Other

United States of America, As Represented by the Secretary of Agriculture

Cornell University

The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited

Katholieke Universiteit

James J Giovannoni

Steven D Tanksley

Diane M Ruezinsky

Ruth A White

Cornelius Barry

Julia Vrebalov

Frederick Noensie

James P Mattheis

Maarten L Hertog

David R Rudell, Jr

Nigel E Gapper

Robert J Schaffer

Nicolai M Bart

Jason W Johnston

Veeraragavan Padmanabhan

Rachel S Leisso

Chris B Watkins

Julie Vrebalov

The present invention is a tool for diagnosis and prediction using biomarker-based risk assessment for chilling-related disorders of Rosaceous fruit crops including apple and pear. Provided are methodology and genes whose relative and absolute expression can accurately indicate disorder risk throughout the production and supply chain of these crops. This technology describes a necessary and novel management tool for stakeholders producing, servicing, or retailing these crops.

Gene expression monitoring for risk assessment of apple and pear fruit storage stress and physiological disorders

To achieve full development of the ripe phenotype, climacteric fruits, such as tomato, apple and banana, require synthesis, perception and signal transduction of the plant hormone ethylene. The non-ripening phenotype of the dominant Green-ripe (Gr) and Never-ripe 2 (Nr-2) mutants of tomato is the result of reduced ethylene responsiveness in fruit tissues. In addition a subset of ethylene responses associated with floral senescence, abscission and root elongation are also impacted in mutant plants but to a lesser extent. Using positional cloning we have identified an identical 334 by deletion in a gene of unknown biochemical function residing at the Gr/Nr-2 locus. Consistent with a dominant gain of function mutation, this deletion causes ectopic expression of GR/NR-2, which in turn leads to ripening inhibition. A CaMV35:GR transgene recreates the Gr/Nr-2 mutant phenotype but does not lead to a global reduction in ethylene responsiveness suggesting tissue-specific modulation of ethylene responses in tomato. GR/NR-2 encodes a novel evolutionary conserved membrane localized protein of unknown biochemical function that has not previously been associated with ethylene signaling. Because GR/NR-2 has no sequence homology with the previously described Nr (Never-ripe) ethylene receptor of tomato we now refer to this gene only as GR. Identification of GR expands the current repertoire of ethylene signaling components in plants and provides a tool for further elucidation of ethylene response mechanisms and for controlling ethylene signal specificity in crop plants.

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The wire spool guide assembly is a conduit through which wire is dispensed in a controlled and orderly manner. The assembly has at least one wire spool guide, a handle bar and a spindle. The spindle may be a single spindle or part of a wire spool cart. The spindle is used to hold wire spools and the handle bar. The handle bar serves to hold the guide. The guide includes an eyebolt rotatably mounted to a support frame via a ball bearing. The eyebolt guides wire as it is dispensed from the spool acquiescing to the direction of the user's pull. Friction, created as wire is pulled through the eyebolt, slows the speed at which the spool rotates on the spindle. The frame of the guide, however, is fixed on the handle bar by a fastener disposed at a bottom end of the guide.

Wire spool guide assembly

The current invention provides nucleic acid sequences encoding the RIN and MC genes. Compositions comprising these sequences are described, as are plants transformed with such compositions. Further provided are methods for the expression of the RIN and MC genes. The methods of the invention include the direct creation of transgenic plants with the RIN and MC genes by genetic transformnation, as well as by plant breeding methods. The sequences of the invention represent a valuable new tool for the creation of transgenic plants, preferably having one or more added beneficial characteristics.

Rin gene compositions and methods for use thereof

The current invention provides nucleic acid sequences encoding the NOR gene. Compositions comprising this sequence are described, as are plants transformed with such compositions. Further provided are methods for the expression of the NOR gene. The methods of the invention include the direct creation of transgenic plants with the NOR gene by genetic transformation, as well as by plant breeding methods. The sequences of the invention represent a valuable new tool for the creation of transgenic plants, preferably having one or more added beneficial characteristics.

NOR gene compositions and methods for use thereof

Growing community of inventors

Ithaca, NY, United States of America

James J Giovannoni