Ionics, Inc.

Irving D Elyanow

Keith James Sims

Li Zhang

Wayne A McRae

Russell James MacDonald

Arthur L Goldstein

Edgardo J Parsi

Thomas A Prato

Bruce T Batchelder

Richard G Parent

William E Katz

Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group:

Electrodialysis including filled cell electrodialysis

Improved electrodialysis (ED) stacks are disclosed having one or more components selected from the group: a) cation exchange membranes having ion exchange groups predominantly sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent cations and simultaneously therewith, cation exchange granules selective to monovalent cations as packing in the dilute compartments; b) anion exchange membranes having as ion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and substantially no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups or membranes which are selective to monovalent anions simultaneously therewith, anion exchange granules selective to monovalent anions as packing in the dilute compartments; c) as packing in the dilute compartment, anion exchange granules which are selective to monovalent anions, or cation exchange granules which are selective to monovalent cations, or cation exchange granules having as exchange groups a predominant amount of sulfonic acid groups and a minor amount of weakly acidic and/or weakly basic groups, or anion exchange granules consisting of organic polymers having as anion exchange groups only quaternary ammonium and/or quaternary phosphonium groups and almost no primary, secondary and/or tertiary amine and/or phosphine groups.

Electrodialysis ('ED') stacks are disclosed having components selected from the group:

Apparatus and method for introducing ion-exchange and other particulates into certain compartments of an assembled electrodeionization stack comprising flowing a slurry of said particulates into the compartments while employing strainers for particulate retention so as to form a packed bed in the compartments; also apparatus and method for flowing said particulates out of said stack in the form of a slurry.

Introducing and removing ion-exchange and other particulates rom an

Introducing and removing ion-exchange and other particulates from an

An electrodeionization polarity reversal apparatus is employed for the removal of dissolved salts from liquids. The preferred embodiment comprises the use of a fluid permeable filler of an equinormal mixture of anion and cation exchange material in both the ion-depleting and ion-concentration chambers while employing periodic symmetrical polarity reversal.

Electrodeionization polarity reversal apparatus and process

A corrosion resistant electrode connector assembly suitable for use in electrodialysis cells is disclosed, in which a jacket of titanium pipe is closely and mechanically fitted over an electrically conducting pipe comprised, for example, of copper. The assembly is flattened, closed at one end, and drilled to receive a plurality of connecting bolts. In use, an electrical conductor cable is attached to the assembly at the open end and the connector assembly securely bolted to an electrode.

Growing community of inventors

Lexington, MA, United States of America

Irving D Elyanow