Aura Systems Inc.

Transonic Combustion, Inc.

Jeffrey Bluen

Dennis C Bulgatz

Drew Kallen

The present invention provides an apparatus for enabling operation of a piezoelectric actuator, comprising a spring configured to provide a compressive force to a piezoelectric element of a piezoelectric actuator, wherein the compressive force varies with displacement of the piezoelectric element such that the compressive force is less at a first displacement than at a second displacement, and wherein the first displacement is greater than the second displacement.

Reverse operating nonlinear spring

An improved electromagnetic actuator includes a first assembly, a second assembly disposed for relative movement with respect to the first assembly and at least a first flexure interconnecting the first assembly and the second assembly. The first assembly includes a core having a first magnetic pole of a first polarity in a second magnetic pole of a second polarity. The second assembly includes an electrical current conductive coil having a first coil portion and a second coil portion. The first magnetic pole is in a facing relationship to the first coil portion and the second magnetic pole is in a facing relationship to the second coil portion. The first coil portion and the second coil portion are arranged so that an electrical current in the coil develops added a flux current cross products at each of the first coil portion and the second coil portion. One of the first assembly and the second assembly includes a magnetic flux return path between the first coil portion and the second coil portion.

Electromagnetic transducer

An improved electromagnetic actuator includes a first assembly, a second assembly disposed for relative movement with respect to the first assembly and at least a first flexure interconnecting the first assembly and the second assembly. The first assembly includes a core having a first magnetic pole of a first polarity in a second magnetic pole of a second polarity. The second assembly includes an electrical current conductive coil having a first coil portion and a second coil portion. The first magnetic pole is in a facing relationship to the first coil portion and the second magnetic pole is in a facing relationship to the second coil portion. The first coil portion and the second coil portion are arranged so that an electrical current in the coil develops additive flux current cross products at each of the first coil portion and the second coil portion. One of the first assembly and the second assembly includes a magnetic flux return path between the first coil portion and the second coil portion.

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Studio City, CA, United States of America

Jeffrey Bluen