Institut Francais Du Pe'trole

Hubert Ajot

Edouard Freund

Pierre Grandvallet

Philippe Courty

Francis Raatz

Dominique A Garnier

Jean Francois Joly

Colette Russmann

Bernard Delmon

Felix Marny

On-line test and analysis equipment equivalent for establishing a material balance of a chemical reaction comprising: a reactor; an injection system for a charge having a certain flow and composition, connected to the reactor; instrumentation for measuring the flow and composition of the charge; a heater to heat the reactor so as to provide a gaseous effluent; first analysis instrumentation to provide a qualitative and quantitative analysis of effluents contained in sampling valves; expansion device for the effluents; second analysis instrumentation for expanded effluent; an instrument to measure the volume of the effluents connected to the outlet of the first analysis means; and instrumentation connected to the instrumentation for measuring the flow and composition of the charge, to the instrument for measuring the volume, and to the first and second analysis instrumentation, the processing instrumentation being capable of determining a material balance from the measurements of flow and composition of the charge and the analysis of the charge, and from the analysis of the effluents.

On-line test and analysis process and equipment making it possible to

For measuring the adsorption and desorption of a gas adsorbed by a solid sample, a gas pressure drop during the adsorption phase or a gas pressure increase during the desorption phase is programmed in the reservoir circuit 1 from 0.1 to 0.7 Pa per minute by at least one regulating valve V.sub.P1 having a proportional opening, in order to transfer a substantially constant flow of gas to the sample and from the sample to the reservoir, the gas pressure being measured periodically in the measuring circuit by pressure sensors. By a microprocessor, the isotherm of adsorption and desorption is determined based on the volume of the reservoir circuit, the quantity of gas transferred, the gas pressure in the measuring circuit, and the volume of the measuring circuit. The system measures the adsorption-desorption isotherms of a gas from a solid.

Method of and an apparatus for measuring the adsorption and the

An analysis process is provided for the determination of a complete material balance of a chemical reaction, especially useful in the studies of catalyst activity. A complete material balance is obtained by determining the output flow from a reactor at the temperature and pressure conditions of the chemical reaction. The reactor output flow is determined by first analyzing the effluent volume composition at the temperature and pressure conditions of the reaction. Subsequently, the effluent is expanded and the volume composition and flow rate of the expanded effluent are measured. From these measurements and the volume composition at the reactor output, the output flow from the reactor is determined. A strict material balance is then possible by comparing the input flow rate and volume composition to the output volume composition and flow rate, thereby establishing a complete material balance at the reaction temperature and pressure. The process is suitable for testing the catalytic activity of even small amounts of catalysts independent on the catalyst shape. Moreover, the process provides a high degree of reproducibility through the automation of temperature control and the analysis of volume compositions and flow rates.

On-line test and analysis process to establish a material balance of a

An amorphous solid gel containing molybdenum and iron contains (a) ions of a ferric salt and ions from at least one salt containing, as simple cations, a metal M, in an atomic ratio M/ (Fe+M) from 0 to 0.5:1 (b) ions from a molybdic compound and ions from at least one salt containing, as oxygenated ions, a metal N, in an atomic ration N/ (Mo+N) from 0 to 0.5:1; and (c) water, wherein M is Co, Ni, Mn, Cr, Sc, Y or a rare earth metal, N is Cr, W, Mn, or V and (Mo+N) / (Fe+M) is 0.4:1 to 5:1.

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Rueil Malmaison, France

Hubert Ajot