UChicago Argonne, LLC

U.S. Department of Energy

Ilya A Shkrob

Lu Zhang

Jingjing Zhang

Chen Liao

Daniel Abraham

Zhengcheng Zhang

Hakim H Iddir

Michael Donald Kaminski

Cameron Peebles

Juan Garcia

Mark L Dietz

Carol J Mertz

Cory A Hawkins

This invention relates to an electrolyte composition for a lithium ion battery comprising a lithium salt in a non-aqueous solvent containing an additive comprising a compound of formula RSiOP(O)F; wherein each R independently is a hydrocarbyl group; and n is 0 or 1; and wherein the additive is substantially free from (RSiO)P(O)and (RSiO)P(O)F. Electrochemical cells and batteries also are described.

Additives for high voltage lithium ion batteries

Lithium tetrafluoro(malonato)phosphate compounds are useful as additives in lithium ion battery applications. The compounds are represented by Formula (I): MPF[&#x2014;O(C&#x2550;O)&#x2014;(CX'X&#x2033;)&#x2014;(C&#x2550;O)O&#x2014;]; wherein M is Li or Na; each X&#x2032; and X&#x2033; independently is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, fluoro-substituted alkyl, and F; or wherein the X&#x2032; and X&#x2033; together are &#x2014;CR&#x2014;(CR&#x2032;)&#x2014;CR&#x2033;&#x2014;; each R, R&#x2032; and R&#x2033; independently is selected from the group consisting of H methyl, trifluoromethyl, and F; and in is 0 or 1. These compounds can be prepared in high purity and a high yield by reaction of a metal hexafluorophosphate with a bis-silyl malonate compound. A similar oxalato compound, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate), can be made in the same manner, but using a bis-silyl oxalate in place of the bis-silyl malonate. Advantageously, the compounds can be formed, in situ, in a LiPF-containing electrolyte solution.

Additives for lithium batteries and methods

The present invention provides a redox flow battery comprising a negative electrode (also referred to herein as an 'anode') immersed in a first liquid electrolyte (also referred to herein as a 'negative electrolyte' or &#x201c;anolyte&#x201d;), a positive electrode (also referred to herein as a &#x201c;cathode&#x201d;) immersed in a second liquid electrolyte (also referred to herein as a &#x201c;positive electrolyte&#x201d; or &#x201c;catholyte&#x201d;), and a cation-permeable separator (e.g., a membrane or other cation-permeable material) partitioning the negative electrode/anolyte from the positive electrode/catholyte. The redox reactant of the catholyte comprises a compound of Formula (I) as described herein.

Organic redox molecules for flow batteries

Lithium tetrafluoro(malonato)phosphate compounds are useful as additives in lithium ion battery applications. The compounds are represented by Formula (I): MPF[&#x2014;O(C&#x2550;O)&#x2014;(CX'X&#x2033;)&#x2014;(C&#x2550;O)O&#x2014;]; wherein M is Li or Na; each X&#x2032; and X&#x2033; independently is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, fluoro-substituted alkyl, and F; or wherein the X&#x2032; and X&#x2033; together are &#x2014;CR&#x2014;(CR&#x2032;)&#x2014;CR&#x2033;&#x2014;; each R, R&#x2032; and R&#x2033; independently is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, trifluoromethyl, and F; and m is 0 or 1. These compounds can be prepared in high purity and a high yield by reaction of a metal hexafluorophosphate with a bis-silyl malonate compound. A similar oxalato compound, lithium tetrafluoro(oxalato)phosphate), can be made in the same manner, but using a bis-silyl oxalate in place of the bis-silyl malonate. Advantageously, the compounds can be formed, in situ, in a LiPF-containing electrolyte solution.

This invention relates to a method for preparing an electrochemical cell comprising the sequential steps of preparing a solution of a lithium salt in an non-aqueous solvent containing an additive compound, and maintaining the solution at a temperature in the range of about 20 to about 30&#xb0; C. for about 5 to 10 days to form an aged electrolyte; assembling an electrochemical cell from an anode, a cathode, and the aged electrolyte; and electrochemically subjecting the electrochemical cell to formation cycling. The additive compound comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of: (RSiO)B, (RSiO)XY, (RSiO)P, (R'O)PO, (RSi)X&#x2032;, RSiOS(O)R&#x2032;; (RSi)OC(&#x2550;O)R&#x2032;; wherein each R and R&#x2032; independently is a hydrocarbyl group; X is P or B; Y is O or S; X is Ti or Al. Electrochemical cells and batteries also are described.

An electrolyte for a lithium-ion electrochemical cell comprises a non-aqueous solution of a lithium salt and a redox shuttle compound, wherein the redox shuttle compound comprises &#x2014;OR groups at carbons 1 and 4 of a benzene ring; a first hydrocarbon ring fused to carbons 2 and 3 of the benzene ring; and a second hydrocarbon ring fused to the carbons 5 and 6 of the benzene ring, wherein either (i) the first and second hydrocarbon rings together with the benzene ring constitute two fused benzobicyclo[2.2.2]octane ring systems sharing a common benzo core group; or (ii) the first and second hydrocarbon rings together with the benzene ring constitute two fused benzobicyclo[2.2.1]heptane ring systems sharing a common benzo core group.

Annulated tetra-substituted hydroquinone ether-based redox shuttle additives for lithium-ion batteries

An electrolyte for a lithium-ion electrochemical cell comprises a non-aqueous solution of a lithium salt and a redox shuttle salt compound in a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the redox shuttle compound comprises an amino-substituted cyclopropenium salt of Formula (I) as described herein.

Functional organic salt for lithium-ion batteries

A redox flow battery comprising a two-electron, redox active, bridged, multi-cyclic compound ('TRBMC') comprises a non-aromatic, bridged cyclic portion fused to an aromatic cyclic portion.

Two-electron redox catholyte for redox flow batteries

Benzothiophene-based redox molecules for flow battery

This invention provides methods of using modified magnetic microspheres to extract target ions from a sample in order to detect their presence in a microfluidic environment. In one or more embodiments, the microspheres are modified with molecules on the surface that allow the target ions in the sample to form complexes with specific ligand molecules on the microsphere surface. In one or more embodiments, the microspheres are modified with molecules that sequester the target ions from the sample, but specific ligand molecules in solution subsequently re-extract the target ions from the microspheres into the solution, where the complexes form independent of the microsphere surface. Once the complexes form, they are exposed to an excitation wavelength light source suitable for exciting the target ion to emit a luminescent signal pattern. Detection of the luminescent signal pattern allows for determination of the presence of the target ions in the sample.

Method of detecting luminescent target ions with modified magnetic microspheres

The present invention provides an apparatus and rapid methods for extracting strontium ions from urine to provide a concentrated and purified strontium-90 extract suitable for scintillation measurements. The methods remove organic compounds, pigments, and alkali metal ions that can interfere with quantitative determination of strontium-90 in urine. A method of the invention comprises acidifying urine and removing organic pigments therefrom, loading a known quantity of so-treated urine onto a diphosphonic acid-based ion-exchange resin; flowing aqueous methanesulfonic acid through the diphosphonic acid-based ion-exchange resin to elute alkali metal ions therefrom; eluting strontium ions off of the diphosphonic acid-based resin and on to a strontium extraction chromatographic resin with a concentrated aqueous nitric acid solution; subsequently flowing water or a dilute acid stripping solution through the strontium extraction resin to strip the strontium from the strontium extraction resin; and collecting the strontium-containing stripping solution eluting from the strontium extraction resin.

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Chicago, IL, United States of America

Ilya A Shkrob