Daewoo Electronics Co., Ltd.

Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

Daewoo Electronics Corporation

Jin-Hun Kim

Seok-Won Han

Young-chan Kim

Jae-hyung Chang

Hyoung-Jung Kim

Jong-Lak Kim

Myong-Hyun Park

A display apparatus having a display to display a picture thereon comprises a pivot sensor comprising a weight body, a housing in which the weight body is accommodated and movable as the display is pivoted, and a contact sensor placed in the housing and generating a sensing signal according to a pivoted angle of the display when contacting the weight body. A pivot sensing controller applies a predetermined driving voltage to the pivot sensor, and determines the pivot angle of the display on the basis of the sensing signal generated corresponding to the applied driving voltage. The pivot sensing apparatus requires a reduced number of pivot sensors and peripheral circuits to sense a pivot angle of a display panel. A display apparatus and system comprising the pivot sensing apparatus, and a method for sensing a pivot angle, are also disclosed.

Display apparatus and system comprising pivot sensing apparatus, and method for sensing a pivot angle

A more convenient checksum writing method and checksum checking apparatus. The method includes: calculating a first checksum by reading values from the memory and summing the read values; calculating a first mode checksum by subtracting values written in a predetermined area of the memory from the first checksum; initializing a second checksum to be zero if the first mode checksum does not meet a predetermined condition; calculating a second mode checksum by inverting the second checksum and adding the inverted second checksum to the first mode checksum; and writing the inverted second checksum value in the predetermined area of the memory, if the second mode checksum is equal to the second checksum.

Checksum writing method and checksum checking apparatus

The encoding type of a target macroblock is determined based on the texture information thereof, and the shape information and the texture information on the target macroblock are re-formed in response to the encoding type. After the CBPY bit number of the target macroblock is determined based on the re-formed shape information, the CBPY bit number being the number of non-transparent subblock's, the re-formed texture information of the target macroblock transformed and quantized into a set of quantized transformation coefficients for each non-transparent subblock based on the CBPY bit number. The CBPY information for the target macroblock is generated, wherein the CBPY information represents whether or not the set of quantized transformation coefficients for said each non-transparent subblock contains at least one non-zero component therein, and the encoding_type and the CBPY information for the target macroblock are multiplexed into a bit stream.

Method and apparatus for encoding a video signal

A contour approximation apparatus for representing a contour image of an object comprises a polygonal approximation section for determining a number of vertices on the contour image and fitting the contour image with a plurality of line segments to provide a polygonal approximation of the contour image, a sampling circuit for providing N sample points for each of the line segments, an error detector for calculating an error for each of the N sample points on each of the line segments to produce a set of errors for each of the line segments, a discrete sine transform and quantization block for transforming each set of errors into a set of discrete sine transform coefficients, and for converting the set of discrete sine transform coefficients into a set of quantized transform coefficients.

Contour approximation apparatus for representing a contour of an object

An apparatus encodes a video signal composed of texture information and shape information by selectively using a progressive and an interlaced coding technique. The shape information is divided into a multiplicity of BABs of M&times;N pixels having one of a first and a second binary values and the texture information has a plurality of macroblocks of the same number of pixels as a BAB. Specifically, the apparatus determines a motion vector of a target BAB of the shape information based on a corresponding motion vector predictor selected among candidate motion vectors including frame-based and field-based motion vectors for BABs which surround the target BAB and have been previously encoded and frame-based and field-based motion vectors for macroblocks which surround the macroblock corresponding to the target BAB and also have been previously encoded according to predetermined priority, and encodes the motion vector of the target BAB.

