Combustion Engineering, Inc.

Abb Combustion Engineering

James K O'Neill

David N Palmer

John S Cartwright

Stephen L Goodstine

Frank Gabrielli

James E Brule

Thomas B Gibbons

A system for changing the temperature of a working fluid, including amonia, includes a working fluid source and a steel tube. The working fluid source is configured to direct a flow of the working fluid. The working fluid from the source is at a temperature. The steel tube has a treated inner surface layer defining a flow passage. The surface may comprise a mill finish surface, an oxidizing surface and/or a chromized surface. The tube is configured to receive the working fluid from the source and to direct the flow of the received working fluid along a path to change the temperature of the received working fluid.

Material selection and conditioning to avoid brittleness caused by nitriding

A thermally actuated hydrogen secondary battery comprises an anode having a thermally actuated anode-active solid reversible hydrogen-containing inorganic compound which deintercalates hydrogen ions (H.sup.+) in a discharge cycle when exposed to thermal energy, a compatible gas-free electrolyte capable of transporting hydrogen ions (H.sup.+) between the anode and a cathode when the anode is exposed to thermal energy, and the cathode having a hydrogen ion-intercalatable cathode-active material which intercalates hydrogen ions (H.sup.+) in a discharge cycle when the anode is exposed to thermal energy.

Thermally actuated hydrogen secondary battery

A thermally actuated hydrogen secondary battery which comprises a porous anode having a thermally actuated anode-active solid reversible hydrogen-containing inorganic compound which deintercalates hydrogen ions (H.sup.+) in a discharge cycle when exposed to thermal energy and having a first porous catalytic oxide film on a side thereof capable of converting hydrogen ions into hydrogen molecules in a discharge cycle and having a second porous catalytic metal film on another side thereof capable of converting hydrogen molecules into hydrogen ions in a charge cycle; a porous cathode having a hydrogen ion-intercalatable cathode-active material which intercalates hydrogen ions (H.sup.+) in a discharge cycle when the anode is exposed to thermal energy and having a first porous catalytic metal film on a side thereof capable of converting hydrogen molecules into hydrogen ions in a discharge cycle and having a second porous catalytic oxide film selected from the group consisting of ruthenium dioxide, rhenium dioxide and iridium dioxide on another side thereof capable of converting hydrogen ions into hydrogen molecules in a charge cycle, said first porous catalytic metal film on said porous cathode facing said first porous catalytic oxide film on said porous anode; and a porous solid electrolyte between and within the porous anode and the porous cathode, said porous solid electrolyte containing at least one gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and helium for the diffusion of hydrogen molecules between the anode and the cathode, said porous solid electrolyte being a polymer complex of trifluoromethane sulfonic acid with a linear polymer.

A cathode active material, which is especially useful as the cathode in a lithium high energy density nonaqueous cell operating on the principle of intercalation, has the general formula Li.sub.x M.sub.y M'.sub.z O.sub.2-n F.sub.n where M is selected from the group consisting of metallic ions having a valence of +1 other than lithium and metallic radicals having a valence of +1; M' is selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co and Ni; x is 0.01 to 0.99 and y is 0.99 to 0.01, respectively; z is 0.8 to 1.2; and n is zero to 0.1.

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Tolland, CT, United States of America

James K O'Neill