Xerox Corporation

James E Adams

Werner E Haas

Bela Mechlowitz

Gary A Dir

Bela Richter

Fred W Schmidlin

Adam Missell

Systems and methods for determining printing performance or runability of a print substrate to be used as an image-receiving substrate in electrophotographic, electrostatographic, xerographic and like devices, including printers, copiers, scanners, facsimiles, and including digital, image-on-image, and like devices. Embodiments pertain to digitally optimizing print substrates.

Systems and methods for predicting runability of a print substrate

An imaging system wherein a migration-type imaging member comprising a softenable layer containing agglomerable migration marking material is provided, and the member is exposed to an image pattern of electromagnetic radiation of sufficient energy to cause a simultaneous imagewise migration at least in depth in the softenable layer and agglomeration of the agglomerable migration marking material in the imagewise exposed areas of the imaging member. In another embodiment, a microscopically discontinuous layer of imaging material on a stable substrate is agglomeration or evaporation imaged by the inventive system.

Imaging system which agglomerates particulate material

An imaging system wherein a migration-type imaging member comprising a softenable layer containing agglomerable migration marking material is provided, and the member is exposed to an image pattern of electromagnetic radiation of sufficient energy to cause a simultaneous imagewise migration at least in depth in the softenable layer and agglomeration of the agglomerable migration marking material in the imagewise exposed areas of the imaging member. In another embodiment, a microscopically discontinuous layer of imaging material in a stable substrate is agglomeration or evaporation imaged by the inventive system.

Imaging system of discontinuous layer of migration material

Alignment films provided on a supportive substrate in accordance with the Janning technique exhibit birefringence wherein plane polarized light in passing through the alignment film becomes elliptically polarized. Birefringence compensation is provided by depositing a second alignment film on the other side of the supportive substrate in a direction substantially orthogonal to the deposition direction of the first alignment film, the second alignment film having a thickness substantially equal to that of the first alignment film.

Liquid crystal alignment film birefringence compensation

An imaging member comprising an agglomerable layer on a substrate is agglomerated in image configuration to cause the formation of larger agglomerates in the agglomerated areas which usually produces a relative transparentizing or a color change in the agglomerated areas. This imaging process is followed by contacting the imaged member, usually uniformly, with a solvent for the agglomerable material or a chemical reactant for the agglomerable material to dissolve away agglomerable material in the unagglomerated (which herein includes relatively unagglomerated compared to the agglomerated areas) areas or chemically react with agglomerable material in the unagglomerated areas, respectively at a faster rate than in the agglomerated areas.

Agglomeration imaging method

Imaging system using agglomerable migration marking material

An imaging member comprising an agglomerable layer on and not embedded in a substrate is agglomerated in image configuration to cause relative transparentizing or a color change and the formation of larger agglomerates in the agglomerated areas. This imaging process is followed by removal of the agglomerates from the agglomerated areas.

Agglomeration imaging process

A direct current liquid crystal display device for reflection viewing comprises a dielectric mirror having at least one pair of titanium dioxide and silicon dioxide layers, the titanium dioxide layer being in contact with a layer of liquid crystalline composition, between two electrodes.

Direct current liquid crystal display with highly reflecting dielectric

An imaging member to be viewed in reflection comprises a front surface reflection rejection layer on one side of an imaging layer and a reflection layer on the other side of the imaging layer, the reflection rejection layer comprising one or more rectangular blocks of transparent material having a height, H, and a base, L, characterized by the relationship H = 3/2 L TAN .theta.' + 2 n L TAN .theta.', where .theta.' is the angle of refraction of readout radiation into said transparent material and n is selected from the group consisting of zero and positive integers.

Reflective imaging member

A system which transforms a liquid crystal composition having a mixture of cholesteric liquid crystal or other optically active materials and nematic liquid crystal materials from an electrically induced dynamic scattering state into an aligned nematic state by changing variables of an applied electrical field, and an imaging system wherein such a liquid crystal member is imaged in a desired image configuration by such an electrical field-induced transition system. Such systems exhibit high optical contrast and may be viewed without the aid of light polarizing devices.

Liquid crystalline composition having mixed cholesteric-nematic

A liquid crystalline composition comprising an optically active material and a nematic liquid crystalline material having negative dielectric anisotropy and optionally an ionizable salt, and capable of undergoing the electrohydrodynamic induced transition from the Grandjean texture to the focal-conic texture, is initially provided in the Grandjean Texture. Current is passed through the liquid crystalline composition up to its region of maximum response to electrical stimulus. A second current is then passed through the liquid crystalline composition until at least a partial optical conversion is achieved in response to electrical stimulus of the liquid crystalline composition.

Imaging method

The electrical resistivity of pure trans-stilbene nematic liquid crystalline materials is altered by exposure to ultraviolet radiation. These stilbenes can therefore be made to dynamically scatter uniformly or in imagewise configuration and can be added to liquid crystalline compositions to alter the compositions' resistivities.

Imaging method with U.V. excitation of liquid crystal

An imaging system wherein an imaging member comprises a layer of a homeotropically aligned nematic liquid crystalline material which is optically uniaxial residing on a photoconductive insulating layer. When the liquid crystal layer is subjected to an electrostatic charge and the photoconductive insulating layer is exposed to an imagewise pattern of activating electromagnetic radiation, the liquid crystalline material is subjected in selective areas to an electrical field which has components both in the plane of the layer and normal to the plane of the layer thereby inducing optical biaxiality in those areas of the imaging material. In a preferred embodiment of the invention a layer of a suitable overcoating material is arranged over the liquid crystal layer.

Liquid crystal imaging system

Liquid crystal display system

Liquid crystalline compositions comprising dielectrically negative nematic liquid crystalline materials from about 0.4 percent by weight to about 3 percent by weight optically active materials, in contact with an aligning agent, and characterized by a helical pitch to layer thickness ratio of from about 1 to about 10 are transformed from an initially homeotropic or homogeneous texture into a novel stable spherulitic texture upon removal of an applied D.C. or low frequency A.C. electrical field. Erasure and imaging of the novel spherulitic texture are disclosed.

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Ontario, NY, United States of America

James E Adams