Method and apparatus for encoding a motion vector of a binary shape signal

A method for encoding a video signal of a contour of an object, which is capable of reducing the amount of transmission data through selectively transforming the approximation errors, is disclosed. The method divides the contour into a multiplicity of contour segments, and approximates each of the contour segments by a line segment, thereby determining positions of vertices on the contour. Then, it calculates a set of errors between the contour segment and the line segment, wherein the set of errors is a difference between each contour segment and the line segment corresponding thereto, and then calculates a value for determining the difference between the contour segment and the line segment. Thereafter, the method encodes and generates the positions of the vertices on the contour and the set of errors if the calculated value for determining the difference between the contour segment and the line segment is larger than a threshold value TH. Alternatively, if the calculated value is smaller than the threshold value TH, the method encodes and generates only the positions of the vertices on the contour, thereby reducing the amount of transmission data.

Method and apparatus for encoding a contour of an object

A method restores a binary shape signal which has been downsized through the use of a sub-sampling or a down-sampling technique. The downsized binary shape signal contains a plurality of reference lines, wherein each reference line includes one or more segments having successive object pixels therein, and the binary shape signal is restored based on the downsized binary shape signal. Once interpolation lines corresponding to the reference lines are produced based on the number of segments on each of the reference lines, positions of the segments, and the number of object pixels on each of the segments, and then the restored binary shape signal is provided by alternately combining each of the interpolation lines and each of the reference lines.

Method for producing a restored binary shape signal based on an

An inventive method for manufacturing an array of M.times.N thin film actuatable mirrors, the method being capable of preserving the structural integrity thereof, comprises the steps of: preparing an active matrix; depositing a passivation layer and an etchant stopping layer, successively, on top of the active matrix; forming a thin film sacrificial layer; depositing a first mask layer made of a silicon oxide; forming a second mask layer; forming an array of M.times.N pair of cavities, one of the cavities in each pair exposing a portion of one of the connecting terminals; removing the first and the second mask layer; forming an array of M.times.N actuating structures; removing the thin film sacrificial layer to thereby form the array of M.times.N thin film actuatable mirrors. During the formation of the cavities, the cavities is formed into a trapezoidal shape as a result of the difference in the etching rate between the first mask layer and the thin film sacrificial layer.

Method for manufacturing a thin film actuatable mirror array having an

A binary shape encoding apparatus encodes a binary alpha block (BAB) consisting of M.times.N binary pixels, M and N each being a positive even integer. The apparatus samples every other horizontal lines of the BAB to generate a first block starting from either a first or a second horizontal line of the BAB and then samples every other vertical lines of the first block to generate a first sample block as a base layer also starting from either a first or a second vertical line of the first block, wherein the first horizontal and vertical lines are the topmost horizontal and the leftmost vertical lines in the BAB and the first block, respectively. Then, the apparatus encodes the first sample block to thereby produce coded base layer data and performs enhancement layer encoding based on the BAB, the first block and the first sample block to thereby provide coded horizontal and vertical enhancement layer data.

Method and apparatus for binary shape encoding

In an apparatus for adaptively coding an image signal including a contour signal and a texture signal having object pixels and background pixels thereof, wherein the contour signal discriminates between the object pixels and the background pixels and each of the background pixels and the object pixels is represented by luminance data and chrominance data, a padding circuit replaces each background pixel value with a pixel value derived from object pixel values by using a predetermined padding method to thereby generate a padded texture signal. And then, a luminance data extracting circuit extracts the luminance data from the padded texture signal to provide a modified texture signal, each pixel of the modified texture signal having the luminance data. Thereafter, a frame/field correlation evaluating channel, based on the contour signal and the modified texture signal, evaluates a frame-correlation of a frame of the modified texture signal and a field-correlation of the top-field and the bottom-field thereof and then decides to encode the image signal on a frame-by-frame basis if the frame-correlation is higher than the field-correlation to thereby generate a frame coding mode signal and if otherwise, decides to encode the image signal on a field-by-field basis to thereby generate a field coding mode signal.

Apparatus and method for adaptively coding an image signal

A method encodes a contour image of an object expressed in a video signal. First, a centroid for the contour of the object is detected by averaging pixel positions on the contour. A set of primary vertices on the contour are determined based on the centroid. Subsequently, a set of secondary vertices on the contour are determined based on the set of primary vertices. The set of primary vertices, the set of secondary vertices and the centroid are encoded to provide a digitally coded contour signal.

