Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.a.

Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin

Conception Et Developpement Michelin S.a.

Michelin Et Cie

Michelin Recherche Et Technique

Michelin Recherche Et Techniques S.a.

Michelin Recherche & Technique

Societe Detechnologie Michelin

Jean-Paul Meraldi

Rima Huston

Antonio Delfino

Vlastimil Cizek

Jean-Claude Aubry

Philippe Esnault

Joel Ribiere

Milan Fedurco

Wendelin Jan Stark

Robert Nikolaus Grass

Henri Hinc

Fernand Genoud

François Pozo

Richard Herault

Vlastimik Cizek

Jean-Jacques Almon

Denis Martin

Jean-Michel Huyghe, Jr

Laurent Bucher

Thibault Rapenne

Andr&euml; Schneider

Jo&euml;l Ribiere

Andre Schneider

Antoine Virdis

Jool Ribiere

Fabio Urso

Antoine Verdis

Alain Parfondry

Gabriel Limat

A monofilament made of glass-resin composite has improved properties in compression, in particular at high temperature, and comprises glass filaments embedded in a crosslinked resin. The glass transition temperature of the resin is equal to or greater than 190&#xb0; C. The elongation at break of the monofilament, measured at 23&#xb0; C., is equal to or greater than 4.0%. The initial tensile modulus of the monofilament, measured at 23&#xb0; C., is greater than 35 GPa. The real part of the complex modulus of the monofilament, measured at 190&#xb0; C. by the DMTA method, is greater than 30 GPa. Pneumatic or non-pneumatic tires are reinforced with such a composite monofilament.

GRC (glass-resin composite) monofilament

A threadlike metallic or metallized reinforcer, for example a thread, film, tape or cord made of carbon steel, at the periphery of which is positioned a layer of metal referred to as 'surface metal' chosen from copper, nickel and copper/nickel alloys, is characterized in that this surface metal layer is itself coated, at least in part, with at least one layer of graphene; preferably, there is grafted, to this graphene, at least one functional group which can crosslink to a polymer matrix. This reinforcer of the invention is effectively protected from corrosion by virtue of the graphene present at the surface; advantageously, it can be adhesively bonded directly, without adhesion primer or addition of metal salt, to an unsaturated rubber matrix, such as natural rubber, by virtue of the possible functionalization of this graphene.

Metallic or metallized, graphenized reinforcement

A process for depositing, with forward progression, graphene on the surface of a metallic or metallized continuous reinforcer, at the periphery of which is positioned a layer of surface metal chosen from copper, nickel and copper/nickel alloys, comprises at least one stage of flame spray pyrolysis ('FSP'), under a reducing atmosphere, of a carbon precursor which generates, in the flame, at least one carbon-based gas such as carbon monoxide which is sprayed onto the surface of the reinforcer in forward progression, and is decomposed thereon to form one or more graphene layers at the surface of the surface metal; an additional stage of graphene functionalization makes it possible to adhere the reinforcer to a polymer matrix such as rubber.

Surface graphenization of a metallic or metallized reinforcement by flame spray pyrolysis

A bead wire for a tire includes a core, an outer layer, and at least one intermediate layer. The core includes at least one yarn of a multifilament textile fiber embedded in an organic matrix. The outer layer includes an outer-layer metal wire wound around the core. Each intermediate layer includes an intermediate-layer metal wire wound around the core. Each intermediate layer is disposed between the core and the outer layer.

Lighter hybrid bead wire for tyre

Non-pneumatic resilient wheel (), that is supported structurally and defines three perpendicular directions, circumferential (X), axial (Y) and radial (Z). The wheel comprises a hub (); an annular band referred to a shear band () comprising at least one inner circumferential membrane () and one outer circumferential membrane () that are oriented in the circumferential direction X; and a plurality of support elements () that connect the hub () to the inner circumferential membrane (). The two membranes () are connected to one another, in zones () referred to as anchoring zones, by means of a series (A,B,C), that extends in the circumferential direction (X), of cylinder structures () referred to as connecting cylindrical structures that are non-touching in the circumferential direction X. Each connecting cylindrical structure () comprises a plurality of elementary cylinders () having their generatrix oriented along the axial direction Y, said elementary cylinders being fitted one inside the other and interconnected to one another in each anchoring zone ().

Non-pneumatic resilient tire

A laminated product () that forms a deformable cellular structure, comprising: an upper band () and a lower band () both oriented in the same main direction (X); and between the two bands and connecting the latter in zones () referred to anchoring zones, a series (A,B,C) that extends in the direction X, of cylindrical structures () referred to connecting cylindrical structures that are non-touching in the direction X. Each connecting cylindrical structure () comprises a plurality of preferably concentric elementary cylinders () having their generatrix oriented along an axis Y perpendicular to the direction X, said elementary cylinders being fitted one inside the other and interconnected to one another in each anchoring zone (). Said elementary cylinders are especially composite cylinders comprising fibers embedded in a resin matrix. Such a laminated product can be used as an elastic beam having a high resistance to flexural/compressive stresses and having a high endurance to such repeated or alternated stresses, in particular as a shear band in a non-pneumatic resilient wheel.

