Netapp, Inc.

Other

Dell Products Inc.

Network Appliance, Inc.

James A Taylor

Sharon A Gavarre

Alastair Taylor

Faris Hindi

Ronald L Parks

Tim K Emami

Suhas Urkude

Atul Goel

James Leong

Alan Ray Merrell

Kenneth G Taylor

Joseph Franklin Shuhy

Ivan B Caruso

Renee A James Gilmore

Earnest M Stephen

Techniques are provided for combining data block and checksum block I/O into a single I/O operation. Many storage systems utilize checksums to verify the integrity of data blocks stored within storage devices managed by a storage stack. However, when a storage system reads a data block from a storage device, a corresponding checksum must also be read to verify integrity of the data in the data block. This results in increased latency because two read operations are being processed through the storage stack and are being executed upon the storage device. To reduce this latency and improve I/O operations per second, a single combined I/O operation corresponding to a contiguous range of blocks including the data block and the checksum block is processed through the storage stack instead of two separate I/O operations. Additionally, I/O operation may be combined into a single request that is executed upon the storage device.

Combining data block I/O and checksum block I/O into a single I/O operation during processing by a storage stack

Accumulating I/O operations into a single combined I/O operation for implementation by an underlying storage device layer

A quick connect generator cable for coupling a generator to a main breaker panel for selectively supplying power to a plurality of circuit breakers in the panel for powering multiple loads found in residential or commercial buildings. The quick connect generator cable includes a power cable having a male connector for connection to a generator, and a switch housing for enclosing at least one breaker switch to selectively control power from the generator, a neutral and ground cable extending from the housing to electrically couple the generator to the main breaker panel, and power wires extending from the switch housing for powering the main breaker panel.

Quick connect generator cable

Compactor buggy

Examples described herein include a system for storing data. The data storage system stores data in one or more storage locations of a storage drive and generates context information that identifies the data associated with each of the one or more storage locations. The context information is stored in a data buffer, and may include at least one of: an index node, a file block number, or a generation count. Further, the data buffer may be a FIFO circular buffer. The data storage system then uses the context information in the data buffer to verify the data stored in the one or more storage locations during an idle time of the storage drive.

Background checking for lost writes and data corruption

Embodiments of the present invention disclose a technique for providing an indication whether data stored on a disk drive are invalid. As used herein, invalid data are data written prior to the disk drive being added to an array of the disk drives or data in a block that has become free and which has been removed from the corresponding parity block of the stripe. Knowing that the disk drive was written prior to the drive being added to the existing array or having data which has become invalid allows a storage server to ignore the invalid data and not to use it when computing parity (i.e., a data protection value computed as a result of a logical operation on data blocks in a stripe in the array of disk drives). This, in turn, eliminates the need to zero disk drives or to perform parity re-computation prior to using the disk drives.

System and method for eliminating zeroing of disk drives in RAID arrays

Question-based advertising over a network where question-based advertisement selection takes into consideration the content of adjacent material. In various aspects, the adjacent material may be physical and in proximity to a terminal where the question is presented, it may be virtual and be displayed on the same terminal as the question, and it may precede or succeed the question in time.

System and method for serving relevant question-based advertisements

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system, and computer program product for optimizing I/O operations performed by a storage server operating on behalf of multiple clients to access data on a plurality of storage devices (disks). Embodiments of the present invention eliminate the need for selected read operations to write new data to physical data blocks by zeroing the physical data blocks to which new data will be written. Additionally, the need for reading old parity to compute new parity is eliminated. Instead, new parity is computed from the data to be written without the need of old parity or the storage server sends a command to a disk that stores parity. A module implemented at the disk that stores parity executes the command without reading, by the storage server, old parity. Eliminating the need for reading old data and for reading old parity eliminates some rotation latency and improves overall system's performance.

System and method for optimizing write operations in storage systems

Embodiments of the present invention provide techniques for distributing the reconstruction process of a failed storage device in an array of storage devices to storage systems in a storage system cluster (cluster). The inventive technique includes a storage system securing the array, decomposing the reconstruction process into a number of tasks, distributing each task to other storage system in the cluster, and reconstructing data using results of the tasks performed by the other storage systems.

Method and apparatus for distributed reconstruct in a raid system

A storage management module is described herein for servicing, according to servicing parameters, storage devices of a storage system that are exhibiting errors, the servicing parameters being contained and read from an external parameters file (rather than being encoded as instructions in the storage management module). By using an external parameters file, the servicing parameters can be easily modified by reading a new file having modified parameters without requiring modification of the code instructions of the storage management module. The parameters file may comprise monitoring or testing parameters, such as error thresholds and recommended actions upon reaching an error threshold, wherein the parameters vary depending on storage device type or error type. The parameters file may be stored at a predetermined location on the storage system, whereby the storage management module may be configured to periodically examine the predetermined location to locate and read new parameter files (having modified parameters).

Dynamically modifying parameters for servicing of storage devices

A method for providing data regarding a storage system comprising storage devices is described herein. A storage management module of an operating system of the storage system may be used for servicing (e.g., monitoring or testing) storage devices according to servicing parameters. For each serviced storage device, a reporting module of the storage management module may collect storage device and storage system data upon the occurrence of predetermined events (e.g., when a storage device exhibits an error and monitoring begins, when monitoring ends, and when testing of the storage device ends). The collected data may be saved to a report file in a predetermined format and received by a program configured to automatically extract the data according to the predetermined format for use in storage device and storage system analysis and to determine modified servicing parameters used by the storage management module to service storage devices.

Method and apparatus for reporting storage device and storage system data

A storage management module for evaluating and repairing errors during monitoring or testing of storage devices of a storage system is described herein. When a storage device exhibits errors that reaches (in number) an error threshold, the storage management module determines whether any errors are due to damaged sectors localized in a single physical area of a predetermined size (referred to as a 'patch') of a platter of the storage device using the physical addresses of the errors. Two or more errors may be grouped as a single error if they are located within a predetermined threshold distance from each other on a platter and counted as a single error against the error threshold. A patch containing two or more damaged sectors is referred to as a 'damaged' patch. In some embodiments, all sectors of a damaged patch (including undamaged sectors) are reassigned to spare sectors.

Evaluating and repairing errors during servicing of storage devices

The present invention provides a system, method, and computer program product for partially pre-writing data stored in an array of mass storage devices to a spare disk dedicated to the array prior to detecting a failure in the array. The system then reconstructs data from the failed disk using data partially pre-written to the spare disk. Since some of the data has already been pre-written to the spare disk, embodiments of the present invention reduce the number of I/O operations performed by a storage system during a process of reconstructing data from the failed disk to the spare disk.

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Sunnyvale, CA, United States of America

James A Taylor