Siemens Aktiengesellschaft

Ingmar Feigt

Gottfried Lange

Ottomar Jantsch

Jacques Borburgh

Wolf Rudiger Willig

Lothar Risch

Heinrich Diepers

Wolfram Wersing

Bertram Sachs

Karl Kempter

Reinhard Tielert

Ernst Feldtkeller

Hans Heinrich

Jacobus Borburgh

Raimund Oberschmid

The invention concerns electroradiographic image recording and reproducing apparatus in which a radiation image is stored as an electrical charge pattern in a photoconductive layer (6). This image is then converted, by scanning with a beam of light (22), into a sequence of electrical signals which are picked up by strip electrodes (7) arranged on the photoconductive layer surface. The signal-noise ratio may be improved and a large number of amplifiers may be eliminated, according to the invention, by providing a discharge electrode (8) on the photoconductive layer (6) at a distance from the ends of strip electrodes (7). During read-out, the respective strip electrode (7) along which the scanning takes place is electrically connected with the discharge electrode (8) by illuminating (23) the intermediate space (25) between the latter and the strip electrode (7). Such an apparatus is useful, in particular, for the visual reproduction of X-ray images in medical X-ray diagnostics.

Apparatus for recording and reproducing an electrographic image

An X-ray converter foil comprises a semiconductor layer and a carrier layer between which an electrode in the form of a conductive foil is disposed, the thickness of the semiconductor layer being less than 50 .mu.m. An X-ray amplification layer is attached to the carrier layer.

X-Ray converter foil

The invention relates to an apparatus for the taking of X-ray pictures, where there are between two radiation-transmitting electrodes two solid substance layers whose free sides lie in a charge storage layer. The first electrode is a photo-conducting layer which is impinged upon by image rays, while the second electrode is a photo-conducting layer which is impinged upon by an optical ray moved in a scanning raster, so that a reproducible signal is obtained. According to the invention, the time required per image is reduced and increased quantum yield is achieved at increased signal-to-noise ratio and greater dynamic range. There is correlated to the first photo-conducting layer a luminophor which transforms the image rays into light which is preferentially absorbed in this layer. An apparatus according to the invention is usable in particular in medical radio-diagnostics.

Apparatus for recording X-ray images

An apparatus for contact-free measurement of electrical charge images of the type generated on a storage plate as transmission images by means of electro-radiographic recording methods has a matrix of dynamically functioning probes, such as Kelvin probes, for scanning the effect of the electrostatic induction caused by the image on the storage plate, the outputs of the probes being amplified and supplied to a display device such as a picture screen. The individual probes of the matrix are electrically conductive elements and a mechanical oscillation is generated between the charge image and the probes in the field to be measured either by oscillating the probes or by oscillating the storage plate. The charge amounts electrostatically induced in the probes are tapped as the image signals.

Apparatus for contact-free measurement of electrical charge images

A recording and readout apparatus for X-rays has a storage layer whose charge distribution which is generated and stored by means of x-radiation during the recording is read out light-optically in point-by-point fashion. An image data storage of the readout may be provided along with a display apparatus for image observation.

Recording and readout apparatus for X-rays

In an exemplary embodiment, an electrical charge image is scanned by a matrix of integrated MOS components with a floating gate (or a switched floating gate), functioning as a matrix of potential sensors, to produce an image signal for display on a video screen. A minimum field effect transistor with source-follower circuitry is preferably employed as the potential sensor; the sensor outputs are linked to a shift register. The new component is suitable for employment for potential measurements in X-ray diagnostics.

Arrangement for contact-free measurement of electrical charge images in

In an exemplary embodiment, the transducer elements are arranged in rows and columns, the transducer elements bein contacted at both sides by oppositely disposed contact surfaces, and switches being associated with the contacts of the one contact surface as well as with the contacts of the other contact surface for the purpose of adjustment of preselectable transmitting and/or receiving surface of transducer elements during a transmitting/receiving cycle, in particular, for the purpose of dynamic focusing. It is an object of the disclosure to construct an ultrasonic array which can function with an optimally low outlay of switches and which if desired also permits a transition to continuously varied apertures. In accordance with the disclosure, this object is achieved in that transducer elements, with their one contact surface in the direction of the rows, and with their other contact surface in direction of the columns, are contacted together into groups, and that there is maximally associated, with each row group, an individual common row group switch, and that there is maximally associated, with each column group, an individual common column group switch. A transfer to continuously variable aperture is possible in the simplest manner if continuously variable switching elemets, such as controllable resistances, or the like, are utilized as transmitting and/or receiving switches.

Ultrasonic array

In exemplary embodiments, a transmitting layer of material having a relatively high dielectric constant and high acoustic impedance, and a receiving layer of material having a relatively low dielectric constant and low acoustic impedance are superimposed such that an optimum construction is provided which simultaneously creates optimum results for the instance of transmission and reception. The two layers are interconnected by means of hybrid techniques such that they mate in a laminar manner.

Ultrasonic transducer with a plastic piezoelectric receiving layer and a

In an exemplary embodiment a transducer comb for an ultrasonic array or a compound scanner consists of a specifiable number of transducer elements joined together in a specific area formation, the width of each transducer element being smaller than its height. In the case of sonic heads of this type, given an optimum radiation or receiving power, respectively, the lateral resolution is to be significantly improved. This is achieved by a transducer element arrangement comprising a fine subsidivision of the transducer elements in such a manner that the width of each individual transducer element lies markedly below half the wavelength (.lambda./2) of the radiated, or received, ultrasonic waves, whereby, however, within the arrangement, in each instance, always a specified number of transducer elements of the fine subdivision is combined into a group through parallel-connection. The total radiation/receiving surface, including the intermediate spaces, of such a group is to correspond to at least approximately the active area of an individual element of conventional transducer element arrangements. In spite of a relatively high loss due to the fine division of the transducer, at least the same radiation efficiency as in the case of conventional transducer arrangements results with the group interconnection, whereby, however, the echo response is virtually free of transverse vibrations.

Piezoelectric array using parallel connected elements to form groups

An improved strip detector and a method for making such a detector in which a high resistivity N conduction semiconductor body has electrode strips formed thereon by diffusion which strips are formed so as to be covered by an oxide layer at the surface point of the PN junction and in which the opposite side of the semiconductor body then has a substantial amount of material etched away to form a thin semiconductor upon which strip electrodes which are perpendicular to the electrodes on the first side are then placed.

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Erlangen, Germany

Ingmar Feigt