Apple Inc.

International Business Machines Corporation

James Clinton Spohrer

Alan R Peterson

Mark Leslie Miller

Daniel Eric Rose

William W Luciw

Arthur James

Michael A Arent

James Reginald Winkles

James M Laffey

Gregory J Czora

Catherine Anne Abbott

Myron Dale Flickner

Arnon Amir

Peter Gustav Fairweather

James Lewis Levine

David Canfield Smith

Douglas Warren McDavid

Ruben J Kleiman

Adam M Chipkin

David P Vronay

Tyde B Richards

Allen Cypher

A method for managing a usage cost of an asset. A user component of a business entity may access the asset after the asset has been developed by a development component of the business entity, wherein the user component receives compensation from a compensator in response to the user component having incurred a usage burden from using the asset, and wherein the compensator may have contributed to the usage burden. Alternatively, a user component of a second business entity may access an asset after the asset is developed by a development component of a first business entity, wherein second business entity receives compensation from the first business entity in response to the user component having incurred a usage burden from using the asset. The compensation has a magnitude that is a function of the usage burden. The asset may be a software application.

Management of usage costs of a resource

An authoring or other software tool is provided which allows users of the tool to review the creation and evolution of all or part of a content such as a multimedia title created using a tool incorporating the invention. According to the invention, an authoring tool comprises a recording mechanism for recording actions performed during the development or modification of software content in a manner that preserves, directly or indirectly, the relative chronological order of the actions and a playback mechanism for performing or otherwise simulating recorded actions. Preferably, the playback of an action includes annotation using text, recorded or computer-generated voice, video and/or graphic animation. Preferably, an authoring tool embodying the invention allows an author to specify criteria for which actions are to be played back, thereby providing an author with a mechanism for focusing on a particular subset of the recorded actions.

Method and apparatus for storing and replaying creation history of multimedia software or other software content

A system and method of improving the accessibility of Web sites and pages through the use of accessibility descriptors that can be assigned to a Web site and/or each page of a Web site. The descriptors enable the page(s) of the site to be assessed and then displayed according to a particular user's needs, or if appropriate may notify the user if a page cannot be used or rendered more accessible. The system can be set up to require a user fee for the service, thus encouraging Web creators to design Web pages that can be modified in accordance with the accessibility descriptors.

System and method for improving web site accessibility

A method for enhancing a user interface with a computer based training tool comprising the steps of listing domain objects on a display; listing domain object values in response to a selection of one of the domain objects; generating a plurality of inquiries in response to a user selection of one of the domain object values; replying with a predetermined answer; identifying a new domain object value in the predetermined answer; and adding to the plurality of inquiries a new inquiry which incorporates both the selected domain object value and the new domain object value.

System and method for enhancing a user interface with a computer based

According to the invention, an authoring tool comprises at least one nestable graphic state and transition machine, hereinafter referred to as a 'state machine', each state machine comprising one or more states and zero or more transitions, each transition interconnecting a first state, known as the 'from.sub.-- state', with a second state, known as the 'to.sub.-- state'. The first and second states can be the same state or different states. For each state in the plurality of states there can be any number of transitions, including zero, emanating therefrom and directed thereto. Each state machine has a state designated as its 'current state' which changes in response to users actions or other events. Each state machine also has an initial state which is the state that is designated as the current state when the multimedia title is launched. The authoring tool allows an author to view a state machine simultaneously in several different formats, providing a full view and a map view. State machines can be nested, i.e. a state machine can be contained by another state machine. Preferably, separate user and author views are provided so that an author can manipulate a multimedia product and simultaneously observe the effect such manipulation has on the multimedia product from the user's point of view. Preferably, a plurality of modes are provided, each mode being geared toward particular functionality within the invention and a mechanism is provided so that a user of the invention can selectively switch between modes.

Authoring tool comprising nested state machines for use in a computer

A method and apparatus for formulating and responding to an inquiry through an interface which is topically organized. The dialogue system interface is comprised of various topical objects wherein each domain object has a set of object values. Selection of a desired object value of a domain object yields a set of potential inquiries, corresponding to the selected value, for selection. A selected inquiry is transmitted to an underlying system for formulation of a response. The formulated response of the underlying system is then transmitted to the user through the dialogue system interface. The dialogue system generates and displays further domain objects, object values, and inquiries that are logically anticipated from the selected inquiry.

Topically organized interface with realistic dialogue

According to the invention, a software tool such as an authoring tool provides a mechanism for manipulating transient events within a multimedia product or other content having one or more state machines, each state machine having one or more states and one or more transitions, each transition connecting a first state with a second state, the first and second states being the same as or different from each other, each transition capable of being associated with one or more transient events and a trigger such that when said trigger occurs it initiates a transition from the transition's first state to the transition's second state, the transient events associated with the transition occurring on the computer system during the transition. The invention provides a mechanism for locating a transient event and displays a graphic reference for the located transient event so that the graphic reference can be used to manipulate the transient event.

Method and apparatus for capturing transient events in a multimedia

A graphical interface for visually specifying the behavior of combinations of finite-state and continuous-state actors. The state of an actor may be controlled by the states of other actors. The motion of continuous-state actors is constrained by functions represented as, and analogous to, grooves, sockets, pins, glue, springs, and boxes. These functions may be represented graphically on the actor so that the system of constraints is readily ascertainable to the user.

Graphical interface for interacting constrained actors

An extensible simulation system and graphical programming method enable a simulation user to program the behaviors of objects in a simulation while requiring no knowledge of computer programming concepts or languages. The simulation user defines each object's behaviors by creating Graphical Rewrite Rules through programming by demonstration. The user can selectively abstract a given Graphical Rewrite Rule (GRR) such that it applies to states within the simulation according to hierarchical object types and object property conditions. The extensible simulation system comprises a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an input device, an output device, an external storage device, predetermined amounts of Random Access Memory (RAM) and Read-Only Memory (ROM), and an extensible simulator. The extensible simulator comprises an object source, a simulation viewer, a GRR editor, an action recorder, an abstractor, a drawing editor, an object property editor, an object rule viewer, a subroutine editor, and a simulation execution controller. Each element of the system has an input and an output coupled to a common system bus. Preferably, each element of the extensible simulator is a computer program step sequence stored in RAM. The graphical programming method comprises the steps of: selecting an object for which a GRR is to be defined; establishing a simulation context corresponding to the GRR; defining for the GRR a set of actions to be performed by or upon one or more objects within the simulation context, each action defined through programming by demonstration; automatically recording a computer program step sequence for each action defined; and allowing the GRR to be abstracted.

Growing community of inventors

Santa Clara, CA, United States of America

James Clinton Spohrer