Lucent Technologies Inc.

Avaya Technology LLC

Ilya Alexander Korisch

Hui Wu

Ron Jay Barnett

Louis Thomas Manzione

Richard Franklin Schwartz

William J Garner

Charles Joseph Buondelmonte

Zhengxiang Ma

Yiu-Huen Wong

Ming-Ju Tsai

Romano M Zambon

Thaddeus Wojcik

Michael Sumetsky

Benjamin Rulf

Yoshinao Nakada

Elizabeth Aleiner

Richard F Schwartz

An apparatus and method for shielding an operator from electromagnetic fields emitted from an antenna in a portable communication device. A plurality of active shields are placed between the operator's earpiece and the antenna to dampen the effects of the electromagentic fields. The active shields are coupled to adjustment circuits which may include variable gain amplifiers and phase couplers to offset the antenna signal.

Apparatus for local reduction of electromagnetic field using an active shield and method thereof

A new physical design for electronic devices ( ) comprises a multi-layer stacked assembly ( ) of a plurality of pan-shaped conductive units that form the layers of the assembly. Each unit is preferably formed from a single sheet of metal into which electronic components, such as an antenna array ( ) or a filter array ( ) of a transceiver, have been stamped, cut, or etched, and which is then bent around its periphery to form a pan shape. The pans are oriented to face the same direction, are stacked one on top of another, and are fixedly attached to each other by weld, solder, or adhesive. The electrical components defined by the different units are electrically interconnected in a connectorless manner, preferably by flanges ( ) formed in the same sheets of metal as the units themselves and extending between the units. Adjacent units in the stack define electromagnetically isolated chambers, e.g., for the filter array. Some layers perform double duty, e.g., a layer ( ) that forms a part of the chamber that houses the filter array also acts as a reflector plane for the antenna array.

Electronic stacked assembly

A portable telephone which includes a directional antenna is provided. The directional antenna is designed such that it can be positioned for use so that its beam is substantially parallel to the direction of received electromagnetic energy, thereby increasing the efficiency at which electromagnetic energy is transmitted to and received from the base station(s) as well as reducing the levels of electromagnetic energy transmitted into the body of the portable telephone user. In another embodiment, two directional antennas are provided for use with a diversity receiver and can be positioned for use to provide directional diversity, space diversity or both, thereby providing added immunity against fading.

Portable telephone antenna

A transceiver (,) comprises a stacked metal laminate assembly of a plurality of layers (,) inside an enclosure (,). A first layer (,) forms an antenna. A second layer (,) forms a ground plane for the antenna. A third layer (,) forms &ldquo;front-end&rdquo; filters (duplexer). A fourth layer (,) together with the second layer forms an electromagnetic isolation enclosure for the filters. A fifth layer (,) comprises a PC board with electronic circuits of the transceiver mounted thereon, and is both mounted to and electronically shielded by the fourth layer. Each of the first through fourth layers is preferably made from a single metal layer, such as a sheet of metal, by stamping. Each of the first through fourth layers is either bent along its periphery into a substantially &ldquo;cake-pan&rdquo; shape, or is flat and has a separate side wall (,) attached thereto. Flanges (,and,) that are unitarily formed with the filters extend through orifices (,and,) in the second and fourth layers to connect the filters with the antenna and the electronic circuits. The connections may be conductive or capacitive. The assembly is put together by stacking the first through fourth layers and then epoxying, soldering, or welding them together.

Transceiver stacked assembly

A high-frequency, e.g., microwave, antenna (,) is stamped from a single sheet (,) of electromagnetically conductive material, e.g., a metal plate. A manufacture comprising a frame (,), a plurality of radiator antenna elements (,), a plurality of first supports (,) each connecting a radiator antenna element to the frame, a feed network (,) connected to the radiator antenna elements, and a plurality of second supports (,) connecting the radiators and the feed network to each other and to the frame, are stamped out of the single sheet. A combiner (,) may be included in the manufacture as well. The second supports provide alignment and rigidity during manufacture and assembly. Preferably, a plurality of the manufactures are stamped out side-by-side from a single roll (,) for ease of automated manufacture and assembly. The frame is either made in two pieces (,) or is bent relative to the resonator antenna elements along fold lines (,), to provide an offset of the radiators from a ground plane (,). The frame is mounted on the ground plane, and the second supports are then removed. Preferably, the feed network is positioned (e.g., by being bent) to lie closer to the ground plane than the radiator antenna elements.

