The Lubrizol Corporation

Jack L Karn

John M Cahoon

Willis P Nichols

Kirk E Davis

Mary F Salomon

Jody A Kocsis

Nai Z Huang

Daniel M Vargo

Paul E Adams

Craig D Tipton

James P Roski

David E Ripple

Daniel E Barrer

William K Cleveland

Albert F Baumann

Laurence E King

Thomas R Smith

Vincent A Notaro

Joseph P Fischer

Frank D Burke, Jr

The invention relates to a process for preparing an overbased metal detergent in an oil medium comprising the steps of: (1) providing a metal salt selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl-substituted organic acid; a hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol, a phenate, a hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylate and mixtures thereof; (2) further providing methanol and a mixture of alcohols containing 2 to about 7 carbon atoms, wherein the mole ratio of methanol to the mixture of alcohols is about 2.2 or less, to form a mixture; (3) further providing a basic metal compound; (4) reacting the mixture of step (3) with carbon dioxide to form a carbonated overbased metal sulphonate; (5) performing steps (3) and (4) at least three additional times upon the product of step (4); (6) thereafter removing at least a portion of the water produced in steps (1)-(5) and of the alcohols introduced in step (2); (7) performing step (2) again, upon the product of step (6); (8) performing steps (3) and (4) at least two additional times upon the product of step (7); and (9) thereafter removing a substantial portion of the water and of the alcohols from the composition; wherein the oil medium is present in an amount such that the weight ratio of the acid corresponding to the metal salt of (1) to the oil medium is 0.3 to 1.4; and wherein step (6) is required when the hydrocarbyl-substituted organic acid is a hydrocarbyl-substituted sulphonic acid. The invention further relates to its use in internal combustion engines.

Process for preparing an overbased detergent

Lubricants containing metal salts of hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxyalkylene-linked phenols, dihydrocarbyl esters of alkylene dicarboxylic acids, the alkylene group being substituted with a hydroxy group and an additional carboxylic acid group, or alkylene-linked polyaromatic molecules, the aromatic moieties whereof comprise at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted phenol and at least one carboxy phenol, where the hydrocarbyl groups are of sufficient length to provide oil solubility to the salt, exhibit good asphaltene suspension for marine diesel applications. Preferably the salts are overbased.

Overbased metal salts useful as additives for fuels and lubricants

Two-stroke cycle engines can be effectively lubricated by supplying to the engine a mixture of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a hydrocarbyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid or an ester, unsubstituted amide, hydrocarbyl-substituted amide, ammonium salt, hydrocarbylamine salt, or monovalent metal salt thereof in an amount suitable to reduce piston deposits in said engine. The mixture supplied to the engine contains less than 0.06 percent by weight of divalent metals.

Salicylate salts as lubricant additives for two-cycle engines

A lubricating oil composition is described which comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and

Lubricating compositions and concentrates

An overbased material is prepared in a liquid ester medium which is subject to saponification upon exposure to strong base, by preparing a mixture of an acidic material having at least about 8 carbon atoms in a volatile oleophilic medium which is substantially inert to base; adding to the mixture a stoichiometric excess of a metal base; adding to the mixture a gaseous acidic material under conditions to react with substantially all of the stoichiometric excess of the metal base; and adding the liquid ester medium to the resulting material.

Overbased materials in ester media

A lubricating oil composition is described which comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and (A) at least about 1% by weight of at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting

This invention relates to a lubricating oil composition, comprising:

