Ciba-geigy Corporation

Ciba-geigy Ag

Jacques Zurbuchen

Willi Leutenegger

Paul Dussy

Alain Lauton

Jurgen Markert

Jean P Luttringer

David G Evans

Jakob Buhler

Luigi Calcaterra

An improved process for dyeing of fibre material, especially textile fibres, by applying to the fibre material at a temperature below the absorption temperature of the dyestuffs and with a goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:4, a concentrated aqueous dye liquor, said concentrated aqueous dye liquor containing at least one dyestuff which, in the case of the substrate to be dyed, has affinity to the fibres and which is either soluble or dispersible in water, and 0.2 to 10 g/l, preferably 2 to 5 g/l, of a surface-active agent, and finishing of the dyeing by means of a heat treatment, e.g. introduction of saturated steam, superheated steam or hot air, preferably by heating from without, at temperatures of 95.degree. to 140.degree. C.

Process for the dyeing of fibre material

An improved process for dyeing of fibre material, especially textile fibres, by applying to the fibre material at a temperature below the absorption temperature of the dyestuffs and with a goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:4, a concentrated aqueous dye liquor, said concentrated aqueous dye liquor containing at least one dyestuff which, in the case of the substrate to be dyed, has affinity to the fibres and which is either soluble or dispersible in water and 0.2 to 10 g/l, preferably 2 to 5 g/l, of at least one nonionic, surface-active agent from the class of ethylene oxide addition products and having a cloud point below 85.degree. C., and finishing of the dyeing by means of a heat treatment, e.g. introduction of saturated steam, superheated steam or hot air, preferably by heating from without, at temperatures of 95.degree. to 140.degree. C.

A novel assistant mixture containing at least (A) an acid ester, or a salt thereof, of a polyadduct of propylene oxide with a polyfunctional aliphatic amino or hydroxy compound which contains 2 to 9, and preferably 2 to 6, carbon atoms and has at least one amino or hydroxyl group capable of entering into an addition reaction; (B) an acid ester, or a salt thereof, of a polyadduct of an alkylene oxide with a phenol containing at least one alkyl, benzyl or phenyl group and (C) an aliphatic ester, containing at least 6 carbon atoms, of a mono- or di-carboxylic acid and which can be used in the fluorescent or optically brightening or preferably in the dyeing of polyester fibre materials in order to increase the rate of migration of fluorescent or optical brighteners or of disperse dyes.

Assistant mixture for the dyeing or fluorescent brightening

Process for the continuous dyeing of synthetic fibre materials from organic solvents, wherein the material, preheated to at least 100.degree. C., is impregnated with a halogenated hydrocarbon impregnating liquor containing dyestuff or optical brightener to give a liquor absorption of more than 100%, and is then passed through a vapor zone filled with halogenated hydrocarbon at a temperature above the boiling point of the halogenated hydrocarbon in such a manner that during passage of the material through this zone the liquor becomes concentrated on the material, whereby

Continuous dyeing process in organic solvent vapors

An improved process for dyeing of diverse fibre material, especially textile fibres, by applying to the fibre material at a temperature below the absorption temperature of the dyestuffs a concentrated aqueous dye liquor and with a goods to liquor ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:4, the said aqueous dye liquor containing at least one dyestuff which, in the case of the substrate to be dyed, has affinity to the fibres and which is either soluble or dispersible in water and 0.2 to 10 g/l, preferably 2 to 5 g/l, of a non-foaming anionic dispersing agent from the class of aromatic sulphonic acids or the water-soluble salts thereof, and finishing of the dyeing by means of a heat treatment, e.g. introduction of saturated steam, superheated steam or hot air, preferably by heating from without, at temperatures of 95.degree. to 140.degree. C.

Described is a process for the level dyeing of polyester material by the aqueous exhaust method at temperatures above 100.degree. C., which comprises the use of an aqueous dye liquor which contains at least one migrating disperse dye as well as further ingredients. As migrating disperse dye, preferably a dye is used which has a diffusion coefficient Do at 130.degree. C. of 2 to 10.times.10.sup.-10 cm.sup.2 /sec, a distribution coefficient K at 130.degree. C. of 20 to 500 1/kg, and a migration half-life t/2 less then 50 minutes.

Process for the level dyeing of polyester material

An improved process for the dyeing of organic material, especially synthetic organic material, from organic solvents with application of a short goods-to-liquor ratio, by

Fine particle application of dyes or optical brightener to leathers or

Described is a process for the processing of organic textile materials by application of an aqueous dispersion or solution of a processing agent having affinity for the fibres, with a ratio of goods to liquor of at most 1:2, and subsequent fixing of the processing agent by means of a steam treatment, characterized in that the ratio of goods to liquor of the applied liquor is increased, below the absorption temperature of the processing agent, by the admission of saturated steam in such a manner that the processing agent is uniformly dispersed on the material before commencement of the fixing process. The advantages of this process are that there are used practically no products contaminating the waste liquors, particularly no surface-active substances tending to form foam, and that there are nevertheless obtained perfectly satisfactory processing effects. Surprisingly, moreover, irregularities caused by the material are levelled out during dyeing.

Process for the processing of organic textile materials

A Process is described for the pretreatment or finishing of materials with processing agents dissolved or dispersed in water or in organic solvents, wherein the portion of the treatment liquor or of the pretreatment liquor containing the processing agent constitutes the volumetrically smaller part, and the remaining portion of this treatment liquor consists of at least one inert organic compound selected from a water-insoluble, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic compound which is perfluorinated or mixed-halogenated, or which contains a perfluorinated or mixed-halogenated radical which compounds are immiscible with the treatment liquor; and wherein the liquor optionally contains additional auxiliaries that do not form an emulsion with the inert organic compound, and the system is very thoroughly mixed during the pretreatment or finishing process.

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Pratteln, Switzerland

Jacques Zurbuchen