The Secretary of State for Defence in Her Britannic Majesty's Government

National Research Development Corporation

Thorn Emi Plc

Central Research Laboratories Limited

Ares Serono Research & Development Ltd.

The Secretary of State for Defence

Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij 'octropa' Bv

Ares-serono Research & Development Limited Partnership

Ian A Shanks

Alan M Smith

Christoph Dobrusskin

John G Holden

Michael G Clark

John L Glasper

Edward P Raynes

Cyril Hilsum

Frances C Saunders

Jennifer Constant

Andrew N Carrington

John Worthington Attridge

Claes I Nylander

Frank M Leslie

Robert J Risk

Anthony J Hughes

Apparatus for displaying an image

Border for an image

An imaging system for the generation of an apparent three-dimensional (3-D) image suspended in space for direct vieiwing includes a beamsplitter and a retroreflector. The optical property of reflecting light back along its original path enable the system to generate such an apparent 3-D image based on the perception of depth cues present in the original scene for viewing.

Image frame

Apparatus for irradiating an area with a controllable pattern of light comprises a laser (2), which illuminates a spatial light modulator (6). The resulting spatially modulated light then passes to a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer beam-splitter (10) which reflects it to an image surface (13) of an endoscope (12). The endoscope relays it to another image surface (40) whence it is focussed on the area to be irradiated. This light may be used for photodynamic therapy.

Apparatus for irradiating an area with a controllable pattern of light

A method of assaying for a ligand in a sample involves incubating the sample in contact with a specific binding partner for the ligand carried on one surface of an optical structure, irradiating the structure at a suitable angle or range of angles to the normal such that the resonance and/or total internal reflection of the radiation occurs within the optical structure and/or the layer of specific binding partner, and analyzing the radiation in order to determine whether, and if desired the extent to which and/or rate at which the generated radiation and/or optical characteristics of the optical structure are altered by complex formation.

Long range surface plasma resonance immunoassay

A color sequential illumination system, such as, for example, a backlighting system for a liquid crystal display (LCD), comprises lamps for emitting blue, red and green light. The red and green light is provided by lamps including fluorescent dyes having optical decay times similar to a phosphor material used to provide the blue light. In this manner, the blue, red and green emissions can be fully synchronized with electrical signals used to energise the lamps, enhancing color range and color quality. Furthermore, if the fluorescent dyes are carried in plastics materials, then trapping and concentration of the light generated may also be achieved, providing enhanced brightness for the LCD for a given power input.

Color sequential illumination system

A screen for use in a front projection system includes a section capable of reflecting light of certain, predetermined wavelengths more than light of other wavelengths. The screen appears black or dark gray when viewed in broadband light. The screen provides for enhanced contrast between incident projected and ambient light. A projector for use with the screen has a light source capable of emitting the predetermined wavelengths.

Cholesteric liquid crystal screen which reflects substantially all of

A fluorescent tube (2) is made of a plastics material containing at least one organic fluorescent dye and attached to the inner surface of this tube is a barrier layer (3) for absorbing ultraviolet radiation, and attached to the inner surface of the layer (3) there is a phosphor layer (3a).

Light sources

A specifically-reactive sample-collecting and testing device possessing a cavity or cavities each having a dimension small enough to enable sample liquid to be drawn into the cavity by capillary action, wherein said cavity includes an electrode structure for making measurements of one or more electrically measurable characteristics of the sample, and wherein a surface of a wall of the cavity optionally also carries a coating of a material appropriate to the test to be carried out in the device.

Device for use in chemical test procedures

A required visual signal for direct observation is produced from a first source of light in the presence of a second source of light, such as ambient light. Light is transmitted from the first source to a defined surface or defined region distant from the first source. A means for modulating light is operated between at least a first mode and a second mode. This operation is synchronized with a varying of the intensity of at least one of the sources of light at or above a given frequency equal to or greater than the critical fusion frequency for the size and luminance of the required visual signal. When the modulating means is in the first mode, this allows the required visual signal to be directly observed on the defined surface or in the defined region. When the modulating means is in the second mode, this allows the effect produced by any light from the second source incident on the defined surface or in the defined region to be reduced.

Method of and an apparatus for producing a required visual signal for

A scanned 2- or 3-D modulated light pattern originating from a light source and represented by a matrix of pixels is projected onto a defined surface or into a defined region distant from the light source. A plurality of means for modulating light one operated between at least a first mode and a second mode. This operation is synchronized with the scanning of the matrix of pixels so that: (a) respective modulating means is in the first mode when its associated plurality of pixels are being scanned; and (b) a respective plurality of pixels are not being scanned when its associated modulating means is in the second mode. When a modulating means is in the first mode, it allows light to be distributed from the defined surface or the defined region. When a modulating means is in the second mode, it allows the effect produced by any light incident on the desired surface or in the defined region to be reduced.

Method of and an apparatus for projecting a scanned two- or

Devices for use in chemical test procedures

Photometric instruments, their use in methods of optical analysis, and

A polar coordinate display of full 360.degree. arc comprises an electrically responsive medium between two electrode bearing substrates. One set of electrodes is configured as a number of concentric spirals, allowing connection at the display periphery. The other set of electrodes may be radial or counter spiral. The display may be addressed using a set of isogonal signals--for example psuedo-random binary sequence coded signals.

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Penn, United Kingdom

Ian A Shanks