Leland Stanford Junior University

Cz Biohub Sf, Llc.

Hyongsok T Soh

Calvin F Quate

Stephen C Minne

Gordon S Kino

Butrus Thomas Khuri-Yakub

Hongjie Dai

Igal Ladabaum

Jelena Vuckovic

Jing Kong

Daniel A Fletcher

Diana Wu

Peter Mage

John Coller

Amani Hariri

Trevor Feagin

Kenneth B Cozier

Constantin Dory

Alyssa Cartwright

Jia Niu

Chelsea Lyons Gordon

The disclosure is directed to methods and compositions for screening a library of aptamers for aptamers having a binding affinity to a target molecule. The methods and compositions described herein utilize a throughput approach that is able to simultaneously measure binding affinity and link the binding affinity to the identity (e.g., sequence) of the aptamer.

Compositions and methods for screening aptamers

The disclosure is directed to methods and compositions for screening a library of aptamers for aptamers having a binding affinity to a target molecule. Specifically, non-natural nucleotides can be introduced onto aptamers immobilized on the surface of beads. The non-natural nucleotides can then be subsequently chemically modified to include additional binding agents. For example, copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions can be used to introduce a wide range of binding agents onto non-natural nucleotides on beads.

Compositions and methods involving non-natural aptamer libraries

The disclosure provides an optical probe comprising an optical waveguide attached to a molecular switch that produces an altered optical signal upon binding a target molecule. The disclosure also provides an optical sensor system comprising an optical probe, a light source configured to emit the excitation light to be coupled into the optical waveguide of the optical probe; and a detector.

Optical real-time biosensor

A solid immersion lens integrated on a flexible support such as a cantilever or membrane is described, together with a method of forming the integrated structure.

Near field optical scanning system employing microfabricated solid immersion lens

The present invention includes several nanotube structures which can be made using catalyst islands disposed on a substrate (e.g. silicon, alumina, or quartz) or on the free end of an atomic force microscope cantilever. The catalyst islands are capable of catalyzing the growth of carbon nanotubes from carbon containing gases (e.g. methane). The present invention includes an island of catalyst material (such as Fe O ) disposed on the substrate with a carbon nanotube extending from the island. Also included in the present invention is a pair of islands with a nanotube extending between the islands, electrically connecting them. Conductive metal lines connected to the islands (which may be a few microns on a side) allows for external circuitry to connect to the nanotube. Such a structure can be used in many different electronic and microelectromechanical devices. For example, a nanotube connected between two islands can function as a resonator if the substrate beneath the nanotube is etched away. Also, the present invention includes a catalyst particle disposed on the free end of an AFM cantilever and having a nanotube extending from the particle. The nanotube can be used as the scanning tip of the AFM as is know in the art.

Carbon nanotube structures made using catalyst islands

A scanning probe microscope is used to fabricate a gate or other feature of a transistor by scanning a silicon substrate in which the transistor is to be formed. An electric field is created between the cantilever tip and the silicon substrate, thereby causing an oxide layer to be formed on the surface of the substrate. As the tip is scanned across the substrate the electric field is switched on and off so that an oxide pattern is formed on the silicon. Preferably, the oxide pattern is formed on a deposited layer of amorphous silicon. Extremely small features, e.g., a MOSFET gate having a length of 0.2 .mu.m or less can be fabricated by this technique.

Method of fabricating transistor or other electronic device using

An ultrasonic capacitance transducer having a sealed membrane supported above a conductive substrate by thin insulating material to form a sealed evacuated cavity whereby the transducer can operate immersed in fluid.

Microfabricated ultrasonic immersion transducer

A scanning probe microscope is used to pattern a layer of resist, and the pattern is transferred to a substrate. First, an underlayer formed of, for example, polyimide and a top layer formed of, for example, amorphous silicon are deposited on the substrate. A pattern is formed on the top layer using the tip of the cantilever in a scanning probe microscope. The pattern may consist of an oxide formed by an electric field at the cantilever tip. The top layer is then etched using the pattern as a mask and using an etchant that is selective against the underlayer. The underlayer is then etched using an etchant that is selective against the top layer and substrate. The substrate is etched with an etchant that removes the top layer but is selective against the underlayer. Finally, the underlayer is removed.

Growing community of inventors

Stanford, CA, United States of America

Hyongsok T Soh