The Boeing Company

University of California

Theboeing Company

James D Cotton

Arash Ghabchi

Matthew J Crill

Christopher A Meyer

Clifford C Bampton

Richard Jay Gardner

Catherine J Parrish

Natalia G Mitropolskaya

Liisa Charlie Hammer

Karen Chiyono Takatani

Barun Majumdar

Gilbert N Riley, Jr

Darryl F Garrigus

Michael L Watts

Terry G Holesinger

John F Bingert

Kevin F Malik

Paul S Dunn

R Alan Patterson

Carlos Angelo Nunes

Gilberto Carvalho Coelho

Nabil Chaia

Jose Mauro Moraes, Jr

Gilbert Neal Riley, Jr

William L Merrick

Techniques for obtaining materials science properties of soft tissue for use in a damage model for ameliorating injuries in an individual performing a process are presented. The techniques can include obtaining physical parameters characterizing the soft tissue of the individual under each of a plurality of loading conditions, fitting a soft tissue damage model based on the parameters, and ameliorating injury in performing the process by implementing guidelines based on the soft tissue damage model.

Characterizing soft tissue stress for ameliorating injury in performing a process

Disclosed techniques for performing a process can include performing, by a plurality of subjects, a first repetitive movement with a specified stress or strain per cycle; analyzing for soft tissue disorganization or partially torn soft tissue in each of the plurality of subjects; generating an association relating stress or strain to a number of cycles that cause a transition to subrupture damaged tissue or to incomplete tear damaged tissue; measuring a stress or strain per cycle for a second repetitive movement that makes up the process; determining a limit on a number of cycles of the second repetitive movement intended to avoid at least one of: a transition to subrupture damaged soft tissue or to incomplete tear damage tissue; and performing the second repetitive movement as part of the process while ensuring that no individual subject exceeds the limit on the number of cycles of the second repetitive movement.

Characterizing soft tissue subrupture damage and incomplete tear damage for performing a process

Examples for refining the microstructure of metallic materials used for additive manufacturing are described herein. An example can involve generating a first layer of an integral object by heating a metallic material to a molten state such that the metallic material includes a solid-liquid interface. The example can further involve applying an electromagnetic field or vibrations to the metallic material of the first layer. In some instances, the electromagnetic fields or vibrations perturb the first layer of metallic material causing nucleation sites to form at the solid-liquid interface of the metallic material in the molten state. The example also includes generating a second layer coupled to the first layer of the integral object. Generating the second layer increases a number of nucleation sites at the solid-liquid interface of the metallic material in the molten state. Each nucleation site can grows a crystal at a spatially-random orientation.

Microstructure refinement methods by melt pool stirring for additive manufactured materials

An alpha-beta titanium-based alloy including titanium; one of 0.001-1.0 wt. % neodymium, 0.001-1.0 wt. % dysprosium, or 0.001-0.5 wt. % erbium; and at least one of aluminum, zirconium, tin, oxygen, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, iron, and chromium present in amounts defined based on an aluminum equivalent and a molybdenum equivalent, wherein the aluminum equivalent (Al-eq) is between 0 to 7.5% and the molybdenum equivalent (Mo-eq) is between 2.7 to 47.5, and wherein the aluminum equivalent (Al-eq) and the molybdenum equivalent (Mo-eq) are defined, in weight percents, as follows:Al-eq=(Al %)+(Zr %)/6+(Sn %)/3+10*(O %)Mo-eq=(Mo %)+0.67*(V %)+0.33*(Nb %)+2.9*(Fe %)+1.6*(Cr %).

Titanium-based alloy and method for manufacturing a titanium-based alloy component by an additive manufacturing process

A method for manufacturing a spherical metallic powder blend using a metallic starting material, the method including steps of grinding the metallic starting material to yield an intermediate powder, spheroidizing the intermediate powder to yield a first spherical powder component, and mixing the first spherical powder component with a second spherical powder component, wherein the first spherical powder component and the second spherical powder component have substantially the same chemical composition.

