The United States of America As Represented by the Secretary of

United States of America, As Represented by the Secretary of Agriculture

University of Florida Research Foundation Inc

Virginia Military Institute Research Laboratories, Inc.

James H Tumlinson, Iii

Philip E Sonnet

John R McLaughlin

Paul L Guss

Hans T Alborn

Tappey H Jones

Robert E Doolittle

John H Loughrin

Peter E A Teal

Robert R Heath

James A Coffelt

Drion G Boucias

Baldwyn Torto

Theodoor C J Turlings

Adron T Proveaux

Fredrick I Proshold

Tatsuji Chuman

Theodoor C Turlings

Paul L Guss, Deceased

Michael G Klein

Thyril L Ladd, Jr

A Small Hive Beetle trap, which replaces the bottom board of beehives, includes a frame having three walls and a top surface, a trap plate, an entry device, and a trapping means. The trapping device provides a dark environment attractive to small hive beetles and contains a small hive beetle attractant made from pollen dough and inoculated with yeast that produces small hive beetle attracting volatiles.

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The invention relates to fatty acids conjugated to amino acids and their derivatives that elicit the production and/or release of plant volatiles compounds which attract and/or retain beneficial insects and deter herbivorous insect feeding. These conjugates also induce plants to increase production of pharmacologically important compounds such as taxol, increase fragrance of flowers, and increase production of plant essential oil. The invention also relates to methods for isolating the compounds from herbivorous insect oral secretions and to chemically synthesizing the compounds and their active derivatives.

Plant volatile elicitor from insects

A pheromonal compound produced by the banded cucumber beetle has been identified as 6,12-dimethylpentadecan-2-one. Both the synthetically prepared racemic compound and the purified natural pheromone elicited responses by banded cucumber males in field tests. By attracting adult beetles to field traps, this compound is a useful tool for the monitoring and controlling of this major agricultural pest.

6,12-dimethylpentadecan-2-one and its use in monitoring and controlling

A pheromonal compound produced by the western corn rootworm has been identified as 8-methyl-2-decanol propanoate (8-M-2-DP) having the structural formula: ##STR1## A synthesis has been devised for racemic 8-M-2-DP which demonstrates activity toward the western corn rootworm comparable to its natural counterpart. Other diabroticites including the Mexican corn rootworm and the northern corn rootworm also respond to the synthetic compound. By attracting rootworms to field traps, 8-M-2-DP is a useful tool for the monitoring and control of these major agricultural pests.

Synthetic pheromone 8-methyl-2-decanol propanoate

A pheromonal compound produced by the sweetpotato weevil has been identified as (Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol (E)-2-butenoate. The synthetically-prepared compound demonstrates activity toward the sweetpotato weevil comparable to or greater than that of the natural female and comparable to that of its natural counterpart under field conditions. The novel compound provides a sensitive tool for detection of the sweetpotato weevil. By attracting adult weevils to field traps, this compound provides a means for monitoring and controlling this major agricultural pest.

(Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol (E)-2-butenoate and its use in monitoring and

A pheromonal compound produced by the southern corn rootworm has been identified as 10-methyl-2-tridecanone (10-M-2-T) having the structural formula: ##STR1## The synthetic R-enantiomer of 10-M-2-T demonstrates activity toward the southern corn rootworm comparable to its natural counterpart, whereas the synthetic racemic mixture is characterized by approximately half the activity for a given amount. Related diabroticites such as the western spotted cucumber beetle also respond to the synthetic compounds. By attracting adult beetles to field traps, 10-M-2-T is a useful tool for the monitoring and control of these major agricultural pests.

Synthetic pheromone 10-methyl-2-tridecanone and its use in controlling

(Z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone, isolated from virgin female Japanese beetles, Popilla Japonica, attracted males of the species in field bioassays. However, the synthesized racemic mixture of this compound did not attract male Japanese beetles. The Z- and E-isomers and the saturated analog of both enantiomers of this compound were synthesized stereospecifically. Pure synthetic (R,Z)-5-(1-decenyl)dihydro-2(3H)-furanone was competitive with live females and with the pheromone isolated from live females in attracting males. Male response was strongly inhibited by small amounts of the (S,Z)-isomer.

Sex pheromone produced by the female Japanese beetle: specificity of

Growing community of inventors

Gainesville, FL, United States of America

James H Tumlinson, Iii