Microsoft Technology Licensing, LLC

Ian Jose

Peter Zabback

Campbell Bryce Fraser

Yogesh Bansal

Anil K Ruia

Laurion Darrell Burchall

Brett A Shirley

Andrew E Goodsell

Serguei Martchenko

Umair Ahmad

Tobias Marius Klima

Alexandre Costa

Jonathan Liem

A system for write optimization in transactional data management systems is described. The system stores a tree data structure that comprises a root, a plurality of internal nodes, and a plurality of leaf nodes. Each internal node comprises a pivot key and a child pointer. Each leaf node stores key-value pairs sorted by a corresponding key. The system forms a plurality of hybrid nodes. The hybrid nodes comprise a layer of internal nodes that are immediate parents of the plurality of leaf nodes. A buffer is formed only for each internal node of the plurality of hybrid nodes. The buffer is used to store a message that encodes an operation. The message is to be applied to the corresponding leaf nodes of the plurality of hybrid nodes.

Write optimization in transactional data management systems

Histograms formed based on samples of a population, such as histograms created from random page-level samples of a data store, are intelligently scaled to histograms estimating distribution of the entire population of the data store. As an optional optimization, where a threshold number of duplicate samples are observed during page-level sampling, the number of distinct values in the overall population data is presumed to be the number of distinct values in the sample data. Also, during estimation of distinct values of an overall population, a 'Chao' estimator can optionally be utilized as a lower bound of the estimate. The resulting estimate is then used when scaling, which can take domain knowledge of the data being scaled into account in order to prevent scaled estimates from exceeding the limits of the domain. Also, a 'sum of the parts' mathematical relationship can be taken into account during scaling that the sum of the scaled distinct values for each bin of an estimate histogram should total an estimate for the total distinct values of the entire population.

Generating histograms of population data by scaling from sample data

A query execution system is provided. The system includes a monitor component that detects data value changes in a database. An adjustment component initiates an intermediate query in view of detected data value changes, the intermediate query employed to adjust statistics related to a query plan optimization.

Statistics adjustment to improve query execution plans

Methods, a data structure and computer readable mediums address newly-defined code points in a Unicode index of characters by allowing processing of strings that use those newly-defined code points although a database holding an index of Unicode characters has not yet been updated. A method is directed to processing strings including one or more code points associated with an index of code points mapped to an expandable alphabet, such as the Unicode index. The method includes tracking each string that has code points mapped to undefined items and processing the tracked strings outside the processing of strings with defined items. An embodiment provides for creating a database for maintaining the index to the code points mapped to the previously undefined items. For each code point mapped to a previously undefined item a table entry can be created so the entries identify newly defined code points to enable processing the tracked strings.

Unicode transitional code point database

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Redmond, WA, United States of America

Ian Jose