International Business Machines Corporation

Cisco Technology, Inc.

Jean-Claude Dispensa

Jean-Marc Berthaud

Pascal Chauffour

Valerie Mahe

Frederic J Bauchot

Gerard Marmigere

Denis Esteve

Francois-Xavier Drouet

Arnaud Lund

Lionel Denecheau

Dominique Picard

Philippe Gregoire

Pascal Thubert

Philippe Klein

Alexandre Jay

Christophe Jourdet

Jean-Philippe Loison

Amaud Lund

Cesca Beaulieu

Routers split and share routing information among several routers within a group of routers acting as a single border router in an Internet protocol (IP) network, each router comprising a routing table. A router of the group selects routes in the routing table of the router; requests other routers of the group to replace, in their routing tables, each selected route with the router as next hop; associates parts of-non selected routes, each one with another router of the group; and removes and replaces, in the routing table, each-non selected route associated with a router of the group by the associated router as next hop.

Splitting and sharing routing information among several routers acting as a single border router

An approach for generating optimal itineraries based on network connectivity is presented. A computer receives a first message from which a current position of a vehicle on a trip, destination, a service being requested for a mobile device in the vehicle, service providers and network(s) are extracted. Network connectivity measures are retrieved and signal qualities in respective cells are determined based on the network connectivity measures. Based on the signal qualities, an itinerary is determined as paths and a hop indicating a position on one of the paths at which a connectivity change from a first to a second service provider is to occur. A response to the first message indicates the itinerary. Sending the response results in the mobile device making the connectivity change when the vehicle reaches the position indicated by the hop.

Generating optimal itineraries based on network connectivity

An approach for generating optimal itineraries is presented. As a response to a first message sent to a remote computer system by a global positioning device transported by a vehicle on a trip, the device receives a second message indicating optimal itineraries of the trip. The device receives a selection of an optimal itinerary indicating a path, a hop, an updated service provider to provide a service to a mobile device transported by the vehicle, and an updated network for providing the service. The device detects the vehicle at a position indicated by the hop, and in response, generates a third message indicating the updated service provider and the updated network. The global positioning device sends the third message to the mobile device and as a result, the mobile device makes a connectivity change to the updated service provider and/or to the updated network.

An approach for preventing unauthorized card transactions is presented. An authorization record including an authorized geographic location and an authorized period of time is received from a travel reservation system (TRS) and stored to dynamically update a profile table that stores other authorization records. The authorization record identifies an itinerary specified by travel booking(s) purchased via the TRS using a debit or credit card. The itinerary specifies that the cardholder is scheduled to be in the authorized geographic location for the authorized period of time. In response to receiving a request for an authorization of a card transaction, a location and date associated with the card transaction are retrieved from the request. The card transaction is rejected based on a determination that the retrieved location is not within authorized geographic locations included in the stored authorization records that have authorized time periods that include the retrieved date.

Preventing an unauthorized card transaction

A method, system, and computer program product for splitting and sharing routing information among several routers within a group of routers acting as a single border router in an Internet protocol (IP) network, each router comprising a routing table. The method, for use in a router of the group, comprises the steps of: selecting routes in the routing table of the router; requesting other routers of the group to replace, in their routing tables, each selected route with the router as next hop; associating at least part of-non selected routes, each one with another router of the group; and removing and replacing, in the routing table, each-non selected route associated with a router of the group by the associated router as next hop.

A method and system for preventing unauthorized card transactions via dynamic itinerary-driven profiling. Authorization record(s) including authorized geographic locations and authorized periods of time are received from a travel reservation system (TRS). The authorization record(s) identify an itinerary specified by a travel booking(s) purchased via the TRS using a debit or credit card. The itinerary specifies that the cardholder is scheduled to be in the authorized geographic locations for the authorized periods of time. In response to receiving a request for an authorization of a card transaction, a location and date associated with the card transaction are retrieved from the request. The card transaction is rejected based on a determination that the retrieved location is not within the authorized geographic locations and/or the retrieved date is not within the authorized periods of time. A notification of the retrieved location and retrieved date is logged and displayed.

