California Institute of Technology

Honda Motor Co., Ltd.

Sienza Energy Inc.

Isabelle M Darolles

Morteza Gharib

Christopher John Brooks

Simon Christopher Jones

Hongjin Tan

Christopher J Brooks

Nam Hawn Chou

Qingmin Xu

Maksudul M Alam

Ryan Mckenney

Cedric M Weiss

Kaoru Omichi

Arunkumar Tiruvannamalai

Ryan K McKenney

Sohrab Hossain

Azin Fahimi

Adrianus I Aria

Sean A Mendoza

Jeffrey L Arias

Cong Wang

Nanditha Nair

Luciana Cendon

Shannon C Santana

Zarui S Chikneyan

A method of making core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles, and to electrodes comprising the same. The core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles and electrodes having the same are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, such as fluoride shuttle batteries. The shell may protect the metal core from oxidation, including in an electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, an electrochemically active structure includes a dimensionally changeable active material forming a particle that expands or contracts upon reaction with or release of fluoride ions. One or more particles are at least partially surrounded with a fluoride-conducting encapsulant and optionally one or more voids are formed between the active material and the encapsulant using sacrificial layers or selective etching. When the electrochemically active structures are used in secondary batteries, the presence of voids can accommodate dimensional changes of the active material.

Fluoride-ion electrochemical cell having electrochemically active structure with fluoride-containing shell

Battery electrodes using VACNT forests to create 3D electrode nanostructures, and methods of making, are described. The VACNTs are electrically and mechanically attached to the anode or cathode substrates, providing a large area of 3D surfaces for coating with active materials and high-conductivity electron pathways to the cell current collectors. A number of different active materials suitable for anodes and cathodes in lithium-ion batteries may be used to coat the individual carbon nanotubes. The high surface area provided by the VACNT forest and the nano-dimensions of the coated active materials enable both high energy-density and high power-density to be achieved with the same battery. Complete conformal coating of the individual CNTs may be achieved by a number of different methods, and coating with multiple active materials may be used to create nanolaminate coatings having improved electrochemical characteristics over single materials.

Atomic layer deposition on high-aspect-ratio electrode structures

The present disclosure relates to a method of making core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles, and to electrodes comprising the same. The core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles and electrodes comprising them are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, such as fluoride shuttle batteries. The shell may protect the metal core from oxidation, including in an electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, an electrochemically active structure includes a dimensionally changeable active material forming a particle that expands or contracts upon reaction with or release of fluoride ions. One or more particles are at least partially surrounded with a fluoride-conducting encapsulant and optionally one or more voids are formed between the active material and the encapsulant using sacrificial layers or selective etching. The fluoride-conducting encapsulant may comprise one or more metals. When the electrochemically active structures are used in secondary batteries, the presence of voids can accommodate dimensional changes of the active material.

Barium-doped composite electrode materials for fluoride-ion electrochemical cells

The present disclosure relates to a method of making core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles, and to electrodes comprising the same. The core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles and electrodes comprising them are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, such as fluoride shuttle batteries. The shell may protect the metal core from oxidation, including in an electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, an electrochemically active structure includes a dimensionally changeable active material forming a particle that expands or contracts upon reaction with or release of fluoride ions. One or more particles are at least partially surrounded with a fluoride-conducting encapsulant and optionally one or more voids are formed between the active material and the encapsulant using sacrificial layers or selective etching. When the electrochemically active structures are used in secondary batteries, the presence of voids can accommodate dimensional changes of the active material.

Composite electrode materials for fluoride-ion electrochemical cells

Features for rechargeable lithium ion batteries, the batteries optionally employing vertically aligned carbon nanotube scaffolding, are described. Methods of manufacture and a solid polymer electrolyte are described for 3-dimensional battery architectures using the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Poly(ethylene)oxide bis(azide) and graphene poly(lactic acid) composite coatings are also described for use in such batteries or others.

Vertical carbon nanotube and lithium ion battery chemistries, articles, architectures and manufacture

A composite electrolyte can include a crosslinked polymer formed from telechelic precursor polymers having at least two photoactivatable end functional groups and a molecular weight before crosslinking of between about 1,000 and 1,000,000 Daltons (Da); and a lithium (Li) salt. Electrochemical cells and batteries including such electrolytes are also disclosed, along with various methods of manufacture.

Crosslinked polymer electrolyte

A fluoride ion battery includes a substantially lithium-free anode and cathode. At least one of the anode or cathode contains fluorine, and a substantially lithium-free liquid electrolyte is used for charge transport. The electrolyte is liquid at temperatures below about 200 degrees Celsius, and can be formed from an organic-soluble fluoride salt dissolved in selected classes of solvents.

Fluoride ion battery electrolyte compositions

A lithium-free, anion based charge transport electrochemical system that uses fluoride ion transporting electrolytes, including ionic liquids, with and without various additives to improve performance, is described. The fluoride ion transporting electrolyte can be wholly or partly an ionic liquid that is typically liquid at temperatures less than 200 degrees Celsius. In other embodiments, electrolytes that remain liquid at less than 100 degrees Celsius are useful.

Fluoride ion battery compositions

Growing community of inventors

Azusa, CA, United States of America

Isabelle M Darolles