Spherical metallic powder blends and methods for manufacturing the same

A titanium-based alloy includes 0.001-1.0 wt. % in total of at least one lanthanide series element, remainder of titanium and impurities.

Example implementations relate to techniques for refining the microstructure of metallic materials used for additive manufacturing. An example can involve generating a first layer of an integral object using a material with grains structured in a first arrangement. After a threshold duration occurs since generating the first layer, the example can involve applying an external force to the first layer to cause deformations in the first arrangement of grains. The example can further involve generating a second layer coupled to the first layer of the integral object to form a portion of the integral object. Generating the second layer of the integral object causes the material of the first layer to recrystallize new grains to replace grains proximate the deformations. The grains that result from recrystallization are structured in new arrangement that improves the physical and mechanical properties of the layer and subsequent layers collective.

Microstructure refinement methods by mechanical work for additive manufactured materials

An alloy composition that includes about 1 to about 9 atomic percent aluminum (Al), about 25 to about 33 atomic percent titanium (Ti), about 10 to about 33 atomic percent vanadium (V), about 5 to about 10 atomic percent zirconium (Zr) and about 25 to about 33 atomic percent niobium (Nb).

Aluminum-titanium-vanadium-zirconium-niobium alloy composition for high temperature applications

There is provided cryogenic milled nanophase copper alloys and methods of making the alloys. The alloys are fine grained having grains in the size range from about 2 to about 100 nanometers, and greater. The nanophase alloys possess desirable physical properties stemming from the fine grain size, such as potentially high strength. Some embodiments of the cryogenic milled copper alloys may also be tailored for ductility, toughness, fracture resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and other physical properties by balancing the alloy composition. In addition, embodiments of the alloys generally do not require extensive or expensive post-cryogenic milling processing.

Nanophase cryogenic-milled copper alloys and process

There is provided cryogenic milled copper alloys and methods of making the alloys. The alloys are fine grained and possess desirable physical properties stemming from the fine grain size. Embodiments include desirable physical properties, such as potentially high strength. Some embodiments of the cryogenic milled copper alloys may also be tailored for ductility, toughness, fracture resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and other physical properties by balancing the alloy composition. In addition, embodiments of the alloys generally do not require extensive or expensive post-cryogenic milling processing.

Micro-grained, cryogenic-milled copper alloys and process

A method is provided for improving the machinability of a titanium alloy includes heating the alloy at a temperature and time period that imparts to the alloy a microstructure having between about 10 and 15 vol. % alpha phase in a beta phase matrix. According to one embodiment, the alloy is thereafter annealed at a temperature lower than the temperature for the initial heating step, and for a duration that is longer than the time period for the initial heating step.

Thermal processing method for improved machinability of titanium alloys

A system for filtering hard alpha inclusions from a reactive metal alloy, such as titanium, is provided. The system includes a vessel, a receptacle and a filter. The vessel is capable of holding the reactive metal alloy in a molten form, and can pour the molten reactive metal alloy. The receptacle is for receiving the molten reactive metal alloy poured from the vessel. And to prevent at least some hard alpha inclusions from entering the receptacle, the filter is disposed between the vessel and the receptacle such that the molten reactive metal alloy passes therethrough before being received by the receptacle. The filter includes a frame, and a porous surface that is disposed within the frame. The porous surface defines openings that are sized to permit the reactive metal alloy in molten form to pass therethrough while capturing hard alpha inclusions.

System and filter for filtering hard alpha inclusions from reactive metal alloys

A method and apparatus for detection of rare earth metal oxide inclusions in non-magnetic metal. The method utilizes a D.C. magnetic search field coupled with a magnetic field sensor for detecting the response of a rare earth metal oxide casting fragment inclusion through the bending and amplification of the ambient magnetic field at the defect location.

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Issaquah, WA, United States of America

James D Cotton