Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha

Minolta Company, Ltd.

Konica-minolta Holdings, Inc.

Toeisangyo Co., Ltd.

Isao Doi

Izumi Osawa

Kenji Masaki

Shuji Iino

Hideo Hotomi

Akihito Ikegawa

Seishi Ojima

Masanori Fujiwara

Toshiya Natsuhara

Keiko Momotani

Mitsutoshi Nakamura

Keiko Nagayasu

Syuji Iino

Tomohiko Masuda

Tsukasa Yagi

Ken Matsubara

Yuji Kamoda

Masashi Yamamoto

Itaru Saito

Hiroshi Mizuno

Kenichi Wada

Nobuhisa Ishida

Yasuo Nishi

Atsuro Yanata

Tomoko Miyaura

Toshiyuki Kobayashi

Yoshihiro Uchimoto

Nobuhiro Ueno

Yumiko Takedomi

Hiroshi Oshitani

Hotomi Hideo

Toshiya Natsuhasra

Yasuyuki Hiromoto

Takeshi Kakutani

A manufacturing method of nozzle plate for liquid ejection head includes, providing a substrate having a first base material of Si and a second base material, of which the etching rate in Si anisotropic dry etching is lower then that of Si, provided on one side of the first base material, forming a film as a second etching mask on the surface of the second base material, forming a second etching mask pattern having a small-diameter opening shape in the second etching mask film, etching until the etching part is extended through the second base material, forming a film as a first etching mask film on the surface of the first base material, forming a first etching mask pattern having a large-diameter opening shape in the first etching mask film, and Si anisotropic dry etching until the etched part is extended through the first base material.

Method of manufacturing a nozzle plate for a liquid ejection head

Provided is a method for manufacturing a nozzle plate which has a through hole having an ejection port. In the method, the through hole, which has one opening as an ejection port for ejecting the liquid, is arranged on a Si substrate by an anisotropic etching method wherein etching and side wall protection film formation are alternately repeated to the Si substrate and the following steps are performed in the following order; forming a film to be an etching mask on a surface of the Si substrate whereupon the ejection port is to be formed, forming the etching mask pattern having an opening for forming the thorough hole by performing photolithography and etching to a film to be the etching mask, and performing the etching by the anisotropic etching method by satisfying the conditional expression.

Method for manufacturing nozzle plate for liquid ejection head, nozzle plate for liquid ejection head and liquid ejection head

Liquid ejecting apparatusfor ejecting electrically charged droplets of the liquid solution onto base member K, which includes liquid ejecting headto eject the droplets from top endof nozzle, with the inner diameter equal to or less than 100 &#x3bc;m, liquid solution supplying sectionto supply the liquid solution into nozzle, and ejection voltage applying sectionto apply the ejection voltage onto the liquid solution in nozzle. In liquid ejecting apparatus, nozzleprojects toward the droplet ejecting direction from nozzle planeon nozzle platefacing base member K, whereby the projecting length of nozzleis equal to or less than 30 &#x3bc;m.

Liquid solution ejecting apparatus

A light shutter device including a group of light shutter elements and formed on a light shutter chip made of PLZT has a construction in which an electrode gap is set wider in a element in which an electric field acts more strongly to equalize half wavelength voltages of elements almost to the same level since electric fields acting on the elements are different in strength from each other even under a prescribed voltage applied between a common electrode and each of individual electrodes . An electrode gap of an element having a weaker electric field is comparatively set narrower, whereas an electrode gap of an element having a stronger electric field is set comparatively wider. Moreover, a shape of electrodes of each element are altered so as to make half wavelength voltages of elements almost equal.

Light shutter device

A light shutter device which has a plurality of light transmitting portions (light shutter elements) on a planar PLZT substrate. By applying voltages between a common electrode and individual electrodes to apply electric fields to the light shutter elements, the light shutter elements transmit and shut light individually. Suppose each of the individual electrodes faces the common electrode at a distance L and has a dimension W in a direction perpendicular to the direction of electric field, W/L>2. Suppose each of the individual electrodes has a dimension D in the direction of electric field, preferably D/L>0.5. Further, the individual electrodes are so placed that the distance between a side of one light shutter element which extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction of electric field and each of the individual electrodes which drive the other light shutter elements is not less than 5L.

A light shutter device which, on a planar PLZT substrate, has a plurality of light transmitting portions (light shutter elements) which are disposed in two groups separated by a common electrode, and individual electrodes provided for the respective elements. Adjacent light shutter elements in each of the groups are arranged in mutually different lines so as to inhibit crosstalk.

Disclosed is a light shutter device comprising a plurality of optical element for modulating light passing therethrough. Each optical element is made of PLZT and the surface of a light modulating region of each optical element is coated with a thin film. The surface electrical resistance on the thin film is 10.sup.10 .OMEGA./sq or less.

