Westinghouse Electric Corporation

Eaton Corporation

Siemens Energy, Inc.

Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation

Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation

Union Carbide Corporation

Westinghouse Electric Company LLC

James D Smith

David C Phillips

Robert N Kauffman

Karl F Schoch, Jr

Joseph F Meier

Gary C Stevens

John William Wood

John Joseph Shea

D Colin Phillips

William R Crooks

Franklin T Emery

Henry Anthony Wehrli, Iii

William M Hickam

Denis A Mueller

Kenneth W Grossett

James Alan Bauer

David C Grant

Narsingh Bahadur Singh

Norman Davies

John F Jackovitz

Rajender K Sadhir

Morris A Mendelsohn

Howard E Saunders

Wei-Fang A Su

Allan I Bennett

Robert Mazelsky

Emil M Fort

Selami Y Pusatcioglu

Peter M Castle

George J Bich

Steven Strauch

William D Partlow

David W Coffey

Donald D Jerson

Albert M Stewart

Thomas M Burke

Arthur W Ott

Parker A Bollinger, Jr

Andreas Lutz

Michael A Williamson

John R Ray

Xiaoyun Shirley Lai

Howard E Saudners

The present invention provides for a high thermal conductivity (HTC) paper that comprises a host matrix, such as mica, and HTC materials intercalated into the host matrix. The HTC materials are comprised of at least one of nanofillers, diamond like coatings directly on the host matrix, and diamond like coatings on the nanofillers.

Insulation paper with high thermal conductivity materials

The present invention facilitates the thermal conductivity of fabrics by surface coating of the fabrics with high thermal conductivity materials. The fabrics may be surface coated when they are individual fibers or strands, bundles of strands, formed fabric or combinations therefore. A particular type of fibrous matrix used with the present invention is glass. Some fabrics may be a combination of more than one type of material, or may have different materials in alternating layers. HTC coatings of the present invention include diamond like coatings (DLC) and metal oxides, nitrides, carbides and mixed stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric combinations that can be applied to the host matrix.

Fabrics with high thermal conductivity coatings

The present invention provides for a method of impregnating a matrix with a high thermal conductivity filled resin, which produces a resin impregnated matrix. The high thermal conductivity materialcomprises 5-60% by volume of the resin. This is compressed by approximately 5-30%, and the distances between the high thermal conductivity materials loaded in the resin are reduced, and the resin is then cured.

Compression of resin impregnated insulating tapes

A catalyzed mica tape used in insulating electrical conducting devices is made from a mica paper bonded to a backing with a bonding resin. The bonding resin is cross-linkable by an addition reaction. The catalyzed mica tape has distributed therein at least a catalyst at a concentration of greater than 0.01 g/m.sup.2 for every 100 g/m.sup.2 of the bonding resin. The catalyst is an organo-transition metal compound, organo-tin compound, or a combination thereof.

Catalyzed mica tapes for electrical insulation

A high voltage circuit interrupter has a surface modified pulverulent arc-quenching filler composition, with gas-evolving material is bound to the surfaces of the arc-quenching filler by a binder. The pulverulent arc-quenching filler can be selected from the group of silicas and silicates, preferably sand, mica or quartz. The gas-evolving materials can be selected from the group of melamine, cyanuric acid, melamine cyanurate, guanidine, guanidine carbonate, guanidine acetate, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, guanine, urea, urea phosphate, hydantoin, allantoin, and mixtures and derivatives thereof. The device has a generally tubular casing of electrically insulating material, terminal elements closing the opposite ends of the casing, at least one fuse element conductively interconnecting the terminal elements, a core for supporting the fuse element, extending parallel to the longitudinal axis, and a modified pulverulent arc-quenching filler material inside the casing, in close proximity to the fuse element. The modified pulverulent arc-quenching filler material includes a pulverulent arc-quenching filler, a binder, and a gas-evolving material, and the gas-evolving material is bound to the surfaces of the arc-quenching filler.

Arc-quenching filler for high voltage current limiting fuses and circuit

The present invention is directed to conductive polymer composition that have positive temperature coefficients, electrical devices comprised thereof and methods of making the same. The composition comprises a thermoset polymer matrix containing discretely distributed thermoplastic material and dispersed conductive material. Preferably, the thermoset and thermoplastic polymers are substantially immiscible and have comparable volume transition temperatures, such as bisphenol A liquid epoxy resins and oxidized polyethylene.

Conductive polymer compositions, electrical devices and methods of making

Liquid crystal thermoset epoxy resin is used as an electrical insulator on electrical conducting devices such as coils and transformers. The linear epoxy/mesogen/epoxy molecule of the liquid crystal thermoset epoxy resin results in a electrical insulator with a high degree of crystallinity. This results in an electrical insulator with mechanical and electrical properties suitable for use in high temperature, high stress environments.

Electrical insulation using liquid crystal thermoset epoxy resins

Crystals formed of a solid-solution of Ni(BF.sub.4).sub.2 6H.sub.2 O provide very good materials for filtering ultraviolet light and will not deteriorate in temperatures as high as 110.degree. C. They are particularly useful in sensing devices which seek to identify the presence of ultraviolet light in the UV missile warning band.

