Irm LLC

University of California

Novartis Ag

Promega Corporation

Jennifer Harris

Charles S Craik

Arnab Kumar Chatterjee

David C Tully

Hong Liu

Jonathan A Ellman

Badry Bursulaya

Robert Epple

Bradley J Backes

Jun Li

Mary Haak-Frendscho

Jun Liu

Andrew L Niles

David H Woodmansee

Jianwei Che

Jie Li

Fangxian Sun

Phil Alper

Peter McNamara

Nicholas Ng

Jennifer Williams

Hsin-I Hsieh

Nanxin Li

The invention provides methods of monitoring differential gene expression of biomarkers to determine patient sensitivity to Wnt inhibitor, methods of determining the sensitivity of a cell to an Wnt inhibitor by measuring biomarkers, methods of screening for candidate Wnt inhibitor, Wnt inhibitor for use in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Markers associated with Wnt inhibitors

The invention provides methods for using compounds of Formula (I) for treating an EML4-ALKmediated condition such as EML4-ALKnon-small cell lung cancer, and optionally resistant to crizotinib; wherein R, R, R, R, Rand Rare as defined above.

Methods of using ALK inhibitors

A method is presented for the preparation and use of fluorogenic peptide substrates that allows for the configuration of general substrate libraries to rapidly identify the primary and extended specificity of enzymes, such as proteases. The substrates contain a fluorogenic-leaving group, such as 7-amino-4-carbamoylmethyl-coumarin (ACC). Substrates incorporating the ACC leaving group show comparable kinetic profiles as those with the traditionally used 7-amino-4-methyl-coumarin (AMC) leaving group. The bifunctional nature of ACC allows for the efficient production of single substrates and substrate libraries using solid-phase synthesis techniques.

Fluorogenic materials and uses thereof

The present invention provides compounds, compositions and methods for the selective inhibition of cathepsin S. In a preferred aspect, cathepsin S is selectively inhibited in the presence of at least one other cathepsin isozyme. The present invention also provides methods for treating a disease state in a subject by selectively inhibiting cathepsin S.

Inhibitors of cathepsin S

The present invention provides compounds, compositions and methods for the selective inhibition of cathepsin S. In a preferred aspect, cathepsin S is selectively inhibited in the presence of at least one other cathepsin isozyme (e.g., cathespin K). The present invention also provides methods for treating a disease state in a subject by selectively inhibiting cathepsin S.

The invention is directed to synthetic polypeptide substrates for tryptase enzymes and assays for tryptase activity that utilize the synthetic polypeptide substrates. The preferred synthetic polypeptide substrates are tetramers of the formula P4-P3-P2-P1, wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of P-R-N-K (SEQ. ID. NO: 2), P-K-N-K (SEQ. ID. NO: 3), P-R-N-R (SEQ. ID. NO: 4), P-K-N-R (SEQ. ID. NO: 5), P-A-N-K (SEQ. ID. NO: 6), and P-R-T-K (SEQ. ID. NO: 7).

Tryptase substrates and assay for tryptase activity using same

A method is presented for the preparation and use of fluorogenic peptide substrates that allows for the configuration of general substrate libraries to rapidly identify the primary and extended specificity of enzymes, such as proteases. The substrates contain a fluorogenic-leaving group, such as 7-amino-4-carbamoylmethyl-coumarin (ACC). Substrates incorporating the ACC leaving group show comparable kinetic profiles as those with the traditionally used 7-amino-4-methyl-coumarin (AMC) leaving group. The bifunctional nature of ACC allows for the efficient production of single substrates and substrate libraries using solid-phase synthesis techniques. The approximately 3-fold increased quantum yield of ACC over AMC permits reduction in enzyme and substrate concentrations. As a consequence, a greater number of substrates can be tolerated in a single assay, thus enabling an increase in the diversity space of the library. Soluble positional protease substrate libraries of 137,180 and 6,859 members, possessing amino acid diversity at the P4-P3-P2-P1 and P4-P3-P2 positions, respectively, were constructed. Employing this screening method the substrate specificities of a diverse array of proteases were profiled, including the serine proteases thrombin, plasmin, factor Xa, uPA, tPA, granzyme B, trypsin, chymotrypsin, human neutrophil elastase, and the cysteine proteases papain and cruzain. The resulting profiles create a pharmacophoric portrayal of the proteases allowing for the design of selective substrates and potent inhibitors.

Profiling of protease specificity using combinatorial fluorogenic substrate libraries

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San Diego, CA, United States of America

Jennifer Harris