Institut Francais Du Pe'trole

Institut Francais Du Petrole, Des Carburants Et Lubrifiants Et

Atochem, Gaz De France

Atochem, Gas De France

Jacques Cheron

Alexandre Rojey

Michel Huvey

Laurence Rolland

Rene Bertocchio

Choua Cohen

Alain Grehier

Jean-Louis Ambrosino

Dany Catoire

Alexandre Rouey

Rene Bertoochio

The present invention describes a tank for fluids under pressure and the manufacturing process thereof. The tank consists of two bottoms (3, 4) separated by a corrugated cylindric zone (2), the corrugated cylindric zone being circumferentially armed, and of a longitudinal reinforcement (7) placed on the total outer structure of the tank which, while reproducing the bottom effect, allows to reduce the thickness of the bottoms and to lighten the tank. The process describes the manufacturing of a circumferentially and longitudinally armed tank.

Process of manufacturing a tank of low unitary weight notably usable for

A tank or bottle including two end portions separated by a corrugated cylindrical body, with the corrugated cylindrical body being circumferentially reinforced. A longitudinal reinforcement is disposed along an entire outer surface of the tank with the exception of openings provided in the end portions for accommodating closure elements, whereby it is possible to reduce a thickness of the end portions and to reduce the overall weight of the tank.

Tank of low unitary weight notably usable for stocking fluids under

The invention relates to compositions which contain a chlorofluorinated ether and at least one solvent, and their use in thermal absorption apparatus for the generation of heat or cold. In the compositions according to the invention, the chlorofluorinated ether is 1-difluoromethoxy-1,1,2-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (enflurane: CF.sub.2 H-O-CF.sub.2 CHFCl) and the solvent is selected among aromatic esters and .omega.,.omega.'-dialkylated polyoxyethylene glycols. The present invention can be particularly applied in the heating and refrigeration areas using absorption systems such as, for example, heat pumps.

Compositions based on chlorofluorinated ether and solvent and their

The invention relates to compositions which contain a chlorofluorinated ether and at least one solvent, and their use in thermal absorption apparatus for the generation of heat or cold. In the compositions according to the invention, the chlorofluorinated ether is 1-difluoromethoxy-1,1,2-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (enflurane: CF.sub.2 H--O--CF.sub.2 CHFCl) and the solvent is selected among aromatic esters and .omega.,.omega.'-dialkylated polyoxyethylene glycols. The present invention can be particularly applied in the heating and refrigeration areas using absorption systems such as, for example, heat pumps.

The invention concerns non-azeotropic fluid mixtures useful in compression thermodynamic cycles, for example in heat pumps, comprising R23, R142b and optionally a fluid (c) other than R23 or R142b, selected from the group formed of methane and ethane halogenated compounds having a boiling point from -85 to +60.degree. C., in such molar proportions that the R23/R142b ratio range from 0.01:1 to 1.10:1 and the (R23+R142b)/(R23+R142b +c) molar ratio from 0.26:1 to 1:1. The mixtures according to the invention can be used as working fluid for heat pumps whose fluid circulates through an evaporator (E.sub.1), a compressor (K.sub.1), a condenser (E.sub.2) and a pressure reducer (D.sub.1). The thermal exchanges take place respectively with external fluids (5,6) and (7,8). The mixtures according to the invention may supply heat to the condenser at a temperature from +50 to +100.degree. C. while having an internal pressure generally limited to 0.3 MPa.

Working fluid mixtures for use in thermodynamic compression cycles

Process for producing cold and/or heat by using a non-azeotropic mixture of fluids in a cycle with ejector. The working fluid is condensed (C), then separated in two fractions (2 and 7); the first fraction (2) is evaporated (EV) at relatively low temperature, the second fraction (7) is evaporated (B) at a relatively high temperature, and then the two vaporized fractions pass through an ejector (E) and are fed back to condenser (C). This process can be used for domestic heating or for refrigeration.

Process for producing cold and/or heat by using a non-azeotropic mixture

A process for cold and/or heat production using carbon dioxide, a solvent for carbon dioxide and a condensable fluid (F), comprising conducting an absorption/condensation step wherein carbon dioxide is absorbed in the solvent and the gaseous fluid (F) is condensed, a step of separation of the resultant liquid phases, a desorption step for the CO.sub.2 solution, a mixing step and an evaporation step for the condensed fluid (F).

Process for cold and/or heat production with use of carbon dioxide and a

Process for producing cold and/or heat, making use of an absorption cycle and wherein carbon dioxide is the working fluid, comprising the steps of:

Process for producing cold and/or heat by use of an absorption cycle

A method for feeding with the same fluid different chambers of a fuel cell block, each of these chambers being connected to a fluid feed pipe and to a fluid discharge pipe, the fluid flow rate admitted into each chamber being limited by flow rate control means, this method comprising the step of scavenging with fluid at least one chamber, once or periodically during the operation of the pipe, by passing during a limited time interval, the flow regulation means associated to this chamber.

Method and device for feeding a fuel cell with fluid reactants

The fuel cell improved element comprises two terminal electrodes with intermediate electrodes formed by the arms of at least one pair of U- or V-shaped members engaging each other. These electrodes delimit chambers such that a chamber fed with electrolyte is located between a chamber fed with fuel and a chamber fed with a combustion sustaining fluid.

Fuel cell including at least one improved element

This device comprises a filtering cartridge of soda-lime capable of removing carbon dioxide from a gas flow, this cartridge being provided with means substantially compensating for any decrease in the water content of the soda-lime.

Decarbonating a gas with a wetted filter

An automatic device for a fuel cell including inlet and outlet ports connected to an electrolyte feeding circuit provided with a pump for electrolyte circulation and inlet and outlet ports for a comburent, this device comprising in combination obturation means for closing and opening said inlet and outlet ports for the comburent, and control means connected to said obturation means, said control means actuating said obturation means in response to a parameter which depends on the circulation of electrolyte through the fuel cell.

Automatic device for opening and closing the comburent inlet and outlet

Fuel cell block comprising sealed compartments for fluid reactants and electrolyte, these compartments being delimited by plates, for example, the electrodes of the fuel cell. At least some of the plates delimiting the compartments are subjected to magnetic attractive forces balancing the action of the pressing forces exerted on these plates by the fluid contained in the compartments.

Fuel cell

In this fuel cell formed of a stack of electrodes, each electrode is provided, on one of its faces, with protrusions or ribs of limited height which contact the opposite face of an adjacent electrode of the stack.

Fuel cells

This fuel cell comprises circuits for collecting electrolyte leaks in the fuel and comburent chambers, said circuits being connected to the inlet orifice of the electrolyte pump. The electrolyte tank is located above the electrolyte pump and adjustment means provide for a pressure drop in the electrolyte flow between the tank and the pump inlet.

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Maisons Laffite, France

Jacques Cheron