Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

James G Hansel

Pushpinder S Puri

Jack L Stolz

Yuejin Li

John N Armor

William P Hegarty

George W Roberts

Anthony A Cassano

Brian R Dunbobbin

Barry L Werley

Goutam H Shahani

John M Fernbacher

S Venkat Raman

An apparatus for dispensing an odorant to a fluid in a vessel having an interior volume containing the fluid includes at least one odorant material and an odorant-permeable material. The at least one odorant material is disposed in the interior volume, the odorant material having at least one detectable odor. The odorant-permeable material encapsulates the odorant material.

Addition of odorants to gases for leak detection

An apparatus for detecting a leak of a fluid from a system for storing and/or transporting a volume of the fluid includes an odorant material. The system includes at least one vessel and at least one sealant having an outer surface. The odorant material is encapsulated or sorbed on the sealant, at least a portion of the odorant material having at least one detectable odor.

Odorized seals for the detection of gas leak

Nitrogen oxides are removed from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine which operates on a methane-containing fuel by reacting the nitrogen oxides and oxygen in the exhaust gas with a controlled amount of methane in the presence of a reducing catalyst. The catalyst preferably comprises a crystalline zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio of equal to or greater than about 2.5 which is prepared from a non-acid zeolite which is ion exchanged with a cation selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, and manganese. Methane for the reaction is provided as a portion of the methane-containing fuel. Carbon monoxide present in the exhaust gas is converted to carbon dioxide simultaneously with the reduction of nitrogen oxides.

Catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in methane-fueled engine exhaust

Nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide are removed from the exhaust of an internal combustion engine which operates on a methane-containing fuel by reacting the carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and oxygen in the exhaust gas with methane in the presence of a catalyst comprising a crystalline zeolite having a silicon to aluminum ratio of equal to or greater than about 2.5 which is exchanged with a cation selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron, chromium, rhodium, gallium, and manganese. Methane for the reaction is provided as a portion of the methane-containing fuel.

Control of exhaust emissions from methane-fueled internal combustion

A turbocharged or supercharged internal combustion motive system for utilization of gaseous fuel stored as a liquid wherein the liquefied gaseous fuel is vaporized and warmed at least partially with heat removed from the compressed intake combustion air in the turbocharger or supercharger aftercooler. In a preferred embodiment, the compressed intake combustion air is first cooled in an aftercooler against an ambiently cooled coolant and is subsequently cooled in further aftercooler heat exchange passages against an intermediate coolant which transfers heat removed from the compressed intake combustion air to the liquefied gaseous fuel. Embodiments are disclosed wherein the saturated liquefied gaseous fuel is first subcooled and then pumped to pressures high enough for direct combustion chamber injection and another embodiment discloses vaporization of the saturated liquefied gaseous fuel with compression of the vaporized gas in a compression-type injection system or by low pressure carburetion into the internal combustion engine.

Internal combustion engine with cooling of intake air using

This invention relates to an improved process for the cryogenic separation of air and particularly with respect the separation of air in oxygen enriched zones within a distillation column. The improvement resides in utilizing aluminum packing in structured or random form in the oxygen enriched zones wherein the oxygen concentration ranges from about 80 to 96% by volume and optionally a sheet copper packing of structured or random form in the oxygen enriched zones, wherein the oxygen concentration is greater than 97% by volume. The aluminum packing may also be used in an argon column where argon is separated from oxygen by distillation.

Process for cryogenic air separation

A fuel or coal-water slurry burner with oxygen supply to the primary air through the vanes of a diffuser plate that swirls primary air is described.

Means for providing oxygen enrichment for slurry and liquid fuel burners

Enhanced oil recovery from a crude oil reservoir is promoted following primary oil production, by subjecting the reservoir to water flooding, discontinuing the water flooding, preferably when the remaining oil is at an OIP level above 0.10, and then subjecting the reservoir to fireflooding with gas having an O.sub.2 content of at least 50%, preferably above 85%.

Enhanced crude oil recovery

Process and apparatus are set forth for ascertaining and controlling the flammability of produced gas from an in-situ combustion enhanced petroleum production well whereby the produced oil is sampled, the produced gas is periodically sampled, the temperature, pressure and produced gas flow rate are sensed, and a moderant gas is added to the production well to avoid flammability when the sampled and sensed parameters indicate a flammability condition exists.

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Emmaus, PA, United States of America

James G Hansel