Hewlett-packard Development Company, L.P.

Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Hewlett-packard Development, L.p.

Jingjing Li

David A Fattal

Wei Guang Wu

Shih-Yuan Wang

Raymond G Beausoleil

Zhiyong Li

Marco Fiorentino

Alexandre M Bratkovski

Michael Renne Ty Tan

Philip John Kuekes

Huei Pei Kuo

Min Hu

Fung Suong Ou

Michael Josef Stuke

Richard Stanley Williams

Qiangfei Xia

Nate Quitoriano

Wayne V Sorin

Jianhua Yang

Sagi Varghese Mathai

Theodore I Kamins

Charles Santori

Michael R T Tan

Nobuhiko P Kobayashi

Shih-Yuan (sy) Wang

Huel Pei Kuo

Examples include a method for fabricating a grating mirror using a computing device that comprises calculating a target phase change across the grating mirror. The target phase change may correspond to a target wavefront shape in a beam of light reflected from a grating patter. The method may also comprise generating the grating pattern comprising a plurality of lines with line widths, line period spacings, and line thicknesses corresponding to the target phase change across the grating mirror using the computing device. In such examples, a set of coordinates may be generated using the computing device with each coordinate identifying a location of a line of the plurality of lines, a line width of the line, a line period spacing of the line, and a line thickness of the line.

Grating apparatus for target phase changes

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to optical devices comprising planar lenses. In one aspect, an optical device includes two or more planar lenses, and one or more dielectric layers. Each planar lens includes a non-periodic, sub-wavelength grating layer, and each dielectric layer is disposed adjacent to at least one planar lens to form a solid structure. The two or more planar lenses are substantially parallel and arranged to have a common optical axis so that light transmitted through the optical device substantially parallel to the optical axis is refracted by the two or more planar lenses.

Optical devices based on non-periodic sub-wavelength gratings

A small-mode-volume, vertical-cavity, surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). The VCSEL includes an active structure to emit light upon injection of carriers, and two reflecting structures at least one of which is a grating reflector structure. The active structure is disposed within at least one of the reflecting structures. The reflecting structures are configured as a vertical-cavity resonator of small mode-volume. An optical-bus transmitter including a plurality of small-mode-volume VCSELs, and a system including at least one optical bus and at least one optical-bus transmitter in a digital-information processor, or a data-processing center, are also provided.

Small-mode-volume, vertical-cavity, surface-emitting laser

A vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) system and method of fabrication are included. The VCSEL system includes a first portion comprising a first mirror and a gain region to amplify an optical signal in response to a data signal, the first portion being fabricated on a first wafer. The system also includes a second portion comprising a second mirror that is partially-reflective to couple the optical signal to an optical fiber. The second portion can be fabricated on a second wafer. The system further includes a supporting structure to couple the first and second portions such that the first and second mirrors are arranged as a laser cavity having a predetermined length to resonate the optical signal.

Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser system and method for fabricating the same

Aspects of the present invention are directed to flat sub-wavelength dielectric gratings that can be configured to operate as mirrors and other optical devices. In one aspect, a grating layer () has a planar geometry and is configured with lines (). The lines widths, line thicknesses and line period spacings () are selected to control phase changes in different portions of a beam of light reflected from the grating such that the phase changes collectively produce a desired wavefront shape in the beam of light reflected from the grating.

Non-periodic grating reflectors with focusing power and methods for fabricating the same

A sub-wavelength grating device having controlled phase response includes a grating layer having line widths, line thicknesses, line periods, and line spacings selected to produce a first level of control in phase changes of different portions of a beam of light reflected from the grating layer. The device also includes a substrate affixed to the grating layer that produces a second level of control in phase changes of different portions of a beam of light reflected from the grating layer, the second level of control being accomplished abrupt stepping of the substrate in a horizontal dimension, ramping the substrate in a horizontal dimension, or changing the index of refraction in a horizontal dimension.

Controlling phase response in a sub-wavelength grating lens

Embodiments of the present invention relate to planar optical devices composed of one or more sub-wavelength diffraction grating layers. In one embodiment, an optical device includes a first substantially planar reflective structure (), a second substantially planar reflective structure (), and a substantially planar sub-wavelength grating layer () disposed between the first reflective structure and the second reflective structure. The grating layer is configured with lines (--) having line widths, line thicknesses, and line period spacing selected to control phase changes in different portions of a beam of light transmitted through the optical device.

