Synthetic Genomics, Inc.

Other

Glaxosmithkline Biologicals Sa

Applera Corporation

Codex Dna, Inc.

Human Genome Sciences, Inc.

Novartis Ag

Johns Hopkins University

Novartis Vaccines & Diagnostics, Gmbh

J. Craig Venter Institute

Telesis Bio Inc.

Sgi-dna, Inc.

J Craig Venter

Hamilton O Smith

Daniel Glenn Gibson

Clyde A Hutchison

Owen White

Claire M Fraser

Lei Young

Guido Grandi

Mark D Adams

Mariagrazia Pizza

Rino Rappuoli

Vega Masignani

Maria Scarselli

Cesira Galeotti

Giulio Ratti

Herve Tettelin

Marirosa Mora

Vincenzo Scarlato

Erin Hickey

Jeremy Petersen

Robert D Fleischmann

John Irvin Glass

Ray-Yuan Chuang

Vladimir N Noskov

Carole Lartigue

Eric J Mathur

Gerardo Vicente Toledo

Trevor Woodage

John E Gill

Gangadharan Subramanian

Francis Kalush

Anibal Cravchik

Ashwinikumar Naik

William Rowe

Xiangjun Liu

Jinghui N Zhang

Gwynedd A Benders

Charles E Merryman

Sanjay Vashee

Toby Howard Richardson

Bogumil J Karas

Krishna Kannan

Chuck Merryman

Kim S Wise

Carol J Bult

Carl R Woese

Mikkel A Algire

Lin Ding

Hwai Wen Chang

Jeannine D Gocayne

Wayne Green

Clyde A Hutchison, Iii

Mariarosa Mora

Hervé Tettelin

Ulrich Stingl

John I Glass

Nina Alperovich

Nacyra Assad-Garcia

Enzo Scalato

Mariagratia Pizza

Clyde A Hutchison Iii

Clyde A Iii Hutchison

The present invention relates to methods of joining two or more double-stranded (ds) or single-stranded (ss) DNA molecules of interest in vitro, wherein the distal region of the first DNA molecule and the proximal region of the second DNA molecule of each pair share a region of sequence identity. The method allows the joining of a large number of DNA fragments, in a predetermined order and orientation, without the use of restriction enzymes. It can be used, e.g., to join synthetically produced sub-fragments of a gene or genome of interest. Kits for performing the method are also disclosed. The methods of joining DNA molecules may be used to generate combinatorial libraries useful to generate, for example, optimal protein expression through codon optimization, gene optimization, and pathway optimization.

Methods for in vitro joining and combinatorial assembly of nucleic acid molecules

Methods for generating synthetic genomes, for example synthetic genomes having desired properties or viable genomes of reduced size, are disclosed. Also disclosed are synthetic genomes produced by the methods disclosed herein and synthetic cells containing the synthetic genomes disclosed herein.

Generation of synthetic genomes

The present invention provides a system for receiving biological sequence information and activating the synthesis of a biological entity. The system has a receiving unit for receiving a signal encoding biological sequence information transmitted from a transmitting unit. The transmitting unit can be present at a remote location from the receiving unit. The system also has an assembly unit connected to the receiving unit, and the assembly unit assembles the biological entity according to the biological sequence information. Thus, according to the present invention biological sequence information can be digitally transmitted to a remote location and the information converted into a biological entity, for example a protein useful as a vaccine, immediately upon being received by the receiving unit and without further human intervention after preparing the system for receipt of the information. The invention is useful, for example, for rapidly responding to viral and other biological threats that are specific to a particular locale.

Digital to biological converter

Methods are provided for constructing a synthetic genome, comprising generating and assembling nucleic acid cassettes comprising portions of the genome, wherein at least one of the nucleic acid cassettes is constructed from nucleic acid components that have been chemically synthesized, or from copies of the chemically synthesized nucleic acid components. In one embodiment, the entire synthetic genome is constructed from nucleic acid components that have been chemically synthesized, or from copies of the chemically synthesized nucleic acid components. Rational methods may be used to design the synthetic genome (e.g., to establish a minimal genome and/or to optimize the function of genes within a genome, such as by mutating or rearranging the order of the genes). Synthetic genomes of the invention may be introduced into vesicles (e.g., bacterial cells from which part or all of the resident genome has been removed, or synthetic vesicles) to generate synthetic cells. Synthetic genomes or synthetic cells may be used for a variety of purposes, including the generation of synthetic fuels, such as hydrogen or ethanol.

Method of nucleic acid cassette assembly

A method to assemble any desired nucleic acid molecule by combining cassettes in vitro to form assemblies which are further combined in vivo, or by assembling large numbers of DNA fragments by recombination in a yeast culture to obtain desired DNA molecules of substantial size is described.

Assembly of large nucleic acids

The invention described below relates to an enclosed cell sorting device and methods of using the device. The device is constructed so that the entire process of cell sorting can be conducted under fully anaerobic conditions to retain viability of anaerobic cells before, during, and after cell sorting. This is accomplished by creating an anaerobic atmosphere for the high speed cell sorter and all its components and by the use of airlocks that allow the introduction of anaerobic containers into the chamber containing the sample.

System and methods for anaerobic environmental microbial compartmentalized cultivation

The presently disclosed invention relates to methods of installing a genome isolated from one species (the donor) into suitably prepared cells of a second species (the recipient). Introduction of the donor genetic material into the recipient host cell effectively converts the recipient host cell into a new cell that, as a result of the operation of the donated genetic material, is functionally classified as belonging to the genus and species of the donor genetic material.

Methods of genome installation in a recipient host cell

A method is provided for introducing a genome into a cell or cell-like system. The introduced genome may occur in nature, be manmade with or without automation, or may be a hybrid of naturally occurring and manmade materials. The genome is obtained outside of a cell with minimal damage. Materials such as a proteins, RNAs, polycations, nucleoid condensation proteins, or gene translation systems may accompany the genome. The genome is installed into a naturally occurring cell or into a manmade cell-like system. A cell-like system or synthetic cell resulting from the practice of the provided method may be designed and used to yield gene-expression products, such as desired proteins. By enabling the synthesis of cells or cell-like systems comprising a wide variety of genomes, accompanying materials and membrane types, the provided method makes possible a broader field of experimentation and bioengineering than has been available using prior art methods.

Installation of genomes or partial genomes into cells or cell-like systems

Compositions and methods are disclosed herein for cloning a donor genome in a heterologous host cell. In one embodiment, the donor genome can be further modified within a host cell. Modified or unmodified genomes can be further isolated from the host cell and transferred to a recipient cell. Methods disclosed herein can be used to alter donor genomes from intractable donor cells in more tractable host cells.

Methods for cloning and manipulating genomes

Growing community of inventors

La Jolla, CA, United States of America

J Craig Venter