Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs

Isochem

Snpe

Durlin France

Chromadurlin

Jean-Pierre G Senet

Marc D Piteau

Thierry A Malfroot

Gerard Sennyey

Patricia P Gauthier

Roy A Olofson

Gerard Barcelo

Serge L Lecolier

Jacques Plazanet

Remy R Lippler

Claude G Passagne

Jean Martinez

Patrice M Le Roy

Bertrand Castro

Laurence Ferruccio

Jonathan T Martz

Hubert Bonnard

Mark P Bowman

Mahmoud Jaouadi

Gary Wooden

Paul J Caubere

Pierre Le Perchec

Sophie Thiebaud-Roux

Michel Burgard

Guy C Cagnon

Alain J Rollat

Patrick Wolf

Alain G Becuwe

Sophie Thiebaud Roux

Michel Denarie

Claude M Ucciani

Jean-Pierre L Cartier

Pascale De Caro

Julien C Deweerdt

Yves Robin

Fabrice Cornille

Vu A Dang

Philippe Gros

Daniel Guyot

Matthieu Bandres

Alain Deswartvaegher

Gérard Sennyey

Philippe Delabrouille

Denis Grenouillat

Pierre-Yves Le Roy

Alphonse Alarcon-Lorca

Jean-Luc Copier

Deng Min-Zhi

Jeannine Chodorge

Michel M Le Moult

Claude Rochelle

Annick Dabee

Guy Bertrand

Bernard Forestier

Géraldine Giacinti

Mathieu Bandres

Daniela Cristea

Sophie Miard

The use of at least one carbonate of natural origin as a plasticizer in a film-forming cosmetic composition comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, a film-forming polymer and a solvent medium.

Plasticizer of natural origin for nail polish

A method for the production of aliphatic fluoroformates, wherein carbonyl fluoride is made to react with aliphatic alcohol in the presence of sodium fluoride in ether at a temperature of &#x2212;20&#xb0; to 50&#xb0; C. The method is carried out using carbonyl fluoride obtained by reacting phosgene with surplus powdered sodium fluoride, whereby the grains thereof have a specific surface of 0.1 m/g or more and/or an average diameter of 20 &#x3bc;m or less, at a temperature ranging from 25&#xb0; to 120&#xb0; C. The method enables unstable fluoroformates such as tertiobutyl to be obtained with excellent yields.

Process for preparing aliphatic fluorofomates

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of N,N&prime;-carbonylbislactams by reaction of phosgene with at least one lactam which is characterized in that the tertiary amine is chosen from the group consisting of non-nucleophilic aliphatic tertiary amines. N,N&prime;-Carbonylbislactams of high purity are thus obtained with good yields, both in the laboratory and on the industrial scale.

Process for the preparation of N,N&prime;-carbonylbislactams

The disclosure relates to a process for the synthesis of substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic chloroformates by reaction of the corresponding alcohol with phosgene, diphosgene and/or triphosgene. The reaction is carried out under a pressure of between 15&times;10 Pa and 85&times;10 Pa and at a temperature of between &minus;30&deg; C. and &plus;50&deg; C. The process is particularly well suited to the preparation of menthyl chloroformate and benzyl chloroformate.

Process for the synthesis of aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic chloroformates

Process for preparation of fluoroformates

Process for the preparation of N-carboxyanhydrides

The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of acyl isocyanates which consists in reacting oxalyl chloride with an N-trialkylsilylcarboxamide or an N,N-bis(trialkylsilyl)carboxamide. The process makes it possible to obtain acyl isocyanates in good yield, in particular acyl isocyanates derived from aliphatic amides, and under simplified reaction conditions.

Method of preparing acylisocyanates

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of methyl 1,1-dichloromethyl ether or of ethyl 1,1-dichloromethyl ether, according to which methyl formate or ethyl formate is reacted with phosgene, diphosgene, triphosgene or oxalyl chloride or one of their mixtures, at a temperature of between 40.degree. C. and 100.degree. C., in the presence of a catalyst chosen from the group consisting of trisubstituted phosphine oxides and sulphides, trisubstituted phosphine dichlorides, formamides, the products of reaction of formamides with chlorinating agents and mixtures thereof. The 1,1-dichloromethyl ethers are obtained in a high purity. They are useful especially for performing the formylation of aromatic compounds.