Optical devices based on diffraction gratings

A negative index material (or metamaterial) crossbar includes a first layer of approximately parallel nanowires and a second layer of approximately parallel nanowires that overlay the nanowires in the first layer. The nanowires in the first layer are approximately perpendicular in orientation to the nanowires in the second layer. Each nanowire of the first layer and each nanowire of the second layer has substantially regularly spaced fingers. The crossbar further includes resonant elements at nanowire intersections between the respective layers. Each resonant element includes two fingers of a nanowire in the first layer and two fingers of a nanowire in the second layer.

Metamaterial and dynamically reconfigurable hologram employing same

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to display systems for viewing three-dimensional images. In one aspect, a viewing system that enables a viewer to perceive depth in a three-dimensional image includes a right-eye ocular system positioned in the line of sight of the viewer's right eye, and a left-eye ocular system positioned in the line of sight of the viewer's left eye. The right-eye ocular system and the left-eye ocular system are configured to display corresponding stereo right-eye and left-eye image pairs of the three-dimensional image at various distances from the viewer's eyes.

Stereo vision viewing systems

Planar, polarization insensitive, optical elements to control refraction of transmitted light in free space are disclosed. In one aspect, an optical element includes a substrate having a planar surface, and a polarization insensitive, high contrast, sub-wavelength grating composed of posts that extend from the planar surface. The grating has at least one region. Within each region, cross-sectional dimensions of the posts and/or lattice arrangement of the posts are nonperiodically varied to control refraction of light transmitted through the optical element.

Sub-wavelength grating-based optical elements

An analyzer is disclosed herein. The analyzer encompasses a substrate having a surface with a plurality of distinct V-grooves formed therein. An input flow channel is configured to intersect and fluidly communicate with each of the plurality of distinct V-grooves at respective input points, and an output flow channel is configured to intersect and fluidly communicate with each of the plurality of distinct V-grooves at respective output points.

Analyzer and method for sensing using the same

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to optical devices comprising planar lenses. In one aspect, an optical device includes two or more planar lenses (), and one or more dielectric layers (-). Each planar lens includes a non-periodic, sub-wavelength grating layer (), and each dielectric layer is disposed adjacent to at least one planar lens to form a solid structure. The two or more planar lenses are substantially parallel and arranged to have a common optical axis () so that light transmitted through the optical device substantially parallel to the optical axis is refracted by the two or more planar lenses.

An apparatus for dynamically varying an optical characteristic of a light beam includes an optical element configured to receive a beam of light. The optical element includes at least one sub-wavelength grating formed of a plurality of lines. The apparatus includes at least one actuator connected to at least one component of the optical element and a controller for controlling the at least one actuator to dynamically vary a characteristic of the beam of light that is at least one of emitted through and reflected from the optical element.

Dynamically varying an optical characteristic of light by a sub-wavelength grating

Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to negative refractive index-based holograms that can be electronically controlled and dynamically reconfigured to generate one or more color three-dimensional holographic images. In one aspect, a hologram comprises a phase-control layer having a plurality of phase modulation elements. The phase-modulation elements are configured with a negative effective refractive index and selectively transmit wavelengths associated with one of three primary color wavelength. The hologram also includes an intensity-control layer including a plurality of intensity-control elements. One or more color three-dimensional images can be produced by electronically addressing the phase-modulation elements and intensity-control elements in order to phase shift and control the intensity of light transmitted through the hologram. A method for generating a color holographic image using the hologram is also provided, as is a system for generating a color holographic image.

Dynamically reconfigurable holograms for generating color holographic images

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to nanowire-based systems for performing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In one embodiment, a system comprises a substrate having a surface and a plurality of tapered nanowires disposed on the surface. Each nanowire has a tapered end directed away from the surface. The system also includes a plurality of nanoparticles disposed near the tapered end of each nanowire. When each nanowire is illuminated with light of a pump wavelength, Raman excitation light is emitted from the tapered end of the nanowire to interact with the nanoparticles and produce enhanced Raman scattered light from molecules located in close proximity to the nanoparticles.

Growing community of inventors

Palo Alto, CA, United States of America

Jingjing Li