Alliedsignal Inc.

Allied Corporation

Corning Incorporated

Hoechst Celanese Corporation

Other

E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Allied Chemical Corporation

Lifelines Technology, Inc.

Isola Laminate Systems Corporation

James T Yardley

Chengjiu Wu

Michael J McFarland

Ajay Nahata

Shaul M Aharoni

Louay A Eldada

Chengzeng Xu

Arunava Gupta

Lawrence W Shacklette

Anne M Mooring

Keith A Horn

Gary A West

Baopei Xu

Scott Moore Zimmerman

Harry E Ulmer

Jianhui Shan

Morris B Berenbaum

Charles J Cole

Christopher E Osuch

Frederick R Hopf

John H Bonfield

Paul W Harris

Thomas P Izod

Eva L Menger-Hammond

Kelly M Stengel

Alan M Rosan

Kelly M T Stengel

Karen M Bland

Karl Wayne Beeson

Thaddeus Prusik

Ronald Richard Chance

Paul Michael Ferm

Himangshu R Bhattacharjee

Charles T Ratcliffe

David R Haas

Michael A Petti

Jeffrey T Gotro

Michael Vallance

The invention relates to lithographically formed, tapered waveguides connectable to optical fibers. A tapered waveguide is formed by imagewise exposing, in an oxygen containing atmosohere, and developing a lithographic composition on a substrate. Exposure is conducted by a converging beam of laser light which has a greater intensity a the bottom surface of the coating composition, a lesser intensity at the top surface, and a gradually decreasing intensity from the bottom surface to the top surface of the coating composition. Either the substrate is moved with respect to the converging beam, or the converging beam is moved with respect to the substrate along a linear path. Either the moving is done at a gradually increasing or gradually decreasing velocity or one gradually increases or decreases the intensity of the beam of laser light along the substrate. After developing and removing the non-polyrnerized portion of the coating composition, a tapered waveguide is fornnd on the substrate. The tapered waveguide may be attached to an optical fiber.

One step laser fabrication of polymer wave-guided structures having varying width and height, and their application to pigtailing of optical fibers

This invention relates to a novel class of halofluorinated acrylates and more particularly to chlorofluorinated or bromofluorinated acrylates characterized by a chlorofluorinated or bromofluorinated alkylene moiety with acrylate functions at both terminals. These chlorofluorinated acrylates may be photocured in the presence of a photoinitiator into transparent polymers useful as optical waveguiding materials.

Photocurable halofluorinated acrylates

The invention provides organic optical waveguide devices which are lithographically formed and employ polymeric materials having low optical loss, good long term and short term stability, good flexibility and reduced stress or crack induced scattering loss. An optical element has a substrate; a patterned, light transmissive core composition on the surface of the substrate; and a light reflecting cladding composition on the pattern of the core. The core composition has a glass transition temperature of about 80&deg; C. or less and the cladding composition has a glass transition temperature of about 60&deg; C. or less.

High performance acrylate materials for optical interconnects

High density built-up multilayer printed circuit boards are produced by constructing microvias with photoimageable dielectric materials. A photosensitive dielectric composition on a conductive foil is laminated to conductive lines on a core. After imaging the foil and imaging and curing the photosensitive dielectric composition, vias are formed to the conductive lines. Thereafter the conductive lines are connected through the vias to the conductive foil, and then the conductive foil is patterned.

Fabrication of high density multilayer interconnect printed circuit boards

Halofluorinated alkylene monomers are made by a method comprising the steps of: (a) subjecting a first polymer which is the reaction product of a fluorinated vinyl monomer and a vinyl comonomer to dehydrohalogenation to form a second polymer; (b) treating the second polymer with an oxidizing agent to form an oxidation product consisting of a .alpha., .omega.-dicarboxylic acid or an ester derivative thereof; and (c) treating said oxidation product with a reducing agent to form a reduction product consisting of a a .alpha., .omega.-diol. Preferably, the first polymer has a structure of --[CH.sub.2 CYZ(CF.sub.2 CFX).sub.n ].sub.m -- wherein X and Y=F, Cl or Br; X and Y may be the same or different; Z=H, F, Cl, Br, alkyl or perfluoroalkyl containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; n=an integer larger than about 1; and m is an integer between about 2 and about 10.sup.5. The .alpha., .omega.-dicarboxylic acids and .alpha., .omega.-diols produced herein can be directly used as polycondensation monomers. Alternatively, the .alpha., .omega.-dicarboxylic acids and .alpha., .omega.-diols can be further derivitized to tri-, tetra- or other multifunctional alcohols which may be directly used as condensation monomers or they may be converted to acrylates which may be photocured in the presence of a radical photoinitiator into transparent polymers which are useful as optical waveguiding materials.

