The Dow Chemical Company

James P Easterly, Jr

Do I Lee

Richard R Emerson

Timothy J Adaway

Jack C Lamphere

Harold G Fravel, Jr

William C Foshee

Coal liquors are clarified by contacting them with high molecular weight copolymers of from about 70 to about 99 mole percent of a nonionic water-soluble monomer such as acrylamide and from 1 to 30 mole percent of a cationic monomer such as methacryloylethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or methacrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.

Coal liquor clarification with water-soluble, high molecular weight

Multi-modal emulsions comprise a continuous oil phase and a discontinuous aqueous phase having two or more droplet size distributions and comprising a water-soluble polymer. Such emulsions are prepared by subjecting portions of the emulsion to varying rates of shear during emulsion formation. The multi-modal emulsions can have high polymer solids, reduced oil content, low bulk viscosity and high stability.

Multi-modal emulsions of water-soluble polymers

A water-in-oil emulsion of a water-soluble polymer such as acrylamide/acrylic acid copolymer having improved invertibility is prepared by (1) adding a portion of an inverting surfactant such as sorbitan trioleate having 20 polyoxyethylene units to a water-in-oil emulsion of water-soluble monomer, (2) polymerizing the monomer and (3) adding a remaining amount of inverting surfactant to the emulsion.

Self-inverting water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble polymers

Water-in-oil emulsions of water-soluble cationic polymers, e.g., a copolymer of acrylamide and acryloylethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, exhibiting improved emulsion stability are prepared by incorporating a water-soluble salt of a monovalent anion, e.g., ammonium chloride, into the aqueous phase at some point prior to polymerization.

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Bay City, MI, United States of America

James P Easterly, Jr