Creusot-Loire

Other

Creusot-Loire Enterprises

S.a. Manganese Amcor Ltd.

Jean Saleil

Pierre J Leroy

Jean G Morlet

Andre Maubon

Willem A Gericke

Paul P Roos

Jean-Yves Malefant

Maurice Debras

Jean-Marcel Masson

Lucien Antoine

Robert A Featherstone

Ferro-manganese is decarburized from a carbon content of as high as 7.5% down to 2% or less by blowing an oxidizing gas into the melt in two stages through one or more immersed tuyeres protected with a peripheral fluid introduced into said tuyeres, utilizing temperatures between 1650.degree. and 1750.degree. C.

Process for decarburizing ferro-manganese

A converter for the refinement of liquid metal comprising a generally cylindrical body having closed ends and an opening in the circumference thereof, the body being arranged with its axis horizontal and being rotatable thereabout, a refractory arch with a heating unit movable into one part of the opening in the 'normal' position of the body in which the opening is in an upper part thereof, a gas collection system aligned with the other part of the opening in the 'normal' position of the body, and blast pipes extending into the body through a lower part of the body in the 'normal' position thereof.

Converters for refining metals

In a process of manufacturing an alloy steel, particularly stainless steel, in an electric arc furnace, in a first stage the furnace charge is brought to a molten state, in a second stage ferro-alloy in divided form is continuously supplied to the molten charge and simultaneously a refining fluid is blown into the charge, and in a third stage the molten charge is decarburized, if necessary, to give the required carbon content, and chromium oxide in the slag is reduced.

Process of manufacturing alloy steels in a continuously charged arc

In a method of making chrome steel in an electric arc furnace, a charge of chrome-bearing molten metal in the furnace is decarburized by blowing into the charge a jet of pure oxygen and water vapor through a double lance consisting of two concentric tubes and extending into the furnace through a wall or the roof of the furnace, the end of the lance being submerged in the charge and surrounded by a medium which protects it against high temperature wear.

Method of making chrome steel in an electric arc furnace

Nickel-containing mattes are desulphurized down to low sulphur levels (less than 1%) in a multi-stage process effected in a single converter vessel. In the first stage, an oxidizing gas is blown into the molten matte to reduce the sulphur level to about 4 to 7% and in one or more subsequent stages, oxygen and a diluent are blown into the matte, with a peripheral flow of protective fluid to protect the tuyeres against wear. The diluent, which may be argon or steam for example, dilutes the sulphur dioxide in the matte.

Method of refining mattes containing nickel

Chromium-containing steels are decarburised without substantial losses of chromium by blowing simultaneously into the molten steels, below the surface thereof, water vapor and a non-oxidising gas such as hydrogen, nitrogen, argon or helium. A triple feed tuyere is used, with the water vapor in the central or intermediate tube, and the non-oxidizing gas in the other inner tube, and with a protective fluid in the outer tube. The proportions of water vapor and non-oxidizing gas are selected so that the temperature of the steel bath is thereby controlled and also the desired decarburisation occurs without substantial chromium loss.

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Saint-Etienne, France

Jean Saleil