Method for making photocurable halofluorinated acrylates

The invention provides improved high contrast, photopolymerizable compositions suitable for producing high contrast waveguides. The high contrast, photopolymerizable compositions of this invention include a nitrone compound component. The photosensitive composition is an admixture of a free radical polymerizable acrylate or methacrylate component having at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, a photoinitiator, and a nitrone compound.

Nitrone compounds as photopolymer polymerization inhibitors and contrast

The invention provides a low stress optical waveguide assembly wherein one or more waveguide cores have a conformal cladding in register the waveguide core. The core and cladding are preferably lithographically formed on a substrate. A connector assembly provides for the precision interconnection of mating arrays of parallel optical waveguides. The connector assembly has a base with several parallel channel walls cut along a surface of the base. A waveguide assembly is positioned on the base. The waveguide assembly comprises a substrate and one or more transparent, polymeric waveguides on and raised from a surface of the substrate. A conformal cladding is in register with the waveguide core. Such conformal cladding contributes to a reduction in waveguide stress. The waveguide assembly is positioned on the base such that each of the waveguides is set in one of the channels and contacts the walls of the channel. A cover plate holds the waveguide assembly on the base.

Low stress optical waveguide having conformal cladding and fixture for

A direct view display including a light generating means for generating light, a modulating means for modulating light from said light generating means to form an image, and an image display means for displaying said image from said modulating means positioned adjacent to the light output surface of said modulating means, said display means comprising an array of tapered optical waveguides on a planar substrate the tapered end of each of said waveguides extending outward from said substrate and having a light input surface adjacent said substrate and a light output surface distal from said light input surface. The area of the light input surface of each waveguide is greater than the area of its light output surface, and the center-to-center distance between the light input surfaces of adjacent waveguides in said array is equal to the center-to-center distance between the light output surfaces thereof, so that the angular distribution of light emerging from the output surfaces of the waveguides is larger than the angular distribution of light entering the waveguides. Also, the waveguides in said array are separated by interstitial regions with a lower refractive index than the refractive index of said waveguides.

Direct view display device with array of tapered waveguide on viewer side

Solid bodies having a reflective surface are provided with an anti-reflection coating of a terpolymer composition derived from (a) perfluoroalkylalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, (b) acrylic, methacrylic or itaconic acid, and (c) hydroxyl- containing acrylate or methacrylate.

Polymeric anti-reflection coatings and coated articles

Solid bodies having a reflective surface are provided with an anti-reflection coating of a fluoropolymer blends of (1) a terpolymer composition derived from (a) perfluoroalkylalkyl acrylate or methacrylate, (b) acrylic, methacrylic or itaconic acid, and (c) hydroxyl-containing acrylate or methacrylate; and (2) an amorphous fluoropolymer.

Fluoropolymer blend anti-reflection coatings and coated articles

A new class of sulfonated 2-(2'-hydroxyaryl)-2H-benzotriazole compounds and method for using them and other sulfonated hydroxyaryl benzotriazoles on nylon fibers to improve stain resistance and dye lightfastness has been discovered. A process is provided for improving stain resistance of nylon fibers by treatment with sulfonated aromatic-formaldehyde condensate and fluorinated dry soil resist agents.

Sulfonated 2-(2'-hydroxyaryl)-2H-benzotriazoles and/or sulfonated

Azo-type optically active compounds and polymers are provided based on compounds of the general structure

Electro-optical materials and light modulator devices containing same

Photosensitizers containing saturated and unsaturated polycyclic compounds containing the cyclopentane-2-diazo-1,3-dione structural unit. These compounds have their maximum u.v. absorption at around 248 nm, decompose into polar products upon irradiation, and can be used as photosensitizers in positive deep u.v. or excimer laser (248 nm) lithography. They are most preferably useful with deep u.v. transparent resins for forming photoresists.

Deep u.v. photoresist compositions containing

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Morristown, NJ, United States of America

James T Yardley