Sheet-metal antenna

The method of producing antennas and antenna arrays with desired beam widths applies to both single and dual polarization antennas, and controls and modifies the radiation patterns of the antenna's radiating elements by placing appropriately designed parasitic elements in their vicinity.

Method of producing desired beam widths for antennas and antenna arrays in single or dual polarization

A resonant capacitive coupler (,) couples signals across a gap (,) between signal transmission lines (,) of two printed wiring boards (,). The coupler has a conductive contact member (,or,) that is either positioned in close proximity to one of the transmission lines (,) or is connected to the one transmission line via a dielectric (,or,), and forms a capacitor therewith. The coupler further has a conductive interconnect member (,or,) that is connected to the contact member, and also to the other transmission line (,) either directly (FIG.,) or via a second conductive contact member (,) (FIG.,). The conductive interconnect member is dimensioned to have an inductive impedance at the frequency of the signals that equals, and hence cancels out, the capacitive impedance of the one or two capacitors formed by the one or two contact members. The coupler therefore resonates at the signal frequency, and relative to conventional capacitive coupling achieves a low-loss interconnection over large gaps while requiring only small capacitance to do so.

Resonant capacitive coupler

An antenna package for use in a wireless communications device. The package includes a metallic leadframe section having a plurality of leads and a paddle shaped as a planar antenna, and dielectric material encapsulating the paddle and portions of the leads.

Antenna package for a wireless communications device

The present invention provides a system for coupling a portable telephone with a built-in antenna to an external antenna. The portable telephone built-in antenna includes an exposed direct electrical contact at its base. When the portable telephone unit is placed into a receiving cavity in in external antenna coupling unit, the exposed contact is engaged by an antenna clip for connection to the external antenna. A two-section choke in the coupling unit provides shielding for the built-in antenna. The first section of the choke is coupled to the ground plane of the portable telephone, and the second section of the choke surrounds the antenna. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the choke provides shielding of the built-in antenna at a lower and at a higher frequency band.

Antenna coupler for portable telephone

A fixed dual frequency band antenna for a dual frequency band radio transceiver where the two frequency bands are not harmonically related. The antenna includes a straight radiating antenna portion terminated by a helical wire radiating antenna portion, with the total electrical length of the antenna being approximately three quarters of the wavelength at the center frequency of the higher of the two frequency bands. A conductive radiating cap terminates the helical portion and a conductive antenna base is connected to the straight portion at the end opposite the helical portion. A matching circuit coupled between the base and the transceiver circuitry is arranged to substantially cancel the reactive portion of the impedance of the antenna for both frequency bands and to substantially equalize the resistive portion of the impedance of the antenna to the resistive portion of the output impedance of the radio transceiver. The length of the antenna is such that, together with the matching circuit, the resistive portion of the impedance of the antenna is substantially the same for both frequency bands.

Fixed dual frequency band antenna

A single planar antenna for use in two frequency bands includes radiating portions for the two bands joined by a connecting portion and spaced from a ground plane. Each radiating portion is formed as a planar inverted F-antenna. A grounding pin interconnects the connecting portion and the ground plane and a single feed pin connects the connecting portion to the input/output port of transceiver circuitry.

Planar dual frequency band antenna

A dual frequency band antennas system where the two frequency bands are not harmonically related includes first and second antenna sections. The first antenna section comprises a straight rod, with the length of the rod being at least one quarter wavelength at the center frequency of the lower of the two frequency bands. The second antenna section includes a straight portion terminated by a helical wire portion, with the total electrical length of the second antenna section being substantially equal to the length of the straight rod. A conductive antenna base is connected to at least one of the first and second antenna sections. A matching circuit coupled to the base is arranged to substantially cancel the reactive portion of the impedance of the connected antenna section for both frequency bands and to substantially equalize the resistive portion of the impedance of the connected antenna section to the resistive portion of the output impedance of the radio transceiver to which the antenna system is coupled. The lengths of the straight rod and of the second antenna section are such that together with the matching circuit the resistive portion of the impedance of the connected antenna section is substantially the same for both frequency bands.

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Somerset, NJ, United States of America

Ilya Alexander Korisch