Crystals for ultraviolet light filters

Electrical circuit protection devices containing PTC elements comprised of conductive polymers which exhibit PTC behavior and are used to protect a load in an electrical circuit, in which the PTC conductive polymers are based on highly crystalline and highly ordered liquid crystal polymers and particulate conductive fillers dispersed therein, which are cross-linked by radiation. These circuit protection devices operate as automatically resettable current limiters and are particularly useful for protecting motors, solenoids, telephone lines and batteries, and for enhancing circuit interruption capability when used in conjunction with breakers and contactors. The liquid crystal polymers include aromatic polyesters, e.g., poly(p-phenylene terephthalate) and poly(p-hydroxybenzoate); aromatic copolyesters, e.g., poly(p-hydroxybenzoate-co-2,6-hydroxynaphthoate), poly(deca-methyleneterephthaloyl di-p-hydroxybenzoate, and poly(ethylene terephthalate-co-oxybenzoate); aromatic copolyester amides, e.g., poly(2,6-hydroxy-naphoate-phenoxyaminoterephthoate); aromatic polyamides, e.g., poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide), Kevlar, poly(p-benzamide), poly(2-chloro-1,4-phenylene terephthalamide), poly(p,p'-biphenylamide), and poly(2,6-napthalamide); aromaticpolyazomethines, e.g., poly (nitro-2-methyl-1,4-phenylenenitriloethylidine-1,4-phenylenethylidine), poly(nitrilo-2-methyl-1,4-phenylenenitrilomethylidine-1,4-phenylenemethyli dine), and poly(nitrolo-2-chloro-1,4-phenylenenitrilomethylidine-1,4-phenylenemethyli dine); and, blends thereof. The particulate conductive fillers include carbon black, carbon fibers, graphite, and metal flakes.

Electrical circuit protection devices comprising PTC conductive liquid

A resin-rich electrically conductive felt material is described. The described conductive felt can be used to suppress corona discharge in high voltage generator coils. The conductive felt is prepared by treatment with electrically conducting polymers, such as polyaniline and polypyrrole, and resistivity values ranging from 4,000 to 100,000 ohms may be obtained. This treated felt can be readily impregnated with thermoset resins, such as epoxies, to provide flexible prepregs suitable for coil bonding applications in turbine generators.

Electrically conductive prepreg for suppressing corona discharge in high

Novel conductive liquid compositions which have low resistivity when carrying an applied steady-state current (I.sub.Steady-State) but exhibit sharp increases in resistivity when subject to an applied fault current (I.sub.Fault). When used in circuit protection devices, the novel conductive liquid compositions having low resistivity are contained within an elongated flexible tube sealed by electrodes electrically connected to a load of an electrical circuit. The conductive liquid compositions carry an applied normal current under steady-state conditions. The flexible tube is deformed by radial contraction transverse to the direction of current flow and axial expansion, when an excessive current of fault magnitude is sensed by an actuator electrically connected to the electrodes and mechanically connected to the flexible tube to apply a deformation force on the tube, thereby causing the current path of the conductive liquid compositions to have high resistivity in order to limit the let through current to a safe value (I.sub.Limited). When the excessive current is removed, the deformation is correspondingly removed and the conductive liquid composition automatically reverts back to its original low resistivity state. The invention has specific applications as automatically resettable fuses or current limiters.

Conductive liquid compositions and electrical circuit protection devices

An improved PTC current limiting composition has been provided which comprises a chemically cross-linked thermosetting polyester resin and conductive particles dispersed in the resin. The thermosetting polyester resin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol fumarate, polypropylene glycol adipate fumarate, neopentyl glycol isophthalate fumarate, and neopentyl glycol phthalate fumarate. The conductive additive particles are selected from the group consisting of graphite and/or carbon black. The composition exhibits PTC behavior when cross-linked by a vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl toluene and tertiary butyl styrene. Curing proceeds by free-radical addition across double bonds of the thermosetting polyester resin and is initiated by organic peroxides. Initial gelation which causes cross-linking but not final curing takes about 0.5 to 4 hours at a temperature of about 25.degree. C. to 125.degree. C. The final cure takes about 0.5 to 8 hours at a temperature of about 100.degree. C. to 160.degree. C. An effective amount of alumina trihydrate can be added to the current limiting composition to prevent dielectric breakdown, arcing and carbon tracking under high voltage conditions. It is respectfully submitted that the MPEP 608.01(b) states that abstracts should be between 50 and 250 words and up to 25 lines. Applicants' abstract in within these limits.

Positive temperature coefficient conductive polymer made from

A circuit controller for selectively connecting a power source to a load includes a non-overcurrent protective electrical switching mechanism and a conductive polymer current limiter connected in series with the load for limiting the current which flows through the switching mechanism whenever the power source is selectively connected to the load. The conductive polymer current limiter may include a plurality of parallel conductive polymer positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistors. The circuit controller may include an electrical switching mechanism which, under short circuit conditions, remains selectively connected to the load. The short circuit current which is limited by the conductive polymer current limiter continues to flow through the electrical switching mechanism. The switching mechanism may include a contactor having separable contacts, and may further include a circuit interrupter, in order to provide a separate circuit disconnection mechanism. The electrical switching mechanism may have a coil and the circuit controller may include a voltage sensor. The conductive polymer current limiter may have an output which has a voltage substantially less than the voltage of the power source whenever the short circuit current flows from the power source and through the current limiter. The voltage sensor may be connected to the output of the conductive polymer current limiter and may deenergize the coil in order to open the separable contacts of the contactor and disconnect the power source from the load whenever the voltage of the output drops below a predetermined threshold. The contactor may be a motor-starting contactor.

Current limiting circuit controller

Growing community of inventors

Wilkins Township, Allegheny County, PA, United States of America

James D Smith