Amoco Corporation

The Procter Gamble Company

The Standard Oil Company

Standard Oil Company (indiana)

Gulf Oil Corporation

Amoco Corportion

Gulf Oil Corporation (pennsylvania)

James L Taylor

William I Beaton

Jeffrey John Kolstad

Lawrence B Peck

James F Mosby

Albert L Hensley, Jr

George A Huff

Frederick T Clark

John M Forgac

Robert D Buttke

Robert D Hughes

David F Tatterson

David Lyzinski

Jay C Knepper

Bernard Y So

Ronald L Cutshall

Ernest H Baughman

William M Hall

Jay T Hargreaves

Brian S Kennedy

A method is disclosed for optimizing the pressure drop in the catalytic conversion of a feed in a bed of catalyst particles in a vertically arranged reactor by grading the catalyst particles within the bed by pressure drop.

Method for grading cylindrical catalyst particles in a bed to reduce

A method is provided for transferring spectral information, comprising spectral images, from a source spectrometer to a target spectrometer in order that chemometric models can be transferred among spectrometers. The method comprises passing substantially monochromatic atomic lines into a source and target spectrometer and displaying a spectrum of light intensity for each spectrometer, developing a correlation between the spectra of light intensity such that the location and shape of the target spectrometer correlated spectrum can be expressed as a function of the source spectrometer, processing a known sample into the source spectrometer and displaying spectral images, developing a transformation for the spectral images from the source spectrometer such that the correlated and transformed spectral images are transformed to appear substantially similar to the spectral images of the sample measured with the target spectrometer, and generating a chemometric model to relate the correlated and transformed spectral images from the target spectrometer to the physical properties of the sample corresponding to the spectral images.

Method for transferring spectral information among spectrometers

A resid hydrotreating process hydrotreats a resid bottoms fraction from the reduction of crude oil. The hydrotreated bottoms fraction is then subjected to deep vacuum reduction and in some cases deasphalted by solvent extraction to produce an oil suitable for use as a catalytic cracking feedstock and a resins fraction suitable for solvating resid in a hydrotreating process.

Resid hydrotreating using solvent extraction and deep vacuum reduction

A process for improving the performance of heavy oil refining units in a resid hydrotreating unit equipped for resid hydrotreating. The partially refined resid stream issuing from a train of ebullated bed reactor is first separated into high, medium, and low temperature components. The high temperature component is sent through a flash drum and then fractionated by solvent deasphalting in order to provide oil, resin, and asphaltene fractions. Thus, the asphaltene is eliminated before it can foul downstream equipment. This treatment of the heavy oil product has several benefits as compared to treating the vacuum tower bottoms. Among other things, one of these benefits is to debottleneck the resid hydrotreating unit, especially at the atmospheric tower.

Means for and methods of removing heavy bottoms from an effluent of a

A refining process uses a two or four stage solvent separator coupled to receive an incoming feedstream of low sulfur resid and a solvent. In the preferred two stage separator, the mixture at the top of the first separator stage is fed to the second stage separator via a heat exchanger. The mixture at the bottom of the first stage separator includes resins and asphaltenes which are fed to a hydrotreater and then, in turn, to a fractionator. The output from the bottom of this fractionator can be fed back to the resid feedstream of the first stage separator for recycled separation. The material at the top of the second stage separator is fed back through the heat exchanger where it helps heat the mixture fed from the top of the first to the second stage separator, this feedback recovers the solvent for reuse in the first stage. The material settling to the bottom of the second stage separator is fed into a catalytic cracker or processed elsewhere.

Means for and methods of deasphalting low sulfur and hydrotreated resids

The inventive solvent extraction process uses hydrotreated (HTR) and low sulfur (LSR) resids feedstreams in a single deasphalter unit and in a way that optimizes the disposition of the oils, resins, and asphaltene fractions of each resid for downstream processing. After the refractory asphaltenes are separated from the HTR feedstream, the LSR resid is introduced into the deasphalter so that its resin and asphaltene fractions are combined with the HTR resins. The oils fractions from the two resids are combined and then used as a feedstock for catalytic cracking.

