Champion International Corporation Limited

Jack M Kleinfeld

A heating element comprising: a body having a heating section; heating means inserted in or adjacent to said body, said means capable of generating heat, having a heat flux Q.sub.1 at a temperature T.sub.1 ; and heat transfer and concentration means capable of transferring said heat from said heating means to said heating section and concentrating said heat in said section such that said section has a heat flux Q.sub.2 at a temperature of T.sub.2, where Q.sub.2 is greater than Q.sub.1 and where T.sub.2 is equal to or less than T.sub.1.

Recovery boiler smelt spout

Method and apparatus for opening discharge outlets

A method for shutting down and starting up a chemical recovery process of the type comprising burning concentrated black liquor in the furnace of a recovery boiler to produce a flue gas and a hot molten smelt in the bottom of said furnace and discharging the hot molten smelt in a continuous yet variable quantity via a smelt spout into a dissolving tank partially filled with an aqueous solution, said method comprising:

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Bronx, NY, United States of America

Jack M Kleinfeld