Institut Francais Du Pe'trole

Ifp Energies Nouvelles

Institut Du Petrole

Isabelle Durand

Bruno Delfort

Marie Velly

G&eacute;rard Hillion

Xavier Montagne

Thierry Lacome

Anne Sinquin

Fabrice Paille

Anne Jaecker

Gerard Hillion

Robert Stern

Bernard Bourbiaux

Bruno Garcia

Elena Sanz

Virgile Rouchon

Valerie Beaumont

Vivien Esnault

Jean-Francois Lecomte

Marie Marsiglia

Habiba Boulharts

Vlasios Leontidis

The present invention relates to a system of heat exchange between a building () and the Earth's subsurface (), comprising a closed loop with at least one pipe () installed in said subsurface () for heat exchange with subsurface (), and connected by connecting pipes () to at least one pipe () installed in said building () for heat exchange with building (), the closed loop comprising a circulation pump (P) for circulating a fluid through said closed loop, and the fluid comprising capsules containing phase change materials. The invention also relates to a method for cooling or heating a building () from the heat exchange system between a building () and the Earth's subsurface ().

System for heat exchange between a building and the earth's sub-soil comprising the circulation of phase change materials in a closed circuit

The invention is a method for the exploitation and/or monitoring of an underground formation having at least one reservoir comprising water, at least one gas species of interest and at least one atmospheric isotope of at least one rare gas present in dissolved form in the water of the reservoir. The method includes at least (1) taking at least one gas sample at the level of at least one collection of water from the reservoir, the collection being at the surface and the sampling being carried out to avoid any contamination with the air; (2) measuring at least the concentration of at least the gas species and the concentration of at least an atmospheric isotope of the rare gas in the gas sample; (3) determining the concentration of the gas species of interest dissolved in the water of the reservoir by a model.

Method for exploitation and/or monitoring of an aquifer comprising at least one dissolved gas

A process for producing biofuels by transforming triglycerides into at least two families of biofuels, monoesters of fatty acids and soluble ethers and/or acetals of glycerol, comprises:

Method for producing biofuels, transforming triglycerides into at least two biofuel families: fatty acid monoesters and ethers and/or soluble glycerol acetals

A diese fuel composition containing a major proportion of at least one diesel fuel and a minor proportion of at least one glycerol acetal carbonate of the formulae: in which: where R1 and R2 are defined as above.

Diesel fuel compositions that contain glycerol acetal carbonates

A diesel fuel compound has a major proportion of at least one diesel fuel and a minor proportion of at least one glycerol acetal corresponding to one of general formulas:in which:

Diesel fuel compounds containing glycerol acetals

A process for preparing a composition comprising a mixture with ester and amine function in the form of ester-amines, amines, salts of amines, monoglycerides and diglycerides all derived from monomeric, dimeric, trimeric, and/or tetrameric fatty acids contained in polymerized polyunsaturated oil comprising: (a) polymerizing a polyunsaturated vegetable or animal oil to form a polymerized oil, (b) treating the polymerized oil with water vapor, and (c) reacting the polymerized oil with an excess of at least one compound containing at least one hydroxyl function and at least one tertiary amine function, optionally in the presence of a catalyst. Said methods further comprise adding the compositions to an oil effluent as dispersing agents for hydrates.

Methods of making emulsifying and dispersing surfactants and their use

Process for the manufacture of compositions which can be used as emulsifying and dispersing surfactants the compositions obtained and their uses

The following are described herein: a composition that consists of a mixture that comprises at least amides, amines, ester-amides, ester-amines, amine salts and monoglycerides, that are all derived from monomeric, dimeric, trimeric and/or tetrameric fatty acids; a process for the production of said composition which comprises the transamidification reaction of a polyunsaturated vegetable oil that is polymerized thermally, with an excess of at least one amino alcohol, which may or may not be in the presence of a catalyst; and the uses of this composition particularly as an emulsifying agent that allow it, depending on the nature of the oil, to form an oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsion, as a solid-dispersing agent, or as an agent for the stabilization of foams in a liquid or an emulsion.

Composition that can be used as an emulsifying and dispersing surface agent and its production process

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Rueil Malmaison, France

Isabelle Durand