Plurion Limited

Plurion Systems, Inc.

J Peter Millington

Stephen Harrison

Robert Lewis Clarke

Samaresh Mohanta

Brian Dougherty

Bernd Busse

A battery (B) comprises an electrolyte in which a first element forms a redox pair with a second element, wherein the battery (B) is charged at a voltage sufficient to plate the first element at the anode (B) and wherein the voltage is insufficient to plate the second element on the anode (B). Preferred batteries include secondary batteries comprising a mixed electrolyte that includes a redox pair formed by a first element and a second element.

Mixed electrolyte battery

An electric device comprises a gelled acid electrolyte (A) in complex with a lanthanide that forms a redox pair with a second element. Preferred electric devices include batteries and especially primary batteries, while preferred acid electrolytes (A) have a sulfonic acid group. Contemplated lanthanides especially include cerium, and preferred second elements particularly include zinc. Alternatively, contemplated electric devices may comprise a gelled electrolyte (A) in which with a lanthanide forms a redox pair with zinc.

Battery with gelled electrolyte

A battery () comprises an electrolyte in which a lanthanide and zinc form a redox pair. Preferred electrolytes are acid electrolytes, and most preferably comprise methane sulfonic acid, and it is further contemplated that suitable electrolytes may include at least two lanthanides. Contemplated lanthanides include cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and dysprosium, and further contemplate lanthanides are samarium, europium, thulium and ytterbium.

Lanthanide batteries

An electric device has a plurality of cells in which in an acid electrolyte a lanthanide and zinc form a redox couple that provide a current, and in which at least two of the cells are separated by a bipolar electrode that comprises a glassy carbon or a Magneli phase titanium suboxide.

Electric devices with improved bipolar electrode

A battery comprises an acid electrolyte in which a compound provides acidity to the electrolyte and further increases solubility of at least one metal in the redox pair. Especially preferred compounds include alkyl sulfonic acids and alkyl phosphonic acids, and particularly preferred redox coupled include Co/Zn, Mn/Zn, Ce/V, Ce/Ti, Ce/Zn, and Pb/Pb.

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Chesire, United Kingdom

J Peter Millington