Composite laminate product

A process for manufacturing a composite block of closed geometry, in the form of a continuous ring, based on fibers and on a crosslinkable resin, by continuous winding and superposition of several layers of a tape of reinforcement fibers embedded in a matrix based on a composition comprising a crosslinkable resin. The process comprises from upstream to downstream, the following steps: producing a rectilinear arrangement () of reinforcement fibers () and conveying this arrangement in a feed direction (F); degassing the arrangement () of fibers by the action of a vacuum (); after degassing, impregnating said arrangement () of fibers under vacuum with said resin composition in the liquid state (); passing the pre-preg thus obtained through a die () to make said pre-preg into the form of a tape () composed of reinforcement fibers () in their liquid resin () matrix, the thickness of said tape being less than 0.5 mm; depositing the tape () onto a support () dictating the final shape of the composite block and winding said tape () around said support (), unidirectionally, by superposition of a predetermined number Nc of layers of said tape () in order to directly form said continuous ring on said support, Nc being less than 15; and once the continuous ring has thus been formed, subjecting the liquid resin to an at least partial polymerization () in order to stabilize said ring before removing it from its support ().

Process for manufacturing a composite ring

Non-pneumatic resilient wheel (), that is supported structurally and defines three perpendicular directions, circumferential (X), axial (Y) and radial (Z), this wheel comprising: a hub (); an annular band referred to as a shear band () comprising at least one inner circumferential membrane () and one outer circumferential membrane () that are oriented in the circumferential direction X; and a plurality of support elements () that connect the hub () to the inner circumferential membrane ()U. The two membranes () are connected to one another by means of a series, that extends in the circumferential direction (X), of cylinders () referred to as connection cylinders, said connection cylinders () being non-touching in the circumferential direction X and having their generatrix oriented in the axial direction Y. The connection cylinders () are composite cylinders comprising fibers embedded in a resin matrix.

Non-pneumatic elastic wheel

Composite laminated product () that forms a deformable cellular structure includes an upper band () and a lower band () both oriented in the same main direction (X) between the two bands () and connecting the latter, a series extends in the direction X, of cylinders () referred to as connection cylinders. The connection cylinders () are non-touching in the direction X and having their generatrix oriented along an axis Y perpendicular to the direction X. The connection cylinders are composite cylinders including fibers embedded in a resin matrix. Such a laminated product can be used as an elastic beam having a high resistance to flexural/compressive stresses and having a high endurance to such repeated or alternated stresses, in particular as a shear band in a non-pneumatic resilient wheel.

Composite laminated product

A process for manufacturing a composite block of closed geometry, in the form of a continuous ring, based on reinforcing fibres and on a cross-linkable resin, by continuously winding in superposition a predetermined number Nc of layers of a tape of the reinforcing fibres embedded in a matrix based on a composition comprising the cross-linkable resin, the method comprising, from the upstream end downstream, the steps of: forming a tape made of the reinforcing fibres, the thickness of the tape being between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm; depositing the tape on a support that dictates the final shape of the composite block, and winding the tape onto the support, in a single direction, by superposing the number Nc of layers in order directly to form the continuous ring on the support, Nc being less than 15.

Method and device for the manufacture of a composite ring

An apparatus for manufacturing an elongate composite element in undefined lengths, the composite element containing reinforcement fibers embedded in a matrix based on a composition containing a curable resin, including a vacuum chamber, rigid-walled inlet tubing, an impregnation chamber, rigid-walled transfer tubing between the vacuum chamber and the impregnation chamber, a sizing die and, downstream of the sizing die, irradiation tubes providing radiation in the ultraviolet-visible spectrum to prepolymerize the resin.

Continuous impregnation of long fibers with resin for manufacturing elongate composite elements

A tire, in particular an elastomeric pneumatic tire, reinforced by lengths of a monofilament elongate composite element of long glass fibers impregnated in a thermoset resin having a glass transition temperature Tgreater than 130&#xb0; C., in which the fibers are all parallel to each other, the elongate composite element having, under a bending stress an elastic deformation in compression of at least 2%, in flexion a breaking stress in compression greater than the breaking stress in extension.

Tire reinforced by an elongate composite element of the monofilament type, and such element

The invention concerns a coagulating agent for liquid crystal solutions with a base of cellulose substances, characterised in that it contains at least one water soluble additive selected from the group consisting of ammonia, amines of salt of these compounds, the additive being such that the pH of the said coagulating agent is greater than 6. A preferable additive is a salt elected from the group consisting of ammonium formates, acetates and phosphates, mixed salts of these compounds, or mixtures of these constituents, in particular diammonium orthophosphates (NH4) HPO4. The invention also concerns a method for spinning a liquid crystal solution with a base of cellulose substances, using a coagulating agent as per the invention, in particular the method called the &ldquo;dry-jet-wet-spinning&rdquo; as well as spun articles, fibers or films, obtained by these methods. The invention further concerns a cellulose fiber having toughness higher than 40 cN/tex, an initial modulus of elasticity higher than 1200 cN/tex and high fatigue strength: its breaking load degeneration &Dgr;F after 350 fatigue cycles in the so-called &ldquo;specimen test&rdquo;, under a compression rate of 3.5% and a tensile stress of 0.25 cN/tex, is less than 30%.

Growing community of inventors

Zurich, Switzerland

Jean-Paul Meraldi