Ppg Industries, Inc.

Transitions Optical, Inc.

Lam Research Corporation

Alps Electric (usa) Inc.

Jibing Lin

Barry Van Gemert

Diane J Hymes

Suning Tang

Yuanji Tang

Masami Aihara

A thin holographic optical switch used in a liquid crystal display device contains opposing transparent substrates transparent electrodes between the substrates and a diffraction grating between the electrodes. The diffraction grating contains regions of transparent polymerized photopolymers and cholesteric liquid crystal micro-droplets. Refractive indexes of the photopolymers and liquid crystal are substantially the same when the electrodes have the same potential. The holographic optical switch transmits broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is zero and is polarization independent. The holographic optical switch diffracts broadband LED light when the potential difference between the electrodes is non-zero and is polarization independent.

Optical switching device using holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystals

A processing belt for use in chemical mechanical planarization (CMP), and methods for making the same, is provided. Embodiments of the processing belt include a mesh belt, and a polymeric material encasing the mesh belt to define the processing belt. The processing belt is fabricated so that the mesh belt forms a continuous loop within the polymeric material, and the mesh belt is constructed as a grid of intersecting members. The intersecting members are joined at fixed joints to form a rigid support structure for the processing belt.

Reinforced chemical mechanical planarization belt

Photochromic 6-aryl substituted 3H-naphtho(2,1-b)pyrans

Aromatic substituted naphthopyrans

Described are novel photochromic indeno-fused naphthopyran compounds having certain substituents at the 2-position of the pyran ring and an alkoxy group at the number 6 carbon atom. Certain other substituents may also optionally be present at the number 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13 carbon atoms of the compounds. These compounds may be represented by the following graphic formula: ##STR1## Also described are certain novel indeno-fused naphthols which are used to make the novel naphthopyran compounds. Further described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with the novel naphthopyran compounds, or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, benzopyrans, and spiro(indoline)type compounds.

Photochromic indeno-fused naptho�2,1-b!pyrans

Described are novel 7-methylidene-5-oxo-furo fused naphthopyran compounds having certain substituents at the 2 position of the pyran ring. Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds.

7-methylidene-5-oxo-furo fused naphthopyrans

Described are novel pentahydrophenanthro�9,10-b!pyrans and tetrahydrocyclopenta�c!-naphtho�1,2-b!pyrans. Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds.

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Fremont, CA, United States of America

Jibing Lin