Inray Ltd.

Technion Research & Development Foundation Limited

Shamir Optical Industry Ltd.

The Fund For Medical Research, Development Of Infrastructure And Health Services—bnai Zion Medical Center

Shamir Optical Industries

Jacob Rubinstein

Gershon Moshe Wolansky

Dan Katzman

Zahava Vadasz

Elias Toubi

Sarel Halachmi

Ofer Nativ

The present invention is directed to methods and kits useful for diagnosis and/or prognosis of urothelial cancer in a subject. The present invention further relates to methods of assessing severity of cancer and methods of determining efficacy of a treatment for cancer. The methods and kits of the invention comprise determining the levels of semaphorin 3A in a biological sample of a subject.

Semaphorin 3A as a diagnostic marker for urothelial cancer

A method of designing a transmissive optical element for converting a profile of a light beam from a predetermined input profile to a predetermined output profile is disclosed. The method comprises: calculating a stationary function of a predetermined cost functional selected such that the stationary function satisfies a mapping condition for mapping the predetermined input profile into the predetermined output profile, thereby providing a mapping function. The method further comprises utilizing the mapping function for calculating surface properties of at least a first surface and a second surface of the transmissive optical element.

Method and apparatus for designing transmissive optical surfaces

In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for designing one or more surfaces of an ophthalmic lens includes representing the surfaces with parameters, choosing a function in the parameters and optimizing the function. The function may include one or more of the following terms: a term involving the magnification induced by the ophthalmic lens and a predetermined magnification distribution, a term involving the distortion induced by the ophthalmic lens and a predetermined distortion distribution, and a term involving the torsion induced by the ophthalmic lens and a predetermined torsion distribution. The function may also involve a term related to the thickness of the ophthalmic lens. The function may also involve one or more weight distributions. The method may include determining the weight distributions from a database of weight functions using a predetermined rule or an expert system.

Method for designing optical elements

In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for designing one or more surfaces of an ophthalmic optical element for an eye suffering at least from higher order aberrations includes computing an eye model and optimizing a merit function. The eye model may be computed from data on defocus of the eye, astigmatism of the eye and the higher order aberrations. The merit function may be defined in terms of the eye model and in terms of parameters of a representation of the surfaces. The optimization of the merit function yields a set of optimized parameters which can be used to obtain a description of the surfaces. The ophthalmic optical element may be a lens for spectacles, a contact lens, an intraocular lens or a multifocal lens for spectacles. The method may also be used to design the topography of corneal tissue.

Ophthalmic optical elements and methods for the design thereof

A method for determining or designing the topography of at least one unknown surface of an optical element includes the steps of measuring or prescribing geometrical properties, determining a set of integration equations from the geometrical properties, and determining the topography of the at least one unknown surface from the set of equations. The set of integration equations is determined also from the optical index or indexes of the optical element. The geometrical properties measured or prescribed are the geometric properties of a plurality of rays incident upon the optical element and of a corresponding plurality of rays affected by at least the at least one unknown surface.

Method for determining and designing optical elements

A method for designing a surface of an optical element includes the steps of prescribing initial wavefronts, selecting an initial parameterized representation of the surface, choosing a cost function in the parameters, and optimizing the cost function with respect to the parameters. The step of optimizing includes the steps of calculating a refracted wavefront for each of the initial wavefronts and analytically computing derivatives of the cost function. The method may also include the steps of precomputing eikonal functions between points in the vicinity of the initial wavefronts. Then the refracted wavefronts are calculated from the precomputed eikonal functions. A method for designing at least one surface of a multifocal optical element includes the step of concurrently considering in a design of the at least one surface any combination of an astigmatism distribution, a progressive power distribution and a prism distribution. When designing at least one surface of an optical element, a representation for each particular surface is created with a set of discrete points. Then for each discrete point in the set, nearest neighbor points from the set are selected, the particular surface is approximated in a vicinity of the discrete point by a polynomial of a predetermined order in two variables of the particular surface, and the coefficients of the polynomial are determined according to the selected nearest neighbor points without requiring continuity between polynomials for neighboring discrete points.

Wavefront method for designing optical elements

A method for designing a surface of a multifocal optical element, such as a progressive spectacle lens, includes the steps of partitioning a region into triangles, defining a set of functions, each representing a portion of the surface over one of the triangles, and optimizing the functions. A further embodiment includes the steps of partitioning a region into polygons, and defining a set of functions, each representing a portion of the surface over one of the polygons. Continuity constraints for values of the functions and values of the first derivatives of the functions at boundaries of the polygons are dictated. Continuity constraints for values of the second derivatives of the functions at boundaries of the polygons are not required. The functions are optimized subject to the dictated continuity constraints. Another embodiment includes the steps of partitioning a region into polygons, and defining a set of functions, each representing a portion of the surface over one of the polygons. A plurality of curves along a subset of boundaries of the polygons is determined. Values of at least one of the set including the functions, first derivatives of the functions and second derivatives of the functions, or any combination therefrom, are prescribed at selected vertices of polygons coincident with the plurality of curves. The functions are optimized subject to the prescribed values.

Method for the design of multifocal optical elements

A method for determining an optical surface includes the steps of receiving data relating to a plurality of rays prior to and after refraction or reflection from the optical surface, determining a set of integration equations from the data, and determining the optical surface from the set of equations.

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Misgav, Israel

Jacob Rubinstein