Rhone-poulenc Chimie

Rhodia Chimie

Jean-Michel Popa

Michel Gubelmann

Michel Costantini

Jean-Louis Guth

Michel Alas

Claude Doussain

Laurent Gilbert

Claude Mercier

Philippe-Jean Tirel

Roland Jacquot

Henri Kessler

Eric Garcin

Jean-Pierre Lecomte

Bernard Pacaud

Claude-Bernard Cartier

Frederique Hoffner

Alain Aubry

Helene Pernot

Jean-Luc Guth

Anne C Faust

Annie Lopez

Jean-Marc LeClercq

Philipe-Jean Tirel

Michel Constantini

A process for producing anhydrides by passing a solution of the acid, preferably an organic polyacid, which is to undergo anhydridation over an acidified clay and a process for producing the catalysts therefor.

Process for producing acid anhydrides

Intermetallic ruthenium tin-catalyst for use in aldehyde synthesis

Calcined silica/oxide zeolites, characteristically MFI stannozeosilites or zirconozeosilites, well adopted for catalyzing the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 hydroxylation of phenols or phenol ethers, have the formula (I):

Stannozeosilite/zirconozeosilite zeolites and catalytic hydroxylation of

Highly microporous zirconia particulates having pore sizes of an average diameter of less than 20 .ANG. (2 nm), well adapted as catalysts and catalyst supports, are prepared by thermohydrolyzing a zirconium salt, separating the resulting precipitate from the medium of thermohydrolysis and then calcining such precipitate, and wherein an anion more covalent than the hydroxyl anion, e.g., a nitrate, sulfate, phosphate or carboxylate, is incorporated into such precipitate upstream of the calcination thereof.

Catalytic microporous zirconia particulates

Process for producing itaconic anhydride

The phenols and phenol ethers are hydroxylated by reaction with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a titanozeosilite, advantageously a silicon oxide/titanium oxide MFI zeolite having the general formula:

Hydroxylation of phenols/phenol ethers

MFI zeolites based on silicon oxide and, optionally, the oxides of titanium, germanium, zirconium and/or tin, are produced by (1) heating an aqueous, homogeneous reaction mixture which comprises (a) an M.sub.2/n SiF.sub.6 complex (I), wherein M is a cation of valency n, optionally, at least one M.sub.2/n T'F.sub.6 complex (II), wherein T' is titanium, zirconium, germanium and/or tin, (b) a reagent providing OH. ions by hydrothermal decomposition and a structuring agent (c), e.g., a tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium compound, whereby a zeolite precipitate is formed therein, and (2) separating and calcining such precipitate to eliminate structuring agent from the pores and channels of the resulting zeolite.

Production of silica-based MFI zeolites

Novel aluminum bridged clays having an interfoliate spacing of at least 1 nm, well adapted as catalysts/catalyst supports, are prepared by (a) controlledly introducing an aqueous solution of a hydroxide base into an aqueous reaction medium containing suspended clay particulates and a dissolved aluminum salt, at a rate and for such period of time that the ratio of the concentration [C] of the base, in moles of OH.sup.- and expressed in moles/liter, to the duration (h) of introducing such OH.sup.- values, expressed in hours, is at least 0.1, and (b) recovering the reaction product bridged clay thus produced (and optionally drying/lyophilizing and/or calcining same).

Aluminum bridged clays

The phenols and phenol ethers are economically and efficiently hydroxylated using hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a bridged clay, e.g., a zeolite or smectite.

The phenols and phenol ethers, e.g., phenol itself, are effectively hydroxylated by reacting hydrogen peroxide therewith, in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of titanium dioxide.

The invention relates to chemical compounds and their use as catalysts in the solvolysis of alkyl halides. The chemical compounds, when dry, have formula (I):

Chemical compound containing alkali metals or alkaline earth metals,

Novel MFI zeolites based on the oxides of silicon and titanium, well adapted as selective adsorbents, catalysts and catalyst supports, have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein x ranges from about 0.1 to 6.

Silicon/titanium oxide MFI zeolites

Phenol/substituted phenols are prepared by directly hydroxylating an aromatic substrate with nitrous oxide, in vapor phase, in the presence of a modified (acidified) ZSM-5 or ZSM-11 zeolite, containing such elements as Ga, Fe, B, In, Cr, Sc, Co, Ni, Be, Zn, Cu, Sb, As or V.

Preparation of phenols by direct N.sub.2 O hydroxylation of aromatic

Phenols/phenol ethers are hydroxylated by reaction with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of a calcined germanozeosilite MFI zeolite.

Dinitrotoluenes are prepared by reacting mononitrotoluene(s) with nitric acid, in liquid phase, in the presence of an inorganic and acidic solid including at least one component selected from among orthophosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, a metal dihydrogen phosphate, a metal hydrogen phosphate, a metal orthophosphate or a metal pyrophosphate, such metal cations having from 1 to 5 positive charges.

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Drancy, France

Jean-Michel Popa