Battelle Memorial Institute

James E Amonette

Nancy S Foster-Mills

S Thomas Autrey

John L Daschbach

David L Green

Gerald J Posakony

Daniel I Kaplan

Jonathan S Fruchter

Kirk J Cantrell

Yuri A Gorby

Tom Autrey

S Tom Autrey

Josef Matyas

Charles R Cole

A controlled-release solid nitride fertilizer from fly ash and a method for making are described. The fertilizer includes a nitrogen source including at least one solid nitride combined with at least one precipitation-inhibiting agent and with at least one moisture-retention agent, all compressed together to form a porous release structure that in contact with water releases ammonium ions as a nitrogen nutrient at a substantially uniform release rate over a selected release period and thereby maximizes nitrogen-use efficiency by plants.

Nitride-based controlled-release fertilizers and process for making same

Methods and apparatus for simultaneous or sequential, rapid analysis of multiple samples by photoacoustic spectroscopy are disclosed. Particularly, a photoacoustic spectroscopy sample array vessel including a vessel body having multiple sample cells connected thereto is disclosed. At least one acoustic detector is acoustically positioned near the sample cells. Methods for analyzing the multiple samples in the sample array vessels using photoacoustic spectroscopy are provided.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy sample array vessels and photoacoustic spectroscopy methods for using the same

Methods and apparatus for analysis of multiple samples by photoacoustic spectroscopy are disclosed. Particularly, a photoacoustic spectroscopy sample array vessel including a vessel body having multiple sample cells connected thereto is disclosed. At least one acoustic detector is acoustically coupled with the vessel body. Methods for analyzing the multiple samples in the sample array vessels using photoacoustic spectroscopy are provided.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy sample array vessel and photoacoustic spectroscopy method for using the same

The invention encompasses photoacoustic apparatuses and photoacoustic spectrometry methods. The invention also encompasses sample cells for photoacoustic spectrometry, and sample cell/transducer constructions. In one aspect, the invention encompasses a photoacoustic spectroscopy apparatus, comprising: a) a sample reservoir and an acoustically-stimulable transducer acoustically coupled with the sample reservoir, the transducer comprising a detector surface having a substantially planar portion; and b) a beam of light configured to be directed through the sample at an angle oblique relative to the substantially planar portion of the detector surface to generate sound waves in the sample. In another aspect, the invention encompasses a photoacoustic spectroscopy sample cell, comprising: a) a first block of material having opposing front and back surfaces, the front surface comprising a substantially planar portion configured to be against a sample and the back surface comprising a substantially planar portion configured to be joined to a transducer, the back surface being parallel to the front surface; and b) a pair of opposing side surfaces joined to opposite ends of the front and back surfaces, one of the opposing side surfaces being configured for passage of light therethrough and extending at a first oblique angle relative to a plane containing the substantially planar portion of the front surface.

Photoacoustic spectroscopy apparatus and method

The present invention is a transducer for photoacoustic detection having at least two piezoelectric elements wherein at least a first piezoelectric element has a first frequency and at least a second piezoelectric element has a second frequency. The improvement according to the present invention is that at least two piezoelectric elements are longitudinal elements for longitudinal waves; and the first frequency is different from said second frequency. In other words, the invention is a multi-frequency longitudinal transducer for photoacoustic detection.

Photoacoustic method for measuring concentration of chemical species

Photoacoustic spectroscopy sample cells and methods of photoacoustic spectroscopy

The present invention is a method for removing oxidized contaminant(s) from water. More specifically, the invention has the steps of contacting water containing the oxidized contaminant(s) with a layered aluminosilicate having Fe(II). The aluminosilicate may contain naturally occurring Fe(II), or the Fe(II) may be produced by reducing Fe(III) that is initially present. Reduction may be either by exposure to a chemical or biological reductant. Contacting the water containing oxidized contaminant(s) may be by (1) injection of Fe(II)-containing layered aluminosilicate, via a well, into a saturated zone where it is likely to intercept the contaminated water; (2) injection of contaminated water into a vessel containing the Fe(II)-bearing layered aluminosilicate; and (3) first reducing Fe(III) in the layered aluminosilicate to Fe(II) by injection of a biological or chemical reductant, into an aquifer or vessel having sufficient Fe(III)-bearing aluminosilicate to produce the necessary Fe(II).

Growing community of inventors

Richland, WA, United States of America

James E Amonette