Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno

Stichting Energieonderzoek Centrum Nederland

Saudi Arabian Oil Company

Posco

Research Institute of Industrial Science & Technology

Jaap Ferdinand Vente

Paul Dean Cobden

Franciscus Petrus Felix Van Berkel

Johan Evert Ten Elshof

Hessel Lennart Castricum

Maria Dirkje Anna Rietkerk

Willem Gerrit Haije

Hendricus Adrianus Johannes Van Dijk

Aqil Jamal

Aadesh Harale

Stephen N Paglieri

Henk Martin Van Veen

Joon-Hyun Baik

Gerard De Jong

Henk Van Veen

David Hermanus Adrianus Blank

Francesco Sebastiani

Folkert Petrus Cuperus

Johannis Pieter Overbeek

Marc Matheus Antonius Van Tuel

Vasileios Sfakianakis

Ashima Sah

Henk Martin Veen

Rob Kreiter

Anatolie Motelica

David Hermanus Blank

Maria Dirkje Rietkerk

Mariadriana Creatore

Robert Kreiter

Patrick Herve Tchoua Ngamou

The present invention relates to a process for the production of carbon dioxide and ammonia for the production of urea or ammonium carbamate from residual gases in the steel and metal industries, in particular basic oxygen furnace (BOF) gas and/or blast furnace (BF) gas. The process according to the invention comprises: (a) subjecting a mixture comprising (i) basic oxygen furnace gas and/or blast furnace gas and (ii) steam to a separation-enhanced water gas shift reaction to obtain a first product gas comprising Hand Nand a second product gas comprising CO; (b) subjecting the first product gas originating from step (a) to NHsynthesis to obtain a product gas comprising NH; and (c) optionally subjecting at least part of the COoriginating from step (a) and at least part of the NHoriginating from step (b) to the synthesis of urea or ammonium carbamate.

Production of carbon dioxide and ammonia from residual gases in the steel and metal industries

The invention relates to an improved process and system for the synthesis of dimethyl ether (DME) from a feedstock comprising Hand CO, wherein x=1-2. The process according to the invention comprises (a) subjecting the gaseous mixture comprising synthesis gas originating from step (c) to DME synthesis by contacting it with a catalyst capable of converting synthesis gas to DME to obtain a gaseous mixture comprising DME; (b) subjecting a gaseous mixture comprising the gaseous mixture originating from step (a) to a separation-enhanced reverse water gas shift reaction; and (c) subjecting the gaseous mixture originating from step (b) to DME/synthesis gas separation to obtain DME and a gaseous mixture comprising synthesis gas, which is recycled to step (a). Herein, the feedstock is introduced in step (a) or step (b) and the molar ratio of Hto COin the gaseous mixture which is subjected to step (b) is at least (x+0.8). Also a system for performing the reaction according to the invention is disclosed.

Process and system for producing dimethyl ether

A system and method for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon and steam, including a membrane reformer with multiple membrane reactors each having a tubular membrane. The bore of the tubular membrane is the permeate side for the hydrogen. The region external to the tubular membrane is the retentate side for carbon dioxide. A sweep gas flows through the bore to displace hydrogen in a direction countercurrent to flow of hydrocarbon and steam in the region external to the tubular membrane. The method includes discharging hydrogen as permeate with the sweep gas from the bore, and discharging carbon dioxide in the region external to the tubular membrane as retentate from the membrane reactor.

Hydrogen production with membrane reformer

An apparatus for separating dimethyl carbonate using pervaporation includes: an atmospheric distillation column and a high pressure distillation column distilling a mixture containing dimethyl carbonate and methanol and separating dimethyl carbonate from the mixture; and a pervaporation membrane module disposed between the atmospheric distillation column and the high pressure distillation column and allowing for permeation of the methanol to separate the methanol from the mixture, thereby reducing heat consumption and a process cost as compared to the case of only using an existing pressure swing distillation method.

Method and apparatus for purification of dimethyl carbonate using pervaporation

The invention provides a membrane suitable for dewatering acidic mixtures, comprising a bridged organosilica directly applied on a macroporous support in the absence of an intermediate mesoporous or finer layer. The bridged organic silica comprises divalent C-Corganic groups Aand/or trivalent C-Corganic groups Adirectly bound to the silicon atoms of the organosilica. In particular, the membrane comprises bis-silylmethane or bis-silylethane groups. The membranes effectively separate water from acidic mixtures at high temperatures and without decrease in performance for at least several months.

Membranes for dewatering acid mixtures

A microporous organic-inorganic hybrid membrane based on silica of the invention has an average pore diameter of less than 0.6 nm, and comprises bridging organosilane moieties of the formula &#x2261;OSi&#x2014;CHR&#x2014;SiO&#x2261; or &#x2261;OSi&#x2014;CH(CH3)&#x2014;SiO&#x2261;. The membrane can be used in the separation of hydrogen from mixtures comprising hydrogen and CH, CO, CO, N, and the like, and in the separation of water from alcohols having 1-3 carbon atoms, optionally in the presence of an inorganic or organic acid.

Hybrid silica membrane for water removal from lower alcohols and hydrogen separation

A hydrothermally stable, microporous organic-inorganic hybrid membrane based on silica, having an mean pore diameter of between 0.2 and 1.5 nm, is characterised in that between 5 and 40 mole % of the Si&#x2014;O&#x2014;Si bonds have been replaced by moieties having the one of the formulas: Si&#x2014;{[CH()X]&#x2014;Si&#x2014;}, Si&#x2014;[CH()X]&#x2014;Si or Si&#x2014;CH&#x2014;Si{(CH)&#x2014;Si&#x2014;}in which m=1-8, n=2m, 2m&#x2212;2, 2m&#x2212;4, 2m&#x2212;6 or 2m&#x2212;8; provided that n&#x2267;2, X=H or (CH)Si, p=0 or 1, and q=1, 2, 3 or 4. The membrane can be produced by acid-catalysed hydrolysis of suitable bis-silane precursors such as bis(trialkoxysily)alkanes, preferably in the presence of monoorganyl-silane precursors such as trialkoxy-alkylsilanes.

Microporous molecular separation membrane with high hydrothermal stability

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Alkmaar, Netherlands

Jaap Ferdinand Vente