Process for the preparation of methyl 1,1-dichloromethyl ether or of

Silica-based substrate surface-modified by grafting covalent links of organic polysubstituted guanidinium groups, and preferably polyakylguanidinium groups. These substrates can be obtained by reacting silica with a polyalkylguanidinium anion, the silanol residual groups of silica being optionally treated with hexamethyldisilazane to stabilize the substrates. These substrates can be used as chlorination and esterification catalysts.

Silica-based substrates modified by grafting of polyalkylguanidinium

The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 1-bromoalkyl hydrocarbyl carbonates. The carbonates according to the invention are prepared by reacting an alpha-chlorinated carbonate of formula ##STR1## with an anhydrous brominated compound of formula ZBr in which Z represents hydrogen, the group (CH.sub.3).sub.3 -Si-, the group ##STR2## or bromine if R.sub.2 is other than an aromatic radical, in the presence of a catalyst chosen from the group consisting of heteroaromatic amines, quaternary ammonium or phosphonium halides, hexasubstituted guanidinium halides, alkaline earth metal halides or alkali metal halides in combination with a complexing agent for their cation. The carbonates according to the invention find their preferential applications as blocking agents for some antibiotics or as agents for the synthesis of phosphorus-containing carbonates which can be used as insecticides.

Process for the manufacture of 1-bromoalkyl hydrocarbyl carbonates

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of chlorides of chlorinated carboxylic acids of formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.2 denotes the radical (CH.sub.2).sub.n, n being an integer from 2 to 4, or the radical --CH.sub.2 --C(C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.2 -- and R.sup.1 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which consists in reacting the lactones of formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the above meanings, with phosgene at a temperature of 90.degree. to 180.degree. C., while employing as catalysts trisubstituted phosphine oxides or sulphides. The process according to the invention makes it possible to obtain chlorides of chlorinated carboxylic acids of high purity which exhibit an excellent stability to light and to heat and which are very useful as synthesis intermediates.

Process for the preparation of chlorides of chlorinated carboxylic acids

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of acyl isocyanates of formula ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl radical, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl or phenyl radical or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic radical, which consists in reacting an acyl halide of formula ##STR2## in which R has the above meaning and X denotes a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom, with a sodium or potassium cyanate in the presence of a compound chosen from tin(IV), zinc or nickel(II) halides. The acyl isocyanates thus prepared are very useful for forming ureas or carbamates.

Process for the preparation of acyl isocyanates

The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of chlorides of carboxylic acids by reaction of tetrachloroethylene carbonate with a carboxylic acid of formula R(COOH).sub.n at a temperature of between 80.degree. and 160.degree. C. The radical R may be very diverse and n is an integer which can take the values 1 to 4. A solvent is not necessary. A catalyst may be employed. Acyl chlorides of a high purity are obtained.

Process for the preparation of chlorides of carboxylic acids

The invention relates to carbonates of formula: ##STR1## in which X is a fluorine, chlorine or bromine atom and R.sup.1 is different from the ##STR2## group and represents: a substituted or non-substituted, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic, araliphatic, primary, secondary, tertiary or cycloaliphatic radical. These .alpha.-chlorinated carbonates are prepared by the action of a compound of formula R.sup.1 OH on a chloroformate of formula: ##STR3## in a solvent medium in the presence of an acid scavenger which is added after the two preceding compounds. They are used to block the amine function of amino acids. The .alpha.-chlorinated carbonate and amino acid are reacted in a solvent medium at a temperature of -5.degree. to 100.degree. C. in the presence of an acid scavenger. Blocked amines are very useful in peptide synthesis.

.alpha.-chlorinated carbonates, their method of manufacture and

The invention relates to a new process for preparing active esters or carboyxlic acids, which consists in reacting a carboxylic acid, in the presence of an agent for binding hydrohalic acid, with a carbonate of formula: ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 denotes either a radical of formula ##STR2## in which R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be identical or different, are not hydrogen atoms and denote organic radicals which may be substituted or unsubstituted and saturated or unsaturated, and may or may not be bound to a polymer, and which can be joined together to form a hetero-cyclic system with the nitrogen, atom,

Process for synthesizing active esters of carboxylic acids, new

Growing community of inventors

Melun, France

Jean-Pierre G Senet