General Electric Company

James Lawrence Spivack

James Norman Cawse

Bruce Fletcher Johnson

Donald Wayne Whisenhunt, Jr

Grigorii Lev Soloveichik

Jimmy Lynn Webb

Eric James Pressman

John Yaw Ofori

Donald Franklin Foust

Kirill Vladimirovich Shalyaev

Joseph James Salvo

Harish Radhakrishna Acharya

William Patrick Flanagan

Cheryl Lynn Sabourin

Donald Wayne Whisenhunt

Peter David Phelps

Reed Roeder Corderman

Gurram Kishan

Adil Minoo Dhalla

John Yupeng Gui

David Paul Mobley

Marsha Mottel Grade

Jonathan Lloyd Male

David Key Dietrich

Joseph Richard Wetzel

Arumugamangalam Venkataraman Ramaswamy

Rajappan Vetrivel

Anand Pal Singh

Nileshkumar Prakash Kukalyekar

Victoria Jean Eddy-Helenek

A solar cell having foil electrodes. Specifically, a metal foil is implemented to form electrodes providing a reduced electron path from a dye-sensitized semiconductor material to the electrodes. In one embodiment, nanowires extending from the substrate on which the solar cell is formed are provided. In another embodiment, cavities are formed in a sheet of conductive foil by oxidation, thereby forming a semiconductive material. The semiconductive material is sensitized with a dye and an electrolyte solution is disposed in the cavities, thereby forming an array of dye-sensitized solar cells.

Dye sensitized solar cells having foil electrodes

A solar cell comprising at least one electrode having a plurality of fingers. Specifically, an electrode comprising a planar surface and a plurality of fingers extending therefrom is provided. A second electrode is provided. The second electrode comprises a planar surface and may comprise a plurality of fingers which are interdigitated with the fingers of the first electrode. The second electrode provides a catalyst material for the electron transfer to an oxidant during the photovoltaic process. A semiconductor material is disposed between the electrodes. The semiconductor material is saturated with dye and injected with an electrolyte solution. The fingers are arranged to provide a reduced migration path for the oxidant through the electrolyte and for the electrons through the semiconductor material when exposed to incident light.

Dye sensitized solar cell having finger electrodes

A solar cell having a plurality of micro-channels. Specifically, a plurality of micro-channels are formed in a semiconductor material that has been disposed on the surface of a planar electrode. The semiconductor material is saturated with dye and injected with an electrolyte solution. The micro-channels are insulated and filled with a material that provides a catalyst material for the electron transfer to an oxidant during the photovoltaic process. The catalyst disposed in the micro-channels forms the upper electrode of the solar cell. The micro-channels are arranged to provide a reduced migration path for the oxidant.

Structured micro-channel semiconductor electrode for photovoltaic cells

Disclosed herein are zeolite compositions comprising structural units of the formulae: wherein 'B' and 'C' are spacer groups comprising Cto Chydrocarbyl groups; and Rand Rindependently of each other comprise alkali metal, hydrogen, or Cto Calkyl groups. The zeolite compositions further comprise structural units derived from a heteropolyacid compound of the formula: (M)(M)(M)O; where Mcomprises hydrogen or an alkali metal; Mcomprises phosphorus or silicon, and Mcomprises tungsten or molybdenum. Methods for preparing these zeolite compositions are also disclosed. The zeolite compositions are useful as catalysts for producing bisphenols.

Functionalized zeolite compositions and methods for their preparation and use

A dye sensitized solar cell having a structured electrode. Specifically, a structured electrode is formed using a conductive material. The conductive material is hollowed to create a cavity therethrough. The hollowed conductive material forms a structured electrode which is coupled between two planar electrodes. Insulative layers are implemented to provide electrical separation between the structured electrode and each of the planar electrodes. A dye sensitized semiconductor material and an electrolyte solution are present in the cavity of the structured electrode to provide the presently described solar cell having a structured electrode.

Structured dye sensitized solar cell

This disclosure relates to a method for producing and using catalysts in the production of bisphenols, and in particular to a method for producing catalysts which contain poly-sulfur mercaptan promoters, and using these catalysts in the production of bisphenol-A and its derivatives.

Method for producing bisphenol catalysts and bisphenols

A method of producing a chemical reaction is provided. In the practice of one embodiment of the invention, the method includes the steps of providing a reaction vessel and reactants; placing at least one of the reactants in the reaction vessel; and allowing the reaction to proceed for a time interval. A volume increment of at least one of the reactants is withdrawn from the reaction vessel, and a volume increment of at least one of the reactants is added to the reaction vessel. The volume increment withdrawal/addition is repeated after successive time intervals until the reaction reaches a substantially steady state. In various alternative embodiments, the volume increment withdrawal can take place before, after, or contemporaneously with the volume increment addition.

Incremental flow reactor and method for parallel screening

Method for producing multiple chemical reactions and for rapid screening of chemicals, catalysts, process conditions and the like is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing an array of reactor vessels and reactants; loading each reactor vessel with at least one reactant; and allowing the reactions to proceed for a predetermined time interval. A volume increment is withdrawn from each reactor vessel and a volume increment of at least one reactant is added to each reactor vessel in the array. The steps of volume increment withdrawal and addition are repeated after successive time intervals until the reactions reach a substantially steady state. The loading, withdrawal, and addition steps are performed by liquid or solid handling robots. In one embodiment, the volume increment withdrawal occurs before, after, or contemporaneously with the volume increment addition.

Method for screening multiple reactants and catalyst systems using incremental flow reactor methodology

A catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing ytterbium. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.

Catalyst system

A method and catalyst system for economically producing aromatic carbonates from aromatic hydroxy compounds. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of carbonylating aromatic hydroxy compounds by contacting at least one aromatic hydroxy compound with oxygen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a carbonylation catalyst system that includes a catalytic amount of an inorganic co-catalyst containing zinc. In various alternative embodiments, the carbonylation catalyst system can include an effective amount of a palladium source and an effective amount of a halide composition. Further alternative embodiments can include catalytic amounts of various inorganic co-catalyst combinations.

Catalyst compositions for producing aromatic carbonates

This disclosure relates to a method for producing and using catalysts in the production of bisphenols, and in particular to a method for producing catalysts which contain attached mercaptan promoters, and using these catalysts in the production of bisphenol-A and its derivatives.

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Cobleskill, NY, United States of America

James Lawrence Spivack