International Business Machines Corporation

Jayashree Subrahmonia

Michael Peter Perrone

Eugene Henry Ratzlaff

Noshir Cavas Wadia

John Ferdinand Pitrelli

James Robert Lewis

Krishna Sundaram Nathan

Paul Turquand Keyser

Peng Ye

Balakrishna Raghavendra Iyer

Kerry Alan Ortega

Rahul Jain

James Randal Moulic

Huifang Wang

Hansjorg Zeller

Enzo Cialini

Gregory Fraser Russell

Thomas Yu-Kiu Kwok

Kenneth Blair Ocheltree

Luis J Ostdiek

Laura Myers Haas

David Andrew Sawin

Catherine Cuong Diep

Paul Robert Carini

Jeffrey S Schaffer

Rekha Devi Garapati

Ron Van Buskirk

Satya Dharanipragada

Allen William Luniewski

Lawrence Shun-mok Hsiung

Julia E Maners

Cynthia Ferne Craine

Techniques are provided for automating allocation of resources based on business decisions. An impact of a business decision is quantified in terms of information technology (IT) metrics. The resources that may be needed to address the impact are estimated. The estimated resources are provisioned.

Integrating performance, sizing, and provisioning techniques with a business process

Techniques are provided for allocating resources. Performance metrics for a transaction are received. It is determined whether one or more service level objectives are being violated based on the received performance metrics. In response to determining that the one or more service level objectives are being violated, additional resources are allocated to the transaction. In response to allocating the additional resources, a resource allocation event is published.

Peer to peer resource negotiation and coordination to satisfy a service level objective

An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for provisioning database resource within a grid database system. The apparatus comprises an analysis module and a provision module. The analysis module analyzes a data query stream from an application to a database instance and determines that the data query stream exhibits a predetermined performance attribute. The provision module provisions a database resource in response to a determination that the data query stream exhibits the predetermined performance attribute. The provisioned database resource may be a database instance, a database server, or a cache. The provisioning of the new database resource advantageously is substantially transparent to a client on the database system.

Apparatus, system, and method for database provisioning

The techniques in the present invention allow both text and handwritten queries, and the queries can be single-word or multiword. Generally, each handwritten word in a handwritten document is converted to a document stack of words, where each document stack contains a list of text words and a word score of some type for each text word in the list. The query is also converted to one or more stacks of words. A measure is determined from each query and document stack. Documents that meet search criteria in the query are then selected based on the query and the values of the measures. The present invention also performs multiple recognitions, with multiple recognizers, on a handwritten document to create multiple recognized transcriptions of the document. The multiple transcriptions are used for document retrieval. In another embodiment, a single transcription is created from the multiple transcriptions, and the single transcription is used for document retrieval.

Retrieving handwritten documents using multiple document recognizers and techniques allowing both typed and handwritten queries

In one aspect of the present invention, page breaks are identified in the following manner. A set of ink data and a document description are processed by a variety of scoring methods, each of which generates a score for each possible insertion point in the ink. These scores are combined to produce a ranked list of hypothesized page breaks for the corresponding ink data. This ranked list is then used either to insert page breaks automatically using a predefined threshold to determine a cut-off in the list; or to present, on-line, to a human for verification/approval; or a mixture of the two based on two thresholds: one for automatic insertion and the other for human verification. It is to be understood not all scoring methods need be used, that is, one or more of the scoring methods may be used as needed.

Methods and apparatus for automatic page break detection

Several methods, and related apparatus, are provided for the entry of formatted ink data (i.e., electronic ink) such that individual items in the data may be parsed and recognized more effectively. Each method allows users to enter formatted ink data in-line, which can then be recognized with constraints and parsed for use in other application programs or databases. In addition, a method is provided for allowing user-specialization of any of these entry methods (or other similar) methods. Note that in any of these methods, the user may send the formatted ink either to the default ink-processing application, or else directly to another application or database.

Methods and apparatus for formatted entry of electronic ink

A system and method for automatically providing quality assurance for user enrollment in a recognition system. Advantageously, the quality a new enrollment (i.e., a newly trained user-dependent prototype) is assessed before the new enrollment is accepted in place of a current enrollment. This quality check is performed by decoding stored user test data using the new enrollment, comparing the decoding results of the new enrollment to the known script used to generate the test data to obtain an accuracy score for the new enrollment, and then comparing the accuracy score for the new enrollment with an accuracy score of a previous qualified enrollment (or, in the case where there is no previous, qualified enrollment, to the accuracy of the speaker independent model). If the decoding results of the new enrollment are acceptable, the new enrollment will be used for recognition; otherwise it will be rejected and discarded.

System and method for automatic quality assurance of user enrollment in a recognition system

Methods and apparatus for the processing, archival and retrieval of multiple data streams that are captured by multiple input modalities. A processing method preferably transforms the captured data into a form that is acceptable for the compatible archival method.

Method and apparatus for archival and retrieval of multiple data streams

A data recognition system and method which allows a user to select between a &ldquo;default recognition&rdquo; mode and a &ldquo;constrained recognition&rdquo; mode via a user interface. In the default recognition mode, a recognition engine utilizes predetermined default recognition parameters to decode data (e.g., handwriting and speech). In the constrained recognition mode, the user can select one or more of a plurality of recognition constraints which temporarily modify the default recognition parameters to decode uncharacteristic and/or special data. The recognition parameters associated with the selected constraint enable the recognition engine to utilize specific information to decode the special data, thereby providing increased recognition accuracy.

System and method for providing user-directed constraints for handwriting recognition

System and methods for visually displaying page information in a handwriting recording device such as a personal digital notepad (PDN) device, in which constraints exist which limit the size of a user interface display (e.g. LCD). Various methods allow a user to view detailed page information by selecting one or more available display modes which display the selected information using one or more dynamic icons. In addition, the user can view (via the display) selected portions of handwriting content of a given electronic page, thereby affording the user the opportunity to synchronize the stored handwriting data with the handwritten text.

System and method for displaying page information in a personal digital notepad

An apparatus and method for providing improved data classification and, in particular, an apparatus and method for improved handwriting data recognition which enables handwriting recognition devices to robustly handle and recover from the problems associated with the omission of characters from collected handwriting samples. In one aspect, a data classification apparatus comprises: means for inputting a plurality of data, the plurality of data including one of data to be recognized, generic data and user-specific data; means for augmenting the user-specific data with the generic data to generate augmented user-specific data; means for training the data classification apparatus with the augmented user-specific data to generate training data; and means for recognizing the data to be recognized in accordance with the training data.

Apparatus and method for augmenting data in handwriting recognition system

A method of training a writer dependent handwriting recognition system with handwriting samples of a specific writer comprises the steps of: capturing the handwriting samples of the specific writer; segmenting the handwriting samples of the specific writer; initializing handwriting models associated with the specific writer from the segmented handwriting samples; and refining the initialized handwriting models associated with the specific writer to generate writer dependent handwriting models for use by the writer dependent handwriting recognition system. Preferably, the method also comprises the step of repeating the refining step until the writer dependent handwriting models yield recognition results substantially satisfying a predetermined accuracy threshold.

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White Plains, NY, United States of America

Jayashree Subrahmonia