Scm Corporation

Scm Chemicals, Inc.

James P Bonsack

Michael Robinson

Semyon D Fridman

George R Walker

Fred Schneider, Jr

There is provided a process for the partial oxidation of solid ferrous chloride and the complete oxidation of all carbon that is present with molecular oxygen at 350.degree. C. to 675.degree. C., to produce ferric oxide and ferric chloride vapor without producing elemental chlorine.

Process for partial oxidation of FeCl.sub.2 to FeCl.sub.3

An improved dilute phase chlorination procedure characterized by providing extremely finely divided oxygen-containing metallic material and a carbonaceous material co-milled together to a particle size size of less than 20 microns. The finely divided charge material is introduced into a tubular reaction zone, preferably at the bottom, with the gaseous chlorination agent where reaction occurs at a temperature above 800.degree. C. for a period of time sufficient to fully react the chlorinating agent in a single pass. Metal chloride is recovered from the tubular reactor and, most advantageously, there is little or no need to separate any dusty unreacted solid material from the off-gases for recycle to the chlorination zone.

Dilute-phase chlorination procedure

The invention pertains to an entrained-downflow chlorination process of fine metalliferous ores particularly containing alkali and/or alkaline earth metals greater than about 0.3% by weight as the oxide. The process includes a quenching step following the chlorination step where the chlorinated products are quenched by liquid cooling fluid spray patterns adapted to prevent solidification of the alkali and/or alkaline earth materials onto the reactor walls. The chlorinator unit of this invention prevents disruption of the chlorination process due to presence of liquids or sticky particles and it contains a quenching spray means disposed below the chlorination zone in the entrained-downflow chlorinator unit, whereby the quenching sprays prevent reactor wall buildup.

Chlorination of ores containing alkali or alkaline earth values

There is provided a multi stage process for nonselectively chlorinating a titaniferous ore containing iron to produce TiCl.sub.4. In this process a portion of the ore charge is subjected to conventional fluid bed chlorination to produce TiCl.sub.4 and FeCl.sub.2. A second portion is subdivided and submitted to chlorination in a dilute phase chlorination step using FeCl.sub.3 as the chlorinating agent to produce additional TiCl.sub.4. The FeCl.sub.3 is obtained by partial oxidation of the FeCl.sub.2 obtained in the first stage and/or second stage to yield Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 and FeCl.sub.3. The product streams of TiCl.sub.4 are then combined for further treatment.

Two stage chlorination of titaniferous ore with FeCl.sub.3 reclamation

An entrained flow process for chlorinating fine iron-containing titaniferous powder with chlorine gas and/or organochlorides in the presence of fine porous coal-based reductant powder for obtaining product chlorides of titanium and iron wherein said both of said powders are entrained in and flow downwardly through a chlorination reaction zone at a temperature of at least about 800.degree. C. is improved by: (a) supplying fine titaniferous and reductant powders to said reaction zone at a rate sufficient for establishing and maintaining titanium, iron and carbon reactants therein in substantial excess over those stoichiometric for the complete reaction of the chlorine present; (b) employing as at least the major portion of fresh reductant feed reactive char having surface area of at least about 10 m..sup.2 /g. and particle size of -140 mesh; (c) separating carbon and titaniferous solids from the effluent of said reaction zone; and (d) recycling at least a major portion of the resulting separated solids as about -140 mesh powder into said reaction zone.

Entrained downflow chlorination of fine titaniferous material

There is provided an improved process for the chlorination of particulate titaniferous ores using a particulate reactive carbon in a fluidized bed. The particulate reactive carbon is lignite char.

Chlorination of titanium ores using lignitic reactive carbons

A flow process is described for the chlorination of titaniferous materials. The process utilizes a special microporous carbon characterized by having pores with a pore diameter of less than 20 A. Improved reaction rates and completeness of reaction are achieved.

Entrained-flow chlorination of fine titaniferous materials

Vanadium impurities in chlorinated titaniferous materials are rendered easily removable by reacting said titaniferous materials with a high surface area carbon during the chlorination process. A process for preparing said high surface area carbon is also described.

Chlorination of titaniferous material using treated coal for vanadium

A low temperature (less than 800.degree. C.) process for chlorinating titaniferous material in a fluidized bed is disclosed. A porous carbon reductant having micropores with a pore diameter of less than 20 A is utilized together with conventional titaniferous materials and conventional chlorine sources to achieve reaction at the present low temperatures.

Low-temperature fluid-bed chlorination of titaniferous ore

Vanadium impurities in chlorinated titaniferous materials are rendered easily removable by reacting said chlorinated titaniferous materials with a high surface area carbon at an elevated temperature. A process for preparing said high surface are a carbon is also described.

Process for treating chlorinated titaniferous material to remove vanadium

Ferruginous titaniferous material is chlorinated with chlorine for producing a product stream of titanium chlorides and by-product metallic iron in a laminar flow process.

Chlorination of ilmenite and the like

Ferric chloride from the selective chlorination of titaniferous material such as ilmenite is partially oxidized to obtain a chlorine-rich stream and byproduct iron oxide. Unreacted ferric chloride is separated as solid particles from said stream and at least a portion of said particles are returned to the chlorination operation for absorbing heat generated in such operation.

Oxidation of ferric chloride from selective chlorination of titaniferous

A method for separating niobium pentachloride and tantalum pentachloride contaminants from crude titanium chloride vehicle by addition of water to said vehicle to form substantially selectively solid hydration products of such contaminants which are readily separable.

Purification of crude titanium tetrachloride

Vapor feed containing titanium tetrachloride and ferric chloride vapor is contacted with sodium chloride for complexing said ferric chloride as liquid sodium ferric chloride salt complex while leaving titanium tetrachloride as vapor residue. The salt complex is reacted with molecular oxygen for providing recovered chlorine gas product. Such gas can be recycled to said complexing operation for providing a high grade of chlorine and titanium tetrachloride-rich product. Substantially complete chlorination of ilmenite is a prime source of said vapor feed.

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Aberdeen, MD, United States of America

James P Bonsack