Optical element and light shutter device using the same

An image forming apparatus includes a first conductive member, a photoelectric transfer layer mounted on the first conductive member, a surface electrode mounted adjacent to the photoelectric transfer layer but away from the first conductive layer, a dielectric layer opposed to the surface electrode, a second conductive member mounted on one surface of the dielectric layer away from the photoelectric transfer layer. A first power supply is provided for applying a voltage V.sub.c between first and second conductive members and a second power supply is provided for applying a voltage V.sub.b between the surface electrode and the second conductive member. The image forming apparatus satisfies following relationship:

Image forming apparatus

A contact charging device, in which a contact member for charging has a surface including a contact portion to be in contact with a charge receiving member as well as a charge contributing portion having a surface resistivity (.rho.s) of 1.times.10.sup.5 .OMEGA./.quadrature. or less. A maximum distance between the contributing portion and the charge receiving member is in a range from 5 .mu.m to 60 .mu.m. Alternatively, an electric power formed of a DC component is applied to the contact member to produce a potential difference in a range from 550 v to 750 v between the applied power and a potential at the surface of the charge receiving member before being charged by the electric power.

Charging method and charging device

An electrostatic recording apparatus 1 for forming an electrostatic image on an electric charge carrying member 2 comprises a photoelectric transfer member 14 spaced from the electric charge carrying member 2, a floating electrode 16 provided on a first surface of the photoelectric transfer member 14, an electric power supply 27 for applying a voltage between the second surface of the photoelectric transfer member 14 and the second surface of the electric charge carrying member 2, and an exposure device 8 for exposing a second surface of the photoelectric transfer member 14. The floating electrode 16 having an electric discharge terminal 18a close to the electric charge carrying member 2. When the exposure device 8 exposes a second surface of the photoelectric transfer member 14, the carriers generated in the photoelectric transfer member 14 move toward the floating electrode 16 to cause an electric discharge between the electric discharge terminal 18a of the floating electrode 16 and the electric charge carrying member 2, which allows an electrostatic image to be formed on the electric charge carrying member 2.

Electrostatic recording apparatus having a floating electrode on a

The present invention provides a contact charging device, in which a contact member for charging is in contact with a charge receiving member for charging the same while suppressing charging irregularity. The contact member has a surface to be in contact with the charge receiving member. This surface has a volume resistivity in a range from 1.times.10.sup.4 .OMEGA..multidot.cm to 1.times.10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.cm, and has a surface resistivity in a range from 1.times.10.sup.5 .OMEGA./.quadrature. to 1.times.10.sup.10 .OMEGA./.quadrature.. Alternatively, the contact member has a surface to be in contact with the charge receiving member. This surface of the contact member has a surface hardness which provides a scratch width of 1 .mu.m or less under scratch hardness test.

An image forming apparatus of the present invention comprises an image carrying member 2, a photosensitive member 9, a first voltage applying means 13, and an exposure means 5. The image carrying member 2 has an insulating layer 25 formed on a first conductive layer 23. The photosensitive member 9 has a photosensitive layer 93 formed on a second conductive layer 92. The photosensitive member 9 is supported so that the photosensitive layer 93 is opposed to the insulating layer 25 of the image carrying member 2. The first voltage applying means 13 applies a voltage between the first conductive layer 25 and the second conductive layer 92. A pattern-like surface electrode layer 98 is formed on the surface of the photosensitive layer 93 opposed to the image carrying member 2. A second voltage applying means 14 applies a bias voltage to the surface electrode layer 98. The exposure means exposes the photosensitive member 9 to discharge between the pattern-like surface electrode layer 98 and the image carrying member 2, thereby, an electrostatic latent image is formed on the surface of the image carrying member 2.

Electrophotographic image forming apparatus with low ozone generation

An image forming apparatus having an insulated member disposed adjacent to a photosensitive member, a scanner exposing an image on the photosensitive member in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the insulated member while voltage is applied between the photosensitive member and the insulated member so as to provide a charge on the insulated member surface corresponding to the optical exposure image. The exposure position exposed by the scanner is changed in the direction of movement of the image-bearing member for each scan.

In electrophotographic image forming, there are provided a charging device and an image forming apparatus provided with the charging device for forming an image including no or less image noise by sufficiently suppressing generation of image memory due to untransferred residual developer. The charging device has, for example, a charging brush formed of a roller and a strip-like fiber member having a plurality of piles wound therearound. The brush satisfies a condition of 0.7s&lt;d&lt;1.5s where d(mm) is a wound margin of the strip-like fiber member, and s(mm) is an average distance between the piles in a width direction of the fiber strip member.

Charging device and image forming apparatus

A contact charging device which charges the surface of an electrostatic latent image carrying member rotating at a high speed by contacting a charging member to the surface of the image carrying member. The charging member has a conductive substrate, a conductive elastic layer superimposed over the conductive substrate and having a JIS-A hardness of 30.degree. or greater, and a conductive resin layer superimposed over the conductive elastic layer and having a 10% elongation load of not more than 700 gf on a 1 cm wide section.

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Toyonaka, Japan

Isao Doi