected which influences reaction of a fluidized-bed equipment. In the fluidized-bed equipment in which a fluidized particle is put into the vessel, physical properties at a plurality of points within the vessel are measured in a height direction thereof. An interior of the vessel is divided into upper and lower two regions. Physical property distribution curves of the respective regions are found, to find an intersection between the two curves as a bed height. Thus, it is possible to find the bed height of the fluidized bed which influences the reaction of the fluidized-bed equipment. An operating quantity which influences the reaction can be adjusted or regulated accurately.

Fluidized-bed equipment and pressurized fluidized-bed (combustion)

A combined cycle power generating plant has a fluidized bed furnace and a heat exchanger disposed therein, a steam turbine which is driven by steam generated in the heat exchanger and a gas turbine which is driven by combustion gas generated in the fluidized bed furnace. If the output of the whole of the plant is increased, the pressure in the fluid bed furnace is increased by supplying water into the fluidized bed furnace and then the amount of steam generated in the heat exchanger is increased by elevating the height of the fluidized bed.

Fluidized bed combined cycle power generating plant with method to

The present invention provides a desulfurizing agent comprising a porous oxide carrier, at least one of molybdenum oxide and tungsten oxide as a first component, supported on the carrier, and at least one of manganese oxide, cobalt oxide and nickel oxide as a second component, supported mainly on the surface of the first component. In a coal gasification system using the present desulfurizing agent and a power generation system using the purified gas therefrom, a reduction column for converting a portion of sulfur dioxide in the regenerated gas to hydrogen sulfide as a pretreatment means to a Claus reaction column can be eliminated when the desulfurizing agent is regenerated. Furthermore, in the present invention a desulfurizing agent capable of reacting with hydrogen sulfide to form a solid sulfur compound at a high temperature is supplied to a gasification furnace and the resulting sulfur compound is withdrawn from the gasification furnace as molten slag together with ashes of fine coal powder, where desulfurization can be attained without a Claus reaction column and without a reduction column. Such desulfurization is likewise applicable to a coal gasification system and a power generation system based on the coal gasification.

Desulfurizing agent and process for treating hydrogen sulfide containing

An entrained bed coal gasifier constructed so as to conduct two-stage reactions in a single gasification zone can be operated with high gasification efficiency by feeding coal and a gasifying agent through upper burners located at an upper portion from the half of the gasification section along the vertical direction and lower burners located at a lower portion from the half of the gasification section so as to make rotational flow respectively, the ratio of the amount of gasifying agent to the amount of coal at lower burners being larger than that of at the upper burners, the rotating circle diameter formed by the coal and gasifying agent injected from the upper burner being larger than that formed by the lower burner.

Coal gasifier

A method and apparatus for upgrading low rank coal, wherein the sealing efficiency between the inside and the outside of a system and between the successive stages of apparatus is improved. Such improvement is provided between a drying apparatus for drying low rank coal into dried coal and a carbonizing apparatus for carbonizing the dried coal into carbonized coal and between the carbonizing apparatus and a cooling/adsorbing apparatus for cooling said carbonized coal and the cooled carbonized coal is caused to absorb therein a tar produced from the carbonization of the dried coal to thereby provide improved coal. In this method and apparatus inflow of an outside atmosphere from the outside into the inside of the system and mixing of gases between said successive stages of apparatus is restrained so that low rank coal is able to be favorably and consecutively upgraded regardless of operating pressures of the respective stages of apparatus.

Method and apparatus for upgrading low rank coal

A process for gasifying coal comprising supplying to an upper portion of an entrained flow gasifier a coal powder having a particle size of 100 .mu.m or less whereby gasification is conducted at 900.degree. C. or higher in the absence of oxygen, supplying a coal powder including coarser particles and oxygen in an amount from that necessary for complete combustion of coal to a half of said amount to a lower portion of the gasifier whereby gasification is conducted at a melting point of coal ash or higher, and leading the gases produced at the lower portion of the gasifier directly to the upper portion of the gasifier, does not require recycle of char to the gasifier and gives a high gasification efficiency by passing coal powder through the gasifier only one time.

Entrained flow coal gasification process

In a reactor for cracking heavy hydrocarbon oil through a fluidized bed of the particles of natural ores, coke-like materials are deposited on a top of the reactor or pipe inside surfaces of a transfer line from the reactor to a scrubber. To effectively scour out the deposited coke-like materials, particles of natural ores having a mean diameter of a few hundred .mu.m is made to be contained in an effluent gas from the top of reactor, passing through the transfer line at a concentration of 1 to 40 g/m.sup.3. The particles of natural ores have a good effect of scouring out the deposited coke-like materials and can keep the transfer line efficiently clean even with a small amount of the particles of natural ores, decreasing a pressure drop in the transfer line.

Apparatus for preventing coking in fluidized bed reactor for cracking

In a reactor for cracking heavy hydrocarbon oil through a fluidized bed of particles of natural ores, coke-like materials are deposited on a top of the reactor or pipe inside surfaces of a transfer line from the reactor to a scrubber. To effectively scour out the deposited coke-like materials, particles of natural ores having a mean diameter of a few hundred .mu.m is made to be contained in an effluent gas from the top of reactor, passing through the transfer line at a concentration of 1 to 40 g/m.sup.3. The particles of natural ores have a good effect of scouring out the deposited coke-like materials and can keep the transfer line efficiently clean even with a small amount of the particles of natural ores, decreasing a pressure drop in the transfer line.

Method for preventing coking in fluidized bed reactor for cracking heavy

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Hitachinaka, Japan

Jinichi Tomuro