Nokia Corporation

Nokia Mobile Phones Limited

Magic Leap, Inc.

Jari Turunen

Marko Parikka

Markku Kuittinen

Toni Jarvenpaa

Jyrki Kimmel

Jan Eskolin

Jyrki Saarinen

Seppo Honkanen

Toni Järvenpää

A method including forming a substrate to form a template which includes areas of high relief and areas of low relief; and forming a high refractive index diffraction grating in the template by adding high refractive index material to the template to form a continuous low relief surface. The high refractive index material fills the areas of low relief and covers the areas of high relief of the template to form a high refractive index diffraction grating. The high refractive index diffraction grating includes the high refractive index material configured to have a low relief side corresponding to the continuous low relief surface and configured by the template to have a periodic side including areas of high relief and areas of low relief which periodically alternate in the first direction with the first periodicity and are interconnected by the high refractive index material.

Compound diffraction grating and method of manufacture

A light pipe includes a light input end and a diffractive structure. The diffractive structure includes elongated formations having diffractive properties for coupling light out from the light pipe to provide backlighting of a flat-panel display. The elongated formations are curved, the curvature being dependent on the location of a light source at the light input end.

Backlighting light pipe for illuminating a flat-panel display

A light pipe includes a surface provided with a pattern that has diffractive properties, where the pattern has uniform, mutually different areas on the surface such that some of the areas are configured to distribute light from a light input end of the light pipe to form macroscopically uniform distribution of light and some other areas are configured to couple light out from the light pipe in order to produce lighting, and where the relative proportion of surface covered by areas configured to distribute light is arranged to decrease in relation to increase of distance from the light input end.

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an optical coupling arrangement, and a specific coupling arrangement. A substrate waveguide () and at least one coupling element () in the coupling arrangement are made of polymer material in the same replication process at the same time. At least one diffractive coupling element () is then formed in the polymer material by placing the polymer material against a replication mould, which comprises a surface profile model of at least one diffractive coupling element () that is patterned into the replication mould by means of micro lithography.

Optical coupling arrangement

The invention relates to a new light pipe () for providing backlighting () of a flat-panel display () by means of at least one light source so that the light pipe has at least one surface which comprises patterns. The patterns have diffraction properties for conducting the light in the direction of the display, and the patterns comprise uniform, mutually different areas having a certain distribution on the surface of the light pipe. The local outcoupling efficiency of the light pipe depends on the characteristic properties of the patterns, which are dependent on the distance to the light source or its wavelength.

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Onttola, Finland

Jari Turunen