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James P Shoffner

Thomas P Malloy

Dusan J Engel

Alan E Van Til

An improvement in a process for the isomerization of cresols may be obtained by effecting the isomerization reaction of a cresol in the presence of a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite catalyst and added hydrogen. The added hydrogen will provide stability and longer life to the catalyst as well as a more stable selectivity to the desired isomers. The isomerization reaction is effected at temperatures ranging from about 250.degree. to about 450.degree. C. and pressures ranging from 2 to about 75 atmospheres in the presence of added hydrogen, said hydrogen being present in a mole ratio in the range of from about 1:1 to about 10:1 moles of hydrogen per mole of cresol.

Isomerization of cresols

The electrical conductivity of metallic surfaces may be regenerated in situ by treating the surface with a regenerating agent in the form of a hydrogen halide such as hydrogen chloride. Hydrogen halide may be utilized in either liquid, gaseous or vaporous form. If so desired, an ammonium salt such as ammonium chloride may also be used to enhance the regenerative powers of the hydrogen halide. For example, the surface of steel may be treated with hydrogen chloride and ammonium chloride to enhance the formation of ferric oxide which possesses a greater electrical conductivity than does ferrous oxide.

Regeneration of electrical conductivity of metallic surfaces

Amines which are dissimilar in nature by virtue of possessing different substituents, different structures or position isomers may be selectively separated by treatment with a reactive carbonyl compound and an acid. The separation may be effected at reaction conditions which include a temperature in the range of from about ambient to about 150.degree. C. and a pressure in the range of from about atmospheric to about 100 atmospheres. An example of this separation is the treatment of a mixture of m-toluidine and p-toluidine with benzaldehyde and trifluoroacetic acid. The m-toluidine will form an imine while the p-toluidine will form an acid salt.

Separation of dissimilar amines

Aromatic diamines are prepared by reacting an alkyl formimine which has been obtained by the reaction of an amine possessing a primary or secondary alpha carbon atom with formaldehyde with an aromatic amine in an anhydrous acidic medium. The reaction is usually effected at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and is exemplified by reacting n-hexylformimine with N,N-dimethylaniline in an anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid medium to form p-dimethylamino-N-n-hexylbenzylamine.

Preparation of aromatic diamines

Substituted cyanamidic compounds as exemplified by N-(diphenylmethylidene)cyanamide may be prepared by reacting nitrogen-containing compounds having the formula: ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aryl, alkyl possessing from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl possessing from about 5 to about 12 carbon atoms in the ring, alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl, aryl-substituted cycloalkyl, alkaryl and aralkyl radicals and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl possessing from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, aryl, cycloalkyl possessing from 5 to about 12 carbon atoms in the ring, alkyl-substituted cycloalkyl, aryl-substituted cycloalkyl and bicycloalkyl radicals with cyanamide and a compound selected from the group consisting of an acid-acting compound, an alkyl halide and an alkyl sulfate.

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Elk Grove Village, IL, United States of America

James P Shoffner