Method and apparatus for encoding a contour of an object expressed in a

In an apparatus and method for encoding a binary alpha block (BAB) of binary pixels within a current frame based on the current frame and a previous frame including a plurality of BAB's, the BAB is adaptively encoded, wherein each frame has a top field and a bottom field and each BAB has a top BAB-field and a bottom BAB-field. If all of the binary pixels within a BAB within the current frame are defined either as background pixels or as object pixels, the BAB is encoded on a BAB-by-BAB basis and if otherwise, checks the binary pixels of the top BAB-field and the bottom BAB-field of the BAB. Namely, if all of the binary pixels within at least one of the top BAB-field and the bottom BAB-field are defined either as background pixels or as object pixels, it is decided to encode the BAB on a BAB-field by BAB-field basis, if otherwise, ME is performed on the top BAB-field and the bottom BAB-field based on the top field and the bottom field of the previous frame. An then, based on the result of the ME, it is decided to encode the BAB either on a BAB-by-BAB basis or on a BAB-field by BAB-field basis according to a predetermined decision rule to enhance the coding efficiency thereof.

Apparatus and method for adaptive coding a binary shape signal

A method for encoding an input image including more than an object is provided, wherein if number of contours in an image frame is less than a predetermined number, all the absolute addresses of the initial vertices of the contours are encoded. However, if the number of the contours are greater than or equal to the predetermined number, the contours are divided into a plurality of groups, wherein if a position of an initial vertex in a group is known, relative displacements of all the other vertices in the group can be represented by dynamic ranges determined by the number of the contours. Thereafter, absolute position information of a first initial vertex in each group is encoded using an escape code which is followed by the horizontal and the vertical absolute addresses of the initial vertex. All the remaining initial vertices are encoded based on their displacements from the previously encoded initial vertex and the dynamic ranges. The escade-coded data and the displacement coded data are provided as the encoded initial vertex data.

Method and apparatus for coding multiple contours within a frame

A contour encoding apparatus encoding a contour of an object in a current frame based on a previous frame first generates a global motion vector between the current and the previous frames and calculates the number of contours in the previous frame. Then, the apparatus determines, for each of current contours, an optimum contour among the previous contours and detects a local motion vector between the optimum and the current contours. Once the global and the local motion vectors are determined, a predicted contour corresponding to each of the current contours is generated by shifting the optimum contour by the global and the local motion vectors. By using the predicted and the current contours, an error representing a difference therebetween is extracted. Subsequently, flag signals describing how close each of the previous contours is to a corresponding current contour are produced based on the number of the previous contours and contour encoding information corresponding to each of the current contours and sequences of the errors and the local motion vectors for the current frame are outputted based on the contour encoding information corresponding to each of the current contours. Finally, the flag signals and the sequences of the errors and the local motion vectors are multiplexed and then the multiplexed data is transmitted as an encoded contour data.

Method and apparatus for encoding a contour of an object based on a

A method for encoding input contour image including a current contour based on a previous contour, the contour encoded previously, is provided. In this method a predicted contour is generated from motion estimating and compensating the previous contour based on the current contour. By indexing the contour pixels on the predicted contour and encoding the indices of the end-points of matched segments, parts where the predicted and the current contours overlap, encoded major vertex information is provided. Unmatched segments, parts on the current contour which are not included on any of the matching segments, are polygonal approximated to find minor vertices and relative location of the minor vertices are encoded to provide encoded minor vertex information. When encoding the minor vertices, modes for encoding the number of minor vertices are selected to minimize the number of bits for encoding the number of minor vertices. By multiplexing the encoded major vertex information and the encoded minor vertex information, the present method supplies encoded contour information.

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Seoul, South Korea

Jin-Hun Kim