Dynamic itinerary-driven profiling for preventing unauthorized card transactions

A method and a system. A Medium Access Control (MAC) frame includes an embedded Internet Protocol (IP) frame and a MAC address. The IP frame includes content of a second multimedia program and a second multicast address of the second multimedia program, the MAC address having been resolved from the second multicast address. The second multicast address is determined to be linked to a first multicast address of a first multimedia program of a television channel being played at a user host. The IP frame is forwarded from the MAC frame to an IP layer where the second multicast address is ascertained to be a multicast sub group address of the first multimedia program and is replaced in the IP frame with the first multicast address, after which the IP frame is transmitted to the user host to replace or be inserted into the first multimedia program being played.

Method and system for personalizing a multimedia program broadcasted through IP network

A method of synchronizing firewalls in a communication system comprising a server farm wherein any user connected to the Internet can access customer servers, and at least two firewalls using a Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) to set up as primary interface firewall the firewall which owns the primary interface of the VRRP group of interfaces to at least one customer server. The method includes initializing, in a secondary interface firewall, a synchronization message exchange with the primary firewall after receiving a packet for a connection having a state which is incompatible with the received packet or after the standard firewall processing of a packet corresponding to a new connection, and registering in a common connection table the state of any connection if the connection is new or if the connection state has changed.

Method of synchronizing firewalls in a communication system based upon a server farm

In a network having nodes, N nodes are members of a virtual communications ring for multicast communication among the N Nodes, each of the N Nodes being associated with only an upstream and a downstream one of the other N nodes. One of the N nodes manages changes in ring membership, including requesting the others of the N nodes to participate in measuring distances to a N+1th, node responsive to receiving an insertion request message. The manager node inserts the N+1th node in the communications ring responsive to receiving replies, which includes inserting the N+1th node in a selected location between two selected ones of the N Nodes, such that the N nodes and the N+1th node are enabled to multicast messages around the ring. Due to the selected location of the N+1th node, communication distances for multicasted messages tend to be shorter than such distances that would otherwise occur.

System, computer program product and method in a node for optimizing the topology of a virtual ring based upon a TCP/IP network

In a network having nodes, N nodes are members of a virtual communications ring for multicast communication among the N nodes, each of the N nodes being associated with only an upstream and a downstream one of the other N nodes. One of the N nodes manages changes in ring membership, including requesting the others of the N nodes to participate in measuring distances to a N+1th, node responsive to receiving an insertion request message. The manager node inserts the N+1th node in the communications ring responsive to receiving replies, which includes inserting the N+1th node in a selected location between two selected ones of the N nodes, such that the N nodes and the N+1th node are enabled to multicast messages around the ring. Due to the selected location of the N+1th node, communication distances for muticasted messages tend to be shorter than such distances that would otherwise occur.

System and method for optimizing the topology of a virtual ring based upon a TCP/IP network

A method of preserving symmetrical routing in a communication system comprising a server farm connected to the Internet through an Internet access router. The server farm includes at least two customer cabinets with at least a WEB server and at least two firewalls. The firewalls use a Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) to set up one firewall as being the primary firewall. The method includes checking in each firewall whether there is a change of the VRRP state from primary to secondary or reciprocally. Such a change indicates that a link between the primary firewall and one of the customer cabinets has failed. The link is disabled from the network to the firewall the state of which has changed from primary to secondary or the link is enabled from the Internet network to the firewall the state of which has changed from secondary to primary.

Preserving symmetrical routing in a communication system based upon a server farm

Method of preserving symmetrical routing in a communication system based upon a server farm

A method of preserving symmetrical routing in a communication system comprising a server farm connected to the Internet by an Internet access router IAR. The server farm includes at least two customer cabinets each having a WEB server, and at least two firewalls. The firewalls use Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) to set up a primary firewall that supports communication between a customer server and an Internet user. The IAR selects the firewall to be used as being the firewall corresponding to the interface having the lowest weight in a routing table. The cost assigned to each interface associated with a firewall is automatically generated, at the initial time, according to the priority assigned by the VRRP protocol to said interface associated with said firewall.

A communication system speeds up digital traffic between nodes. The traffic is organized into data frames flowing over network high and low speed links attached to entry and exit ports of the nodes. Low speed modules connect the low speed links to a high speed switch. Router dispatch modules connect the high speed switch to a node attached to a high speed link for forwarding each data frame toward a dynamically selected target low speed module via the high speed switch, such that the dynamic selection of the target low speed module is based on detection of the module with the least load. At least one main router is attached to the high speed switch for storing a routing table to enable the targeted low speed module to orient one of the frames toward a right node exit port.

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Saint Jeannet, France

Jean-Claude Dispensa