Lubricating compositions

This invention relates to a composition comprising at least one sulfurized overbased product made by contacting (A) at least one overbased product or (A') at least one boron-containing overbased product with (B) sulfur and/or at least one source of sulfur; said overbased product (A) or boron-containing overbased product (A') being made using at least one acidic material, with the proviso that when said acidic material is other than SO.sub.2 or a source of SO.sub.2 said overbased product (A) or boron-containing overbased product (A') is contacted with an effective amount of SO.sub.2 or a source of SO.sub.2 to displace at least part of said acidic material. In one embodiment the sulfurized overbased product is an overbased thiosulfate or a boron-containing overbased thiosulfate. In one embodiment, the sulfurized overbased product is made using the overbased product (A) and the composition further comprises at least one non-sulfurized boron-containing overbased product. The sulfurized overbased products are thermally stable and are useful as extreme pressure (EP) and/or anti-wear agents or antioxidants for use in lubricants, functional fluids and normally liquid fuels. The functional fluids can be oil-based, water-oil emulsions or water-based. The sulfurized overbased products are particularly suitable for use as EP and/or anti-wear agents for use in gear lubricants and cutting fluids. In one embodiment lubricating compositions are provided that pass both the L-37 High Torque Test and the L-42 High Speed Shock Test without the necessity of employing phosphorus and sulfurized olefin anti-wear systems in their formulation.

Sulfurized overbased compositions

The invention includes a lubricating composition comprising a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, and a minor amount of (A) a sulfite or sulfate overbased or borated overbased metal salt of an acidic organic compound, wherein the lubricating composition contains less than 1.5% by weight of the reaction product of a polyisobutene substituted succinic anhydride and a polyamine, and provided that when (A) is a sulfate overbased or borated overbased metal salt, then the lubricating composition includes (B) at least one phosphorous of boron antiwear/extreme pressure agent, or (C) a sulfur compound. The invention also includes grease and functional fluids containing the sulfite and sulfate overbased metal salts. These composition have improved antiwear, antiweld, and extreme pressure properties.

Lubricants, functional fluid and grease compositions containing sulfite

The invention relates to a composition, comprising: at least one basic alkali metal salt of at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted acidic organic compound, wherein the hydrocarbyl group is derived from a polyalkene having an Mn of at least 600, provided that when the organic compound is a sulfonic acid, the polyalkene has an Mn of at least 900; and provided that when the acidic organic compound is a mixture of acidic organic compounds containing a carboxylic acid and a sulfonic acid which has a hydrocarbyl group derived from a polyalkene having an Mn of less than 900, then the carboxylic acid comprises at least 10% of the equivalents of the mixture. Methods for preparing the salts and lubricating compositions containing the salts are described.

Overbased alkali salts and methods for making same

This invention describes highly reactive polymers obtained from lower monomers. The polymers are particularly useful in alkylation reactions.

Lower alkene polymers

Overbased calcium salts, low in chloride content, are prepared using as a promoter a mixture of an alcohol and an inorganic calcium salt other than chloride which is soluble in the alcohol mixture.

Low chlorine overbased calcium salts

Sulfite overbased compositions which are particularly useful in metal-working compositions are obtained.

Sulfite overbased products and process

A diesel lubricant exhibiting improved ability to minimize undesirable viscosity increases when used in diesel engines is described. More particularly, in accordance with the present invention, a diesel lubricant is described which comprises a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount, sufficient to minimize undesirable viscosity increases of the lubricant when used in diesel engines, of a composition comprising (A) at least one carboxylic derivative composition produced by reacting at least one substituted succinic acylating agent with at least one amino compound containing at least one --NH-- group wherein said acylating agent consists of substituent groups and succinic groups wherein the substituent groups are derived from polyalkene characterized by an Mn value of at least about 1200 and an Mw/Mn ratio of at least about 1.5, and wherein said acylating agents are characterized by the presence within their structure of an average of at least about 1.3 succinic groups for each equivalent weight of substituent groups, and (B) at least one basic alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of at least one acidic organic compound having a metal ratio of at least about 2. The composition should have a TBN in the range of about 6 to about 15, with the sucinnic acid derivative contributing about 0.5 to 1.5 TBN to the composition. The alkali or alkaline earth metal salts (detergents) should contribute the rest of the TBN of the composition. TBN is measured by the ASTM D2896 method. Magnesium should contribute less than about 30% of the total TBN of the composition. The invention also includes methods for operating diesel engines which comprises lubricating said engines during operation with the diesel lubricants of the invention.

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Richmond Heights, OH, United States of America

Jack L Karn