Means for and methods of low sulfur and hydrotreated resids as input

A process is provided for obtaining spectral information and quantifying the physical properties of a sample. The process comprises launching polychromatic light having a wavelength ranging from about 100 nanometers to about 2500 nanometers alternately through at least one sample channel and at least one reference channel, through at least one high-efficiency fiber optic switch. The sample and the polychromatic light along the sample channel are directed to a sample cell wherein the polychromatic light is passed through the sample, producing sample spectral information. The polychromatic light directed along the reference channel produces reference spectral information. The sample and reference spectral information is reproducibly and uniformly imaged by passing or conveying said sample and reference spectral information through a mode scrambler and the uniformly imaged sample and reference spectral information is then processed in a wavelength discrimination device wherein the uniformly imaged spectral information is separated into component wavelengths and the light intensity at each wavelength determined and recorded. A chemometric model and the separated and recorded uniformly imaged sample and reference spectral information are then utilized to predict the physical properties of the sample. The process of the present invention provides improved prediction accuracy, increased reliability, lower operating costs, and is easier to use and calibrate.

Process for spectrophotometric analysis

An apparatus is provided for obtaining spectral information and quantifying the physical properties of a sample. The apparatus comprises a light source and a high-efficiency fiber optic switch means communicating with the light source for directing the light alternatively along at least two channels, the two channels comprising at least one reference channel and at least one sample channel. A sample means communicates with the sample channel for providing an interface between the light and the sample. A fiber optic means comprising a high-efficiency fiber optic switch and/or an optical coupler communicates with the sample channels and the reference channels and directs the light alternatively from the reference and sample channels to a mode scrambler. A wavelength discrimination device separates the light from the mode scrambler into component wavelengths and provides spectral information for the determination of the physical properties of the sample. The apparatus of the present invention provides superior chemometric prediction accuracy, is reliable, durable, and stable over time, and provides outstanding performance in a manufacturing or field environment.

Apparatus for near-infrared spectrophotometric analysis

A laboratory instrument provides a small model reactor which better simulates a back mixed reactor containing a catalyst. The reactor is especially valuable for simulating commercial scale hydrotreating of petroleum resid, coal, and other non-distillable hydrocarbons to obtain some distillable products. An important feature is a magnetically driven pump completely enclosed within the reactor shell of the simulator. All embodiments provide a high temperature and pressure, low liquid to catalyst volume, model reactor where an entire process is carried out within the simulator shell under substantially the conditions prevailing in the full scale reactor.

Laboratory simulator of reactor for a petroleum refinery

The invention reduces cracking catalyst fines in decanted oil by mixing the decanted oil (DCO) containing cracking catalyst fines with a resid oil and then treating the DCO-resid mixture with a non-aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in an extraction unit or in a multi-stage deasphalting unit.

Multi-stage process for deasphalting resid, removing catalyst fines from

The invention reduces cracking catalyst fines in decanted oil by mixing the decanted oil (DCO) containing cracking catalyst fines with asphaltene and then treating the DCO-asphaltene mixture with a non-aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in an extraction unit or in a multi-stage deasphalting unit.

Process for deasphalting resid, recovering oils, removing fines from

Three-stage process for deasphalting resid, removing fines from decanted

A method for stabilizing oil is provided. An oil fraction having hydrocarbons with an initial boiling point of about 200.degree. F. to about 1050.degree. F. is hydrotreated to reduce the nitrogen content of the oil fraction to be stabilized. Subsequently, condensed aromatic compounds are selectively extracted from the hydrotreated oil fraction to yield a stable oil fraction.

Oil stabilization

A hydrotreating process if provided in which resid and resins are hydrotreated with hydrogen-rich gases in the presence of a hydrotreating catalyst in an ebullated bed reactor.

Resid hydrotreating with resins

A method for dedusting synthetic oil is disclosed. A feed of dust-laden synthetic oil is dissolved in a non-polar solvent of at least one alkane containing from 4 to 7 carbon atoms and aggregates of dust material are formed. The dissolved dust-laden synthetic oil is then gravitationally separated into a substantially dedusted stream in a dust-enriched stream including aggregates formed in the dissolution step. The dissolution and gravitational separation steps are conducted at a temperature and pressure greater than about 150.degree. F. and about ambient pressure and less than about the critical point temperature and pressure of the solvent and the aggregates provide acceptable settling and sludge compression rates. Methods for producing and dedusting oil from synthetic fuel stock are also disclosed.

Growing community of inventors

Naperville, IL, United States of America

James L Taylor