E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC

Other

James B Dunson, Jr

Richard T Elander

Susan Marie Hennessey

Melvin P Tucker, Iii

R Bertrum Diemer, Jr

Hans Hellmut Glaeser

Stephan Claude De La Veaux

Bonnie R Hames

Gary Ken Whiting

Julie Friend

Stephen William Taylor

Robert C Lyons

Suhas Mahuli

Aaron J Becker

Robert L Lucas

Melvin Tucker

Bonnie Hames

A system including an apparatus is presented for treatment of biomass that allows successful biomass treatment at a high solids dry weight of biomass in the biomass mixture. The design of the system provides extensive distribution of a reactant by spreading the reactant over the biomass as the reactant is introduced through an injection lance, while the biomass is rotated using baffles. The apparatus system to provide extensive assimilation of the reactant into biomass using baffles to lift and drop the biomass, as well as attrition media which fall onto the biomass, to enhance the treatment process.

System and process for biomass treatment

Ethanol was produced using biocatalysts that are able to ferment sugars derived from treated biomass. Sugars were obtained by pretreating biomass under conditions of high solids and low ammonia concentration, followed by saccharification.

Treatment of biomass to obtain ethanol

Biomass is pretreated using a low concentration of aqueous ammonia at high biomass concentration. Pretreated biomass is further hydrolyzed with a saccharification enzyme consortium. Fermentable sugars released by saccharification may be utilized for the production of target chemicals by fermentation.

Treatment of biomass to obtain fermentable sugars

The present invention provides a method for treating biomass composed of integrated feedstocks to produce fermentable sugars. One aspect of the methods described herein includes a pretreatment step wherein biomass is integrated with an alternative feedstream and the resulting integrated feedstock, at relatively high concentrations, is treated with a low concentration of ammonia relative to the dry weight of biomass. In another aspect, a high solids concentration of pretreated biomass is integrated with an alternative feedstream for saccharifiaction.

Integration of alternative feedstreams for biomass treatment and utilization

Target chemicals were produced using biocatalysts that are able to ferment sugars derived from treated biomass. Sugars were obtained by pretreating biomass under conditions of high solids and low ammonia concentration, followed by saccharification.

Treatment of biomass to obtain a target chemical

The present invention provides a composition and a method for reducing the production of persistent bio-accumulative and toxic pollutants in solid carbonaceous reduction reactions in carbochlorination processes.

Composition and method for reduction of persistent bio-accumulative and toxic pollutants in carbochlorination processes

The present invention provides a process for recovering the chlorine value from a particulate feed stream of metal chlorides wherein the total energy and reactant mass flow are managed to minimize the build up of deposits of solids on the reactor walls and maximize the conversion of the metal chlorides to metal oxides and chlorine.

Process for the recovery of chlorine from iron chlorides

This invention relates to a process for reducing odor perceived by a nearby community from an odor-emitting system, e.g., sewage treatment, etc., by adsorbing on core particles, as described, condensible components present in the system. The malodorous components then cannot adsorb in a film of condensible components on the aerosol to be carried by the aerosol plume into the surrounding community, but remain with the humid gas plume to be dispersed upward into the atmosphere. The process is useful for any system which contains condensible components and malodorous components and whose emissions form aerosols.

Process for odor control

Efficient separations of immiscible fluids of different density can be obtained in compact separation systems by passing the fluid mixture through a centrifugal separator having an N.sub.D value of between 50 and 150 under specified conditions of non-atomizing flow.

Method for separating immiscible fluids of different density

Efficient separations of immiscible fluids of different density can be obtained in compact separation systems by passing the fluid mixture through an inertial separator having an N.sub.D value of 50 or below under specified conditions of non-atomizing flow.

Baffle tray columns can be designed and operated so to function as highly efficient scrubbers for the cleaning of flue gases subject to wide variations in flow. The columns are designed and operated such that areas within the scrubbing area operate with a liquid phase continuous froth as the contacting medium. The columns can also contain an integral non-clogging separator for entrainment control.

Growing community of inventors

Newark, DE, United States of America

James B Dunson, Jr