Metso Power Oy

Teknologian Tutkimuskeskus Vtt Oy

Valmet Technologies Oy

Valmet Power Oy

Jani Lehto

Timo Honkola

Kari Kuukkanen

Pekka Jokela

Markku Raiko

Hannu Minkkinen

Mikko Anttila

Tuomo Hilli

Pasi Salonen

Tero Luomaharju

Christian Lindfors

Juha Mannila

Sampo Ratinen

Ismo Hirvonen

Erkki Välimäki

Anja Oasmaa

Kristin Onarheim

Yrjo Solantausta

Yrjö Solantausta

A method and apparatus for thermolysing organic material. The method comprises steps of: A) feeding the material in a single-screw extruder (), the extruder comprising —a cylindrical rotor member () having diameter (D) and length (L) and comprising a feeding zone (), —the rotor member () arranged in a barrel (), —the cylindrical surface of the rotor member () carrying cavity/cavities and/or projection(s) () arranged in helically extending rows, —the helically extending row(s) of the rotor member () having a pitch (P) and depth (d) in the feeding zone () of the rotor member, wherein —the relation of the depth (d) to the diameter (D) of the rotor member, i.e. d:D, is not more than 1:20, and —the relation of the pitch (P) of the rotor member to the diameter (D) of the rotor member, i.e. P:D, is not more than 1:4, B) heating the material in the single-screw extruder () to a flowable state, and C) thermolysing the material.

Method of carrying out thermolysis and thermolysis apparatus

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for producing a pyrolysis product, in which raw material are fed to the pyrolysis reactor and gaseous pyrolysis product fractions and by-product fractions are formed from raw material by pyrolysis in a pyrolysis reactor. According to the invention the method comprising steps: combusting at least one by-product fraction from the pyrolysis reactor in at least two combustors, and recovering energy formed in the combustor.

Method for producing a pyrolysis product

The invention relates to a method of carrying out pyrolysis process in a pyrolysis reactor for solid fuel to produce pyrolysis oil. The method comprises supplying solid fuel into a drying zone in the pyrolysis reactor for removing moisture containing gases, drying the solid fuel in the drying zone and extracting the moisture containing gases removed from the solid fuel out of the pyrolysis reactor, passing the dried solid fuel from the drying zone to the pyrolysis zone of the pyrolysis reactor, pyrolyzing the dried solid fuel for separating pyrolysis gases from the dried solid fuel and conducting the pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor to a condenser for producing pyrolysis oil.

Method of carrying out pyrolysis and pyrolysis apparatus

The invention relates to a method and equipment for treatment of black liquor at a pulp mill in order to recover chemicals and energy contained therein. In the invention, the black liquor is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis reactor (), the formed gaseous components are forwarded for utilization and the solids are mixed with water, whereby the formed solids are returned to a lime burning kiln () and the sodium-hydroxide-containing liquid is returned to the pulp cooking process.

Method and equipment for treatment of black liquor at pulp mill

Disclosed herein is an apparatus and a method for producing a pyrolysis liquid, wherein the pyrolysis liquid is formed by means of pyrolysis from a raw material by forming, and a pyrolysis reactor, a gaseous pyrolysis product by pyrolysis and condensing it in a condenser into a pyrolysis liquid, and feeding circulation gas into the pyrolysis reactor. The circulation gas is conducted by a liquid ring compressor into the pyrolysis reactor and purified before being conducted into the pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis liquid is used as the liquid layer in the liquid ring compressor.

Method and apparatus for producing a pyrolysis liquid

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for processing the black liquor of a pulp mill to recover the chemicals and energy therein. In the invention, the black liquor is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis reactor (), formed gaseous components are lead for utilization, sand is returned to a fluidized-bed boiler, and solid matter is mixed with water, whereby a soda-water solution is returned to the pulping process and solid carbon to the fluidized-bed boiler ().

Method and apparatus for processing black liquor of pulp mill

A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a substantially closed pyrolyzer (), a supply inlet for supplying pyrolyzable fuel to the pyrolyzer (), an outlet for taking hot bed material in particle form out of the pyrolyzer, one or more exit outlets () for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer, a condenser () for condensing the condensible gaseous substances into pyrolysis oil, and a line () for transferring the condensible gaseous substances from the exit outlet of the pyrolyzer () to the condenser (). The means for maintaining pyrolysis conditions in the pyrolyzer () comprise an inlet for taking hot bed material in particle form into the pyrolyzer and means () for supplying fluidizing gas to the pyrolyzer. The pyrolyzer () is a chamber bounded directly by a furnace () of a bubbling fluidized bed boiler, through which chamber fluidized bed material is arranged to be circulated between the inlet and the outlet. Means () for supplying fluidizing gas are divided over an area between the inlet () and the outlet () in the pyrolyzer () so that they create a cross-flow of fluidizing gas in relation to the transfer direction (S) of the bed material and fuel.

Method for performing pyrolysis and a pyrolysis apparatus

A pyrolysis apparatus comprises a furnace () operating by fluidized bed combustion, a pyrolyzer () and flow paths, which connect the furnace () and the pyrolyzer () for arranging the circulation (C) of carrier material of the fluidized bed combustion between the furnace and the pyrolyzer .The apparatus also comprises a supply inlet () for supplying fuel to be pyrolyzed to the pyrolyzer (), fluidizing gas supply means () arranged in the pyrolyzer for fluidizing the mixture of carrier material and fuel, and an outlet () for taking condensible gaseous substances separated from the fuel to be pyrolyzed out of the pyrolyzer (), and a condenser for condensing the condensible gaseous substances. The carrier material circulation is arranged at the furnace () by a cocurrent principle along the flow path of hot flue gases, which comprises a separator () located higher than the pyrolyzer (), which separator is arranged to separate carrier material from flue gases, while the circulation also comprises a connecting conduit () between the separator () and the pyrolyzer () for moving the carrier material by gravity to the pyrolyzer (), and a return path () between the pyrolyzer () and the furnace () for returning the carrier material to the furnace (). The outlet () is arranged in the chamber formed by the pyrolyzer () in its upper part in a space above the fluidized mixture of carrier material and fuel in order to remove the condensible gaseous substances from the pyrolyzer.

Pyrolysis method in connection with a boiler and a pyrolysis apparatus

A method for treating fly ash of flue gas exiting a furnace of a fluidized bed boiler. A side flow conveying a first fraction of fly ash is separated from a flow conveying a second fraction of fly ash. After the separation, the side flow conveying the first fraction has a higher solids content than the flow conveying the second fraction. The first fraction of fly ash is separated from the side flow at a separation temperature of at least 400&#xb0; C., whereafter the first fraction of fly ash is discharged from the process.

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Tampere